certificates/authority/linkedca.go

package authority

import (
	"context"
	"crypto"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"crypto/tls"
	"crypto/x509"
	"encoding/hex"
	"encoding/pem"
	"fmt"
	"net/url"
	"regexp"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/pkg/errors"
	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"

	"go.step.sm/crypto/jose"
	"go.step.sm/crypto/keyutil"
	"go.step.sm/crypto/tlsutil"
	"go.step.sm/crypto/x509util"
	"go.step.sm/linkedca"

	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/admin"
	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/provisioner"
	"github.com/smallstep/certificates/db"
)

const uuidPattern = "^[a-fA-F0-9]{8}-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}-[a-fA-F0-9]{12}$"

type linkedCaClient struct {
	renewer     *tlsutil.Renewer
	client      linkedca.MajordomoClient
	authorityID string
}

// interface guard
var _ admin.DB = (*linkedCaClient)(nil)

type linkedCAClaims struct {
	jose.Claims
	SANs []string `json:"sans"`
	SHA  string   `json:"sha"`
}

func newLinkedCAClient(token string) (*linkedCaClient, error) {
	tok, err := jose.ParseSigned(token)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error parsing token")
	}

	var claims linkedCAClaims
	if err := tok.UnsafeClaimsWithoutVerification(&claims); err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error parsing token")
	}
	// Validate claims
	if len(claims.Audience) != 1 {
		return nil, errors.New("error parsing token: invalid aud claim")
	}
	if claims.SHA == "" {
		return nil, errors.New("error parsing token: invalid sha claim")
	}
	// Get linkedCA endpoint from audience.
	u, err := url.Parse(claims.Audience[0])
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.New("error parsing token: invalid aud claim")
	}
	// Get authority from SANs
	authority, err := getAuthority(claims.SANs)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Create csr to login with
	signer, err := keyutil.GenerateDefaultSigner()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	csr, err := x509util.CreateCertificateRequest(claims.Subject, claims.SANs, signer)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Get and verify root certificate
	root, err := getRootCertificate(u.Host, claims.SHA)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	pool := x509.NewCertPool()
	pool.AddCert(root)

	// Login with majordomo and get certificates
	cert, tlsConfig, err := login(authority, token, csr, signer, u.Host, pool)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Start TLS renewer and set the GetClientCertificate callback to it.
	renewer, err := tlsutil.NewRenewer(cert, tlsConfig, func() (*tls.Certificate, *tls.Config, error) {
		return login(authority, token, csr, signer, u.Host, pool)
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	tlsConfig.GetClientCertificate = renewer.GetClientCertificate

	// Start mTLS client
	conn, err := grpc.Dial(u.Host, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(credentials.NewTLS(tlsConfig)))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error connecting %s", u.Host)
	}

	return &linkedCaClient{
		renewer:     renewer,
		client:      linkedca.NewMajordomoClient(conn),
		authorityID: authority,
	}, nil
}

