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28
CONTRIBUTING.md
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@ -90,31 +90,3 @@ It's mandatory to:
Complying to these simple rules will greatly accelerate the review process, and will ensure you have a pleasant experience in contributing code to the Registry. Complying to these simple rules will greatly accelerate the review process, and will ensure you have a pleasant experience in contributing code to the Registry.
Have a look at a great, succesful contribution: the [Ceph driver PR](https://github.com/docker/distribution/pull/443) Have a look at a great, succesful contribution: the [Ceph driver PR](https://github.com/docker/distribution/pull/443)
## Issue and PR labels
To keep track of the state of issues and PRs, we've adopted a set of simple labels. The following are currently in use:
<dl>
<dt><a href="https://github.com/docker/distribution/issues?q=is%3Aopen+-label%3AReady+-label%3A%22In+Progress%22+-label%3A%22Blocked%22">Backlog</a></dt>
<dd>Issues marked with this label are considered not yet ready for implementation. Either they are untriaged or require futher detail to proceed.</dd>
<dt><a href="https://github.com/docker/distribution/labels/Blocked">Blocked</a></dt>
<dd>If an issue requires further clarification or is blocked on an unresolved dependency, this label should be used.</dd>
<dt><a href="https://github.com/docker/distribution/labels/Sprint">Sprint</a></dt>
<dd>Issues marked with this label are being worked in the current sprint. All required information should be available and design details have been worked out.</dd>
<dt><a href="https://github.com/docker/distribution/labels/In%20Progress">In Progress</a></dt>
<dd>The issue or PR is being actively worked on by the assignee.</dd>
<dt><a href="https://github.com/docker/distribution/issues?q=is%3Aclosed">Done</a></dt>
<dd>Issues marked with this label are complete. This can be considered a psuedo-label, in that if it is closed, it is considered "Done".</dd>
</dl>
If an issue or PR is not labeled correctly or you believe it is not in the right state, please contact a maintainer to fix the problem.
## Milestones
Issues and PRs should be assigned to relevant milestones. If an issue or PR is assigned a milestone, it should be available by that date. Depending on level of effort, items may be shuffled in or out of milestones. Issues or PRs that don't have a milestone are considered unscheduled. Typically, "In Progress" issues should have a milestone.

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docs/authentication.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
<!--GITHUB
page_title: Authentication for the Registry
page_description: Restricting access to your registry
page_keywords: registry, service, images, repository, authentication
IGNORES-->
# Authentication
While running an unrestricted registry is certainly ok for development, secured local networks, or test setups, you should probably implement access restriction if you plan on making your registry available to a wider audience or through public internet.
The Registry supports two different authentication methods to get your there:
* direct authentication, through the use of a proxy
* delegated authentication, redirecting to a trusted token server
The first method is recommended for most people as the most straight-forward solution.
The second method requires significantly more investment, and only make sense if you want to fully configure ACLs and more control over the Registry integration into your global authorization and authentication systems.
## Direct authentication through a proxy
With this method, you implement basic authentication in a reverse proxy that sits in front of your registry.
Since the Docker engine uses basic authentication to negociate access to the Registry, securing communication between docker engines and your proxy is absolutely paramount.
While this model gives you the ability to use whatever authentication backend you want through a secondary authentication mechanism implemented inside your proxy, it also requires that you move TLS termination from the Registry to the proxy itself.
Below is a simple example of secured basic authentication (using TLS), using nginx as a proxy.
### Requirements
You should have followed entirely the basic [deployment guide](deployement.md).
If you have not, please take the time to do so.
At this point, it's assumed that:
* you understand Docker security requirements, and how to configure your docker engines properly
* you have installed Docker Compose
* you have a `domain.crt` and `domain.key` files, for the CN `myregistrydomain.com` (or whatever domain name you want to use)
* these files are located inside the current directory, and there is nothing else in that directory
* it's HIGHLY recommended that you get a certificate from a known CA instead of self-signed certificates
* be sure you have stopped and removed any previously running registry (typically `docker stop registry && docker rm registry`)
### Setting things up
Read again the requirements.
Ready?
