diff --git a/changelog/unreleased/issue-5063 b/changelog/unreleased/issue-5063
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..65aa379e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/unreleased/issue-5063
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Bugfix: Correctly `backup` extended metadata when using VSS on Windows
+
+On Windows, when creating a backup using the `--use-fs-snapshot` option,
+then the extended metadata was not read from the filesystem snapshot. This
+could result in errors when files have been removed in the meantime.
+
+This issue has been resolved.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/5063
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/5097
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/5099
diff --git a/cmd/restic/cmd_backup.go b/cmd/restic/cmd_backup.go
index 562108a33..c7c0bcc50 100644
--- a/cmd/restic/cmd_backup.go
+++ b/cmd/restic/cmd_backup.go
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ type BackupOptions struct {
 }
 
 var backupOptions BackupOptions
+var backupFSTestHook func(fs fs.FS) fs.FS
 
 // ErrInvalidSourceData is used to report an incomplete backup
 var ErrInvalidSourceData = errors.New("at least one source file could not be read")
@@ -598,6 +599,10 @@ func runBackup(ctx context.Context, opts BackupOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, ter
 		targets = []string{filename}
 	}
 
+	if backupFSTestHook != nil {
+		targetFS = backupFSTestHook(targetFS)
+	}
+
 	wg, wgCtx := errgroup.WithContext(ctx)
 	cancelCtx, cancel := context.WithCancel(wgCtx)
 	defer cancel()
diff --git a/cmd/restic/cmd_backup_integration_test.go b/cmd/restic/cmd_backup_integration_test.go
index 5e00b84b0..5926fdd54 100644
--- a/cmd/restic/cmd_backup_integration_test.go
+++ b/cmd/restic/cmd_backup_integration_test.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/fs"
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/restic"
@@ -111,6 +112,63 @@ func TestBackupWithRelativePath(t *testing.T) {
 	rtest.Assert(t, latestSn.Parent != nil && latestSn.Parent.Equal(firstSnapshotID), "second snapshot selected unexpected parent %v instead of %v", latestSn.Parent, firstSnapshotID)
 }
 
+type vssDeleteOriginalFS struct {
+	fs.FS
+	testdata   string
+	hasRemoved bool
+}
+
+func (f *vssDeleteOriginalFS) Lstat(name string) (os.FileInfo, error) {
+	if !f.hasRemoved {
+		// call Lstat to trigger snapshot creation
+		_, _ = f.FS.Lstat(name)
+		// nuke testdata
+		var err error
+		for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+			// The CI sometimes runs into "The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process" errors
+			// thus try a few times to remove the data
+			err = os.RemoveAll(f.testdata)
+			if err == nil {
+				break
+			}
+			time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		f.hasRemoved = true
+	}
+	return f.FS.Lstat(name)
+}
+
+func TestBackupVSS(t *testing.T) {
+	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" || fs.HasSufficientPrivilegesForVSS() != nil {
+		t.Skip("vss fs test can only be run on windows with admin privileges")
+	}
+
+	env, cleanup := withTestEnvironment(t)
+	defer cleanup()
+
+	testSetupBackupData(t, env)
+	opts := BackupOptions{UseFsSnapshot: true}
+
+	var testFS *vssDeleteOriginalFS
+	backupFSTestHook = func(fs fs.FS) fs.FS {
+		testFS = &vssDeleteOriginalFS{
+			FS:       fs,
+			testdata: env.testdata,
+		}
+		return testFS
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		backupFSTestHook = nil
+	}()
+
+	testRunBackup(t, filepath.Dir(env.testdata), []string{"testdata"}, opts, env.gopts)
+	testListSnapshots(t, env.gopts, 1)
+	rtest.Equals(t, true, testFS.hasRemoved, "testdata was not removed")
+}
+
 func TestBackupParentSelection(t *testing.T) {
 	env, cleanup := withTestEnvironment(t)
 	defer cleanup()
diff --git a/cmd/restic/integration_helpers_test.go b/cmd/restic/integration_helpers_test.go
index 978deab3d..8ae3bb78a 100644
--- a/cmd/restic/integration_helpers_test.go
+++ b/cmd/restic/integration_helpers_test.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -168,6 +169,16 @@ type testEnvironment struct {
 	gopts                                   GlobalOptions
 }
 
+type logOutputter struct {
+	t testing.TB
+}
+
+func (l *logOutputter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	l.t.Helper()
+	l.t.Log(strings.TrimSuffix(string(p), "\n"))
+	return len(p), nil
+}
+
 // withTestEnvironment creates a test environment and returns a cleanup
 // function which removes it.
 func withTestEnvironment(t testing.TB) (env *testEnvironment, cleanup func()) {
@@ -200,8 +211,11 @@ func withTestEnvironment(t testing.TB) (env *testEnvironment, cleanup func()) {
 		Quiet:    true,
 		CacheDir: env.cache,
 		password: rtest.TestPassword,
-		stdout:   os.Stdout,
-		stderr:   os.Stderr,
+		// stdout and stderr are written to by Warnf etc. That is the written data
+		// usually consists of one or multiple lines and therefore can be handled well
+		// by t.Log.
+		stdout:   &logOutputter{t},
+		stderr:   &logOutputter{t},
 		extended: make(options.Options),
 