// IsLinkedCA is a sentinel function that can be used to
// check if a linkedCaClient is the underlying type of an
// admin.DB interface.
func (c *linkedCaClient) IsLinkedCA() bool {
	return true
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) Run() {
	c.renewer.Run()
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) Stop() {
	c.renewer.Stop()
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) CreateProvisioner(ctx context.Context, prov *linkedca.Provisioner) error {
	resp, err := c.client.CreateProvisioner(ctx, &linkedca.CreateProvisionerRequest{
		Type:         prov.Type,
		Name:         prov.Name,
		Details:      prov.Details,
		Claims:       prov.Claims,
		X509Template: prov.X509Template,
		SshTemplate:  prov.SshTemplate,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "error creating provisioner")
	}
	prov.Id = resp.Id
	prov.AuthorityId = resp.AuthorityId
	return nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) GetProvisioner(ctx context.Context, id string) (*linkedca.Provisioner, error) {
	resp, err := c.client.GetProvisioner(ctx, &linkedca.GetProvisionerRequest{
		Id: id,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error getting provisioners")
	}
	return resp, nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) GetProvisioners(ctx context.Context) ([]*linkedca.Provisioner, error) {
	resp, err := c.GetConfiguration(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp.Provisioners, nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) GetConfiguration(ctx context.Context) (*linkedca.ConfigurationResponse, error) {
	resp, err := c.client.GetConfiguration(ctx, &linkedca.ConfigurationRequest{
		AuthorityId: c.authorityID,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error getting configuration")
	}
	return resp, nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) UpdateProvisioner(ctx context.Context, prov *linkedca.Provisioner) error {
	_, err := c.client.UpdateProvisioner(ctx, &linkedca.UpdateProvisionerRequest{
		Id:           prov.Id,
		Name:         prov.Name,
		Details:      prov.Details,
		Claims:       prov.Claims,
		X509Template: prov.X509Template,
		SshTemplate:  prov.SshTemplate,
	})
	return errors.Wrap(err, "error updating provisioner")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) DeleteProvisioner(ctx context.Context, id string) error {
	_, err := c.client.DeleteProvisioner(ctx, &linkedca.DeleteProvisionerRequest{
		Id: id,
	})
	return errors.Wrap(err, "error deleting provisioner")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) CreateAdmin(ctx context.Context, adm *linkedca.Admin) error {
	resp, err := c.client.CreateAdmin(ctx, &linkedca.CreateAdminRequest{
		Subject:       adm.Subject,
		ProvisionerId: adm.ProvisionerId,
		Type:          adm.Type,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "error creating admin")
	}
	adm.Id = resp.Id
	adm.AuthorityId = resp.AuthorityId
	return nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) GetAdmin(ctx context.Context, id string) (*linkedca.Admin, error) {
	resp, err := c.client.GetAdmin(ctx, &linkedca.GetAdminRequest{
		Id: id,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error getting admins")
	}
	return resp, nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) GetAdmins(ctx context.Context) ([]*linkedca.Admin, error) {
	resp, err := c.GetConfiguration(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return resp.Admins, nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) UpdateAdmin(ctx context.Context, adm *linkedca.Admin) error {
	_, err := c.client.UpdateAdmin(ctx, &linkedca.UpdateAdminRequest{
		Id:   adm.Id,
		Type: adm.Type,
	})
	return errors.Wrap(err, "error updating admin")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) DeleteAdmin(ctx context.Context, id string) error {
	_, err := c.client.DeleteAdmin(ctx, &linkedca.DeleteAdminRequest{
		Id: id,
	})
	return errors.Wrap(err, "error deleting admin")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) GetCertificateData(serial string) (*db.CertificateData, error) {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	resp, err := c.client.GetCertificate(ctx, &linkedca.GetCertificateRequest{
		Serial: serial,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	var pd *db.ProvisionerData
	if p := resp.Provisioner; p != nil {
		pd = &db.ProvisionerData{
			ID: p.Id, Name: p.Name, Type: p.Type.String(),
		}
	}

	var raInfo *provisioner.RAInfo
	if p := resp.RaProvisioner; p != nil && p.Provisioner != nil {
		raInfo = &provisioner.RAInfo{
			AuthorityID:     p.AuthorityId,
			ProvisionerID:   p.Provisioner.Id,
			ProvisionerType: p.Provisioner.Type.String(),
			ProvisionerName: p.Provisioner.Name,
		}
	}

	return &db.CertificateData{
		Provisioner: pd,
		RaInfo:      raInfo,
	}, nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) StoreCertificateChain(p provisioner.Interface, fullchain ...*x509.Certificate) error {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	raProvisioner, endpointID := createRegistrationAuthorityProvisioner(p)
	_, err := c.client.PostCertificate(ctx, &linkedca.CertificateRequest{
		PemCertificate:      serializeCertificateChain(fullchain[0]),
		PemCertificateChain: serializeCertificateChain(fullchain[1:]...),
		Provisioner:         createProvisionerIdentity(p),
		AttestationData:     createAttestationData(p),
		RaProvisioner:       raProvisioner,
		EndpointId:          endpointID,
	})
	return errors.Wrap(err, "error posting certificate")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) StoreRenewedCertificate(parent *x509.Certificate, fullchain ...*x509.Certificate) error {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	_, err := c.client.PostCertificate(ctx, &linkedca.CertificateRequest{
		PemCertificate:       serializeCertificateChain(fullchain[0]),
		PemCertificateChain:  serializeCertificateChain(fullchain[1:]...),
		PemParentCertificate: serializeCertificateChain(parent),
	})
	return errors.Wrap(err, "error posting renewed certificate")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) StoreSSHCertificate(p provisioner.Interface, crt *ssh.Certificate) error {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	_, err := c.client.PostSSHCertificate(ctx, &linkedca.SSHCertificateRequest{
		Certificate: string(ssh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(crt)),
		Provisioner: createProvisionerIdentity(p),
	})
	return errors.Wrap(err, "error posting ssh certificate")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) StoreRenewedSSHCertificate(p provisioner.Interface, parent, crt *ssh.Certificate) error {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	_, err := c.client.PostSSHCertificate(ctx, &linkedca.SSHCertificateRequest{
		Certificate:       string(ssh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(crt)),
		ParentCertificate: string(ssh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(parent)),
		Provisioner:       createProvisionerIdentity(p),
	})
	return errors.Wrap(err, "error posting renewed ssh certificate")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) Revoke(crt *x509.Certificate, rci *db.RevokedCertificateInfo) error {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	_, err := c.client.RevokeCertificate(ctx, &linkedca.RevokeCertificateRequest{
		Serial:         rci.Serial,
		PemCertificate: serializeCertificate(crt),
		Reason:         rci.Reason,
		ReasonCode:     linkedca.RevocationReasonCode(rci.ReasonCode),
		Passive:        true,
	})