Run the following:
```
mkdir auth
mkdir data
# This is the main nginx configuration you will use
cat <<EOF > auth/registry.conf
upstream docker-registry {
server registry:5000;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name myregistrydomain.com;
# SSL
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/conf.d/domain.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/conf.d/domain.key;
# disable any limits to avoid HTTP 413 for large image uploads
client_max_body_size 0;
# required to avoid HTTP 411: see Issue #1486 (https://github.com/docker/docker/issues/1486)
chunked_transfer_encoding on;
location /v2/ {
# Do not allow connections from docker 1.5 and earlier
# docker pre-1.6.0 did not properly set the user agent on ping, catch "Go *" user agents
if (\$http_user_agent ~ "^(docker\/1\.(3|4|5(?!\.[0-9]-dev))|Go ).*\$" ) {
return 404;
}
# To add basic authentication to v2 use auth_basic setting plus add_header
auth_basic "registry.localhost";
auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/conf.d/registry.password;
add_header 'Docker-Distribution-Api-Version' 'registry/2.0' always;
proxy_pass http://docker-registry;
proxy_set_header Host \$http_host; # required for docker client's sake
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP \$remote_addr; # pass on real client's IP
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For \$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto \$scheme;
proxy_read_timeout 900;
}
}
EOF
# Now, create a password file for "testuser" and "testpassword"
echo 'testuser:$2y$05$.nIfPAEgpWCh.rpts/XHX.UOfCRNtvMmYjh6sY/AZBmeg/dQyN62q' > auth/registry.password
# Alternatively you could have achieved the same thing with htpasswd
# htpasswd -Bbc auth/registry.password testuser testpassword
# Copy over your certificate files
cp domain.crt auth
cp domain.key auth
# Now create your compose file
cat <<EOF > docker-compose.yml
nginx:
image: "nginx:1.9"
ports:
- 5043:443
links:
- registry:registry
volumes:
- `pwd`/auth/:/etc/nginx/conf.d
registry:
image: registry:2
ports:
- 127.0.0.1:5000:5000
environment:
REGISTRY_STORAGE_FILESYSTEM_ROOTDIRECTORY: /data
volumes:
- `pwd`/data:/data
EOF
```
### Starting and stopping
That's it. You can now:
* `docker-compose up -d` to start your registry
* `docker login myregistrydomain.com:5043` (using `testuser` and `testpassword`)
* `docker tag ubuntu myregistrydomain.com:5043/toto`
* `docker push myregistrydomain.com:5043/toto`
### Docker still complains about the certificate?
That's certainly because you are using a self-signed certificate, despite the warnings.
If you really insist on using these, you have to trust it at the OS level.
Usually, on Ubuntu this is done with:
```
cp auth/domain.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/myregistrydomain.com.crt
update-ca-certificates
```
... and on RedHat with:
```
cp auth/domain.crt /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/myregistrydomain.com.crt
update-ca-trust
```
Now:
* `service docker stop && docker service start` (or any other way you use to restart docker)
* `docker-compose up -d` to bring your registry up
## Token-based delegated authentication
This is **advanced**.
You will find [background information here](spec/auth/token.md), [configuration information here](configuration.md#auth).
Beware that you will have to implement your own authentication service for this to work (though there exist third-party open-source implementations).

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docs/configuration.md
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@ -1,15 +1,45 @@
<!--GITHUB <!--GITHUB
page_title: Configure a Registry page_title: Configure a Registry
page_description: Explains how to deploy a registry page_description: Explains how to configure a registry
page_keywords: registry, service, images, repository page_keywords: registry, service, images, repository, configuration
IGNORES--> IGNORES-->
# Registry Configuration Reference # Registry Configuration Reference
You configure a registry server using a YAML file. This page explains the The Registry configuration is based on a YAML file, detailed below. While it comes with sane default values out of the box, you are heavily encouraged to review it exhaustively before moving your systems to production.
configuration options and the values they can take. You'll also find examples of
middleware and development environment configurations. ## Override configuration options
In a typical setup where you run your Registry from the official image, you can specify any configuration variable from the environment by passing `-e` arguments to your `docker run` stanza, or from within a Dockerfile using the `ENV` instruction.
To override a configuration option, create an environment variable named
`REGISTRY_variable` where *`variable`* is the name of the configuration option
and the `_` (underscore) represents indention levels. For example, you can
configure the `rootdirectory` of the `filesystem` storage backend:
```
storage:
filesystem:
rootdirectory: /tmp/registry-dev
```
To override this value, set an environment variable like this:
```
REGISTRY_STORAGE_FILESYSTEM_ROOTDIRECTORY=/tmp/registry/test
```
This variable overrides the `/tmp/registry-dev` value to the `/tmp/registry/test`
directory.
>**Note**: If an environment variable changes a map value into a string, such
>as replacing the storage driver type with `REGISTRY_STORAGE=filesystem`, then
>all sub-fields will be erased. As such, specifying the storage type in the
>environment will remove all parameters related to the old storage
>configuration.