 		// replace this hook with "nil" if listing a filetype more than once is necessary
diff --git a/internal/archiver/archiver.go b/internal/archiver/archiver.go
index 839320816..03b3b9986 100644
--- a/internal/archiver/archiver.go
+++ b/internal/archiver/archiver.go
@@ -248,7 +248,8 @@ func (arch *Archiver) trackItem(item string, previous, current *restic.Node, s I
 
 // nodeFromFileInfo returns the restic node from an os.FileInfo.
 func (arch *Archiver) nodeFromFileInfo(snPath, filename string, fi os.FileInfo, ignoreXattrListError bool) (*restic.Node, error) {
-	node, err := restic.NodeFromFileInfo(filename, fi, ignoreXattrListError)
+	mappedFilename := arch.FS.MapFilename(filename)
+	node, err := restic.NodeFromFileInfo(mappedFilename, fi, ignoreXattrListError)
 	if !arch.WithAtime {
 		node.AccessTime = node.ModTime
 	}
diff --git a/internal/archiver/file_saver.go b/internal/archiver/file_saver.go
index d10334301..70666506d 100644
--- a/internal/archiver/file_saver.go
+++ b/internal/archiver/file_saver.go
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func (s *FileSaver) saveFile(ctx context.Context, chnker *chunker.Chunker, snPat
 
 	debug.Log("%v", snPath)
 
-	node, err := s.NodeFromFileInfo(snPath, f.Name(), fi, false)
+	node, err := s.NodeFromFileInfo(snPath, target, fi, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		_ = f.Close()
 		completeError(err)
diff --git a/internal/fs/fs_local.go b/internal/fs/fs_local.go
index 48c40dc90..06dbae9a0 100644
--- a/internal/fs/fs_local.go
+++ b/internal/fs/fs_local.go
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@ func (fs Local) VolumeName(path string) string {
 	return filepath.VolumeName(path)
 }
 
+// MapFilename is a temporary hack to prepare a filename for usage with
+// NodeFromFileInfo. This is only relevant for LocalVss.
+func (fs Local) MapFilename(filename string) string {
+	return filename
+}
+
 // Open opens a file for reading.
 func (fs Local) Open(name string) (File, error) {
 	f, err := os.Open(fixpath(name))
diff --git a/internal/fs/fs_local_vss.go b/internal/fs/fs_local_vss.go
index 718dfc46d..db6c95155 100644
--- a/internal/fs/fs_local_vss.go
+++ b/internal/fs/fs_local_vss.go
@@ -145,6 +145,12 @@ func (fs *LocalVss) Lstat(name string) (os.FileInfo, error) {
 	return os.Lstat(fs.snapshotPath(name))
 }
 
+// MapFilename is a temporary hack to prepare a filename for usage with
+// NodeFromFileInfo. This is only relevant for LocalVss.
+func (fs *LocalVss) MapFilename(filename string) string {
+	return fs.snapshotPath(filename)
+}
+
 // isMountPointIncluded  is true if given mountpoint included by user.
 func (fs *LocalVss) isMountPointIncluded(mountPoint string) bool {
 	if fs.excludeVolumes == nil {
diff --git a/internal/fs/fs_reader.go b/internal/fs/fs_reader.go
index 47af74245..57864c87b 100644
--- a/internal/fs/fs_reader.go
+++ b/internal/fs/fs_reader.go
@@ -39,6 +39,12 @@ func (fs *Reader) VolumeName(_ string) string {
 	return ""
 }
 
+// MapFilename is a temporary hack to prepare a filename for usage with
+// NodeFromFileInfo. This is only relevant for LocalVss.
+func (fs *Reader) MapFilename(filename string) string {
+	return filename
+}
+
 // Open opens a file for reading.
 func (fs *Reader) Open(name string) (f File, err error) {
 	switch name {
@@ -223,7 +229,7 @@ func (r *readerFile) Close() error {
 var _ File = &readerFile{}
 
 // fakeFile implements all File methods, but only returns errors for anything
-// except Stat() and Name().
+// except Stat()
 type fakeFile struct {
 	name string
 	os.FileInfo
@@ -260,10 +266,6 @@ func (f fakeFile) Stat() (os.FileInfo, error) {
 	return f.FileInfo, nil
 }
 
-func (f fakeFile) Name() string {
-	return f.name
-}
-
 // fakeDir implements Readdirnames and Readdir, everything else is delegated to fakeFile.
 type fakeDir struct {
 	entries []os.FileInfo
diff --git a/internal/fs/interface.go b/internal/fs/interface.go
index b26c56944..147773e2d 100644
--- a/internal/fs/interface.go
+++ b/internal/fs/interface.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ type FS interface {
 	OpenFile(name string, flag int, perm os.FileMode) (File, error)
 	Stat(name string) (os.FileInfo, error)
 	Lstat(name string) (os.FileInfo, error)
+	MapFilename(filename string) string
 
 	Join(elem ...string) string
 	Separator() string
@@ -33,5 +34,4 @@ type File interface {
 	Readdir(int) ([]os.FileInfo, error)
 	Seek(int64, int) (int64, error)
 	Stat() (os.FileInfo, error)
-	Name() string
 }