	return errors.Wrap(err, "error revoking certificate")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) RevokeSSH(cert *ssh.Certificate, rci *db.RevokedCertificateInfo) error {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	_, err := c.client.RevokeSSHCertificate(ctx, &linkedca.RevokeSSHCertificateRequest{
		Serial:      rci.Serial,
		Certificate: serializeSSHCertificate(cert),
		Reason:      rci.Reason,
		ReasonCode:  linkedca.RevocationReasonCode(rci.ReasonCode),
		Passive:     true,
	})

	return errors.Wrap(err, "error revoking ssh certificate")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) IsRevoked(serial string) (bool, error) {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	resp, err := c.client.GetCertificateStatus(ctx, &linkedca.GetCertificateStatusRequest{
		Serial: serial,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return false, errors.Wrap(err, "error getting certificate status")
	}
	return resp.Status != linkedca.RevocationStatus_ACTIVE, nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) IsSSHRevoked(serial string) (bool, error) {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	resp, err := c.client.GetSSHCertificateStatus(ctx, &linkedca.GetSSHCertificateStatusRequest{
		Serial: serial,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return false, errors.Wrap(err, "error getting certificate status")
	}
	return resp.Status != linkedca.RevocationStatus_ACTIVE, nil
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) CreateAuthorityPolicy(ctx context.Context, policy *linkedca.Policy) error {
	return errors.New("not implemented yet")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) GetAuthorityPolicy(ctx context.Context) (*linkedca.Policy, error) {
	return nil, errors.New("not implemented yet")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) UpdateAuthorityPolicy(ctx context.Context, policy *linkedca.Policy) error {
	return errors.New("not implemented yet")
}

func (c *linkedCaClient) DeleteAuthorityPolicy(ctx context.Context) error {
	return errors.New("not implemented yet")
}

func createProvisionerIdentity(p provisioner.Interface) *linkedca.ProvisionerIdentity {
	if p == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return &linkedca.ProvisionerIdentity{
		Id:   p.GetID(),
		Type: linkedca.Provisioner_Type(p.GetType()),
		Name: p.GetName(),
	}
}

func createRegistrationAuthorityProvisioner(p provisioner.Interface) (*linkedca.RegistrationAuthorityProvisioner, string) {
	if rap, ok := p.(raProvisioner); ok {
		if info := rap.RAInfo(); info != nil {
			typ := linkedca.Provisioner_Type_value[strings.ToUpper(info.ProvisionerType)]
			return &linkedca.RegistrationAuthorityProvisioner{
				AuthorityId: info.AuthorityID,
				Provisioner: &linkedca.ProvisionerIdentity{
					Id:   info.ProvisionerID,
					Type: linkedca.Provisioner_Type(typ),
					Name: info.ProvisionerName,
				},
			}, info.EndpointID
		}
	}
	return nil, ""
}

func createAttestationData(p provisioner.Interface) *linkedca.AttestationData {
	if ap, ok := p.(attProvisioner); ok {
		if data := ap.AttestationData(); data != nil {
			return &linkedca.AttestationData{
				PermanentIdentifier: data.PermanentIdentifier,
			}
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func serializeCertificate(crt *x509.Certificate) string {
	if crt == nil {
		return ""
	}
	return string(pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{
		Type:  "CERTIFICATE",
		Bytes: crt.Raw,
	}))
}

func serializeCertificateChain(fullchain ...*x509.Certificate) string {
	var chain string
	for _, crt := range fullchain {
		chain += string(pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{
			Type:  "CERTIFICATE",
			Bytes: crt.Raw,
		}))
	}
	return chain
}

func serializeSSHCertificate(crt *ssh.Certificate) string {
	if crt == nil {
		return ""
	}
	return string(ssh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(crt))
}

func getAuthority(sans []string) (string, error) {
	for _, s := range sans {
		if strings.HasPrefix(s, "urn:smallstep:authority:") {
			if regexp.MustCompile(uuidPattern).MatchString(s[24:]) {
				return s[24:], nil
			}
		}
	}
	return "", fmt.Errorf("error parsing token: invalid sans claim")
}