## List of configuration options ## List of configuration options
@ -42,7 +72,7 @@ log:
loglevel: debug # deprecated: use "log" loglevel: debug # deprecated: use "log"
storage: storage:
filesystem: filesystem:
rootdirectory: /tmp/registry rootdirectory: /tmp/registry-dev
azure: azure:
accountname: accountname accountname: accountname
accountkey: base64encodedaccountkey accountkey: base64encodedaccountkey
@ -142,38 +172,6 @@ options marked as **required**. This indicates that you can omit the parent with
all its children. However, if the parent is included, you must also include all all its children. However, if the parent is included, you must also include all
the children marked **required**. the children marked **required**.
## Override configuration options
You can use environment variables to override most configuration parameters. The
exception is the `version` variable which cannot be overridden. You can set
environment variables on the command line using the `-e` flag on `docker run` or
from within a Dockerfile using the `ENV` instruction.
To override a configuration option, create an environment variable named
`REGISTRY\variable_` where *`variable`* is the name of the configuration option
and the `_` (underscore) represents indention levels. For example, you can
configure the `rootdirectory` of the `filesystem` storage backend:
```
storage:
filesystem:
rootdirectory: /tmp/registry
```
To override this value, set an environment variable like this:
```
REGISTRY_STORAGE_FILESYSTEM_ROOTDIRECTORY=/tmp/registry/test
```
This variable overrides the `/tmp/registry` value to the `/tmp/registry/test`
directory.
>**Note**: If an environment variable changes a map value into a string, such
>as replacing the storage driver type with `REGISTRY_STORAGE=filesystem`, then
>all sub-fields will be erased. As such, specifying the storage type in the
>environment will remove all parameters related to the old storage
>configuration.
## version ## version
@ -604,8 +602,7 @@ auth:
rootcertbundle: /root/certs/bundle rootcertbundle: /root/certs/bundle
``` ```
The `auth` option is **optional** as there are use cases (i.e. a mirror that The `auth` option is **optional**. There are
only permits pulls) for which authentication may not be desired. There are
currently 2 possible auth providers, `silly` and `token`. You can configure only currently 2 possible auth providers, `silly` and `token`. You can configure only
one `auth` provider. one `auth` provider.

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docs/deploying.md
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@ -1,578 +1,150 @@
<!--GITHUB <!--GITHUB
page_title: Deploying a registry server page_title: Deploying a registry server
page_description: Explains how to deploy a registry server page_description: Explains how to deploy a registry server
page_keywords: registry, service, images, repository page_keywords: registry, service, images, repository, deploy
IGNORES--> IGNORES-->
# Deploying a registry server # Deploying a registry server
This section explains how to deploy a Docker Registry either privately You obviously need to [install Docker](https://docs.docker.com/installation/) (remember you need **Docker version 1.6.0 or newer**).
for your own company or publicly for other users. For example, your company may
require a private registry to support your continuous integration (CI) system as
it builds new releases or test servers. Alternatively, your company may have a
large number of products or services with images you wish to serve in a branded
manner.
Docker's public registry maintains a default `registry` image to assist you in the ## Getting started in 2 lines
deployment process. This registry image is sufficient for running local tests
but is insufficient for production. For production you should configure and
build your own custom registry image from the `docker/distribution` code.
>**Note**: The examples on this page were written and tested using Ubuntu 14.04. Create a folder for your registry data:
>If you are running Docker in a different OS, you may need to "translate"
>the commands to meet the requirements of your own environment. $ mkdir registry-data
Start your registry:
$ docker run -d -p 5000:5000 \
-v `pwd`/registry-data:/tmp/registry-dev \
--restart=always --name registry registry:2
That's it.
You can now tag an image and push it:
$ docker pull ubuntu && docker tag ubuntu localhost:5000/batman/ubuntu
$ docker push localhost:5000/batman/ubuntu
Then pull it back:
$ docker pull localhost:5000/batman/ubuntu
## Simple example with the official image ## Making your Registry available
In this section, you create a container running Docker's official registry Now that your registry works on `localhost`, you probably want to make it available as well to other hosts.
image. You push an image to, and then pull the same image from, this registry.
This a good exercise for understanding the basic interactions a client has with
a local registry.
1. Install Docker. Let assume your registry is accessible via the domain name `myregistrydomain.com` (still on port `5000`).
2. Run the `hello-world` image from the Docker public registry. If you try to `docker pull myregistrydomain.com:5000/batman/ubuntu`, you will see the following error message:
$ docker run hello-world ```
FATA[0000] Error response from daemon: v1 ping attempt failed with error: Get https://myregistrydomain.com:5000/v1/_ping: tls: oversized record received with length 20527. If this private registry supports only HTTP or HTTPS with an unknown CA certificate, please add `--insecure-registry myregistrydomain.com:5000` to the daemon's