// getRootCertificate creates an insecure majordomo client and returns the
// verified root certificate.
func getRootCertificate(endpoint, fingerprint string) (*x509.Certificate, error) {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
	defer cancel()

	conn, err := grpc.DialContext(ctx, endpoint, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(credentials.NewTLS(&tls.Config{
		//nolint:gosec // used in bootstrap protocol
		InsecureSkipVerify: true, // lgtm[go/disabled-certificate-check]
	})))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error connecting %s", endpoint)
	}

	ctx, cancel = context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	client := linkedca.NewMajordomoClient(conn)
	resp, err := client.GetRootCertificate(ctx, &linkedca.GetRootCertificateRequest{
		Fingerprint: fingerprint,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error getting root certificate: %w", err)
	}

	var block *pem.Block
	b := []byte(resp.PemCertificate)
	for len(b) > 0 {
		block, b = pem.Decode(b)
		if block == nil {
			break
		}
		if block.Type != "CERTIFICATE" || len(block.Headers) != 0 {
			continue
		}

		cert, err := x509.ParseCertificate(block.Bytes)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing certificate: %w", err)
		}

		// verify the sha256
		sum := sha256.Sum256(cert.Raw)
		if !strings.EqualFold(fingerprint, hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])) {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error verifying certificate: SHA256 fingerprint does not match")
		}

		return cert, nil
	}

	return nil, fmt.Errorf("error getting root certificate: certificate not found")
}

// login creates a new majordomo client with just the root ca pool and returns
// the signed certificate and tls configuration.
func login(authority, token string, csr *x509.CertificateRequest, signer crypto.PrivateKey, endpoint string, rootCAs *x509.CertPool) (*tls.Certificate, *tls.Config, error) {
	// Connect to majordomo
	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
	defer cancel()

	conn, err := grpc.DialContext(ctx, endpoint, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(credentials.NewTLS(&tls.Config{
		MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12,
		RootCAs:    rootCAs,
	})))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error connecting %s", endpoint)
	}

	// Login to get the signed certificate
	ctx, cancel = context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	client := linkedca.NewMajordomoClient(conn)
	resp, err := client.Login(ctx, &linkedca.LoginRequest{
		AuthorityId: authority,
		Token:       token,
		PemCertificateRequest: string(pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{
			Type:  "CERTIFICATE REQUEST",
			Bytes: csr.Raw,
		})),
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error logging in %s", endpoint)
	}

	// Parse login response
	var block *pem.Block
	var bundle []*x509.Certificate
	rest := []byte(resp.PemCertificateChain)
	for {
		block, rest = pem.Decode(rest)
		if block == nil {
			break
		}
		if block.Type != "CERTIFICATE" {
			return nil, nil, errors.New("error decoding login response: pemCertificateChain is not a certificate bundle")
		}
		crt, err := x509.ParseCertificate(block.Bytes)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error parsing login response")
		}
		bundle = append(bundle, crt)
	}
	if len(bundle) == 0 {
		return nil, nil, errors.New("error decoding login response: pemCertificateChain should not be empty")
	}

	// Build tls.Certificate with PemCertificate and intermediates in the
	// PemCertificateChain
	cert := &tls.Certificate{
		PrivateKey: signer,
	}
	rest = []byte(resp.PemCertificate)
	for {
		block, rest = pem.Decode(rest)
		if block == nil {
			break
		}
		if block.Type == "CERTIFICATE" {
			leaf, err := x509.ParseCertificate(block.Bytes)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error parsing pemCertificate")
			}
			cert.Certificate = append(cert.Certificate, block.Bytes)
			cert.Leaf = leaf
		}
	}

	// Add intermediates to the tls.Certificate
	last := len(bundle) - 1
	for i := 0; i < last; i++ {
		cert.Certificate = append(cert.Certificate, bundle[i].Raw)
	}

	// Add root to the pool if it's not there yet
	rootCAs.AddCert(bundle[last])

	return cert, &tls.Config{
		MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12,
		RootCAs:    rootCAs,
	}, nil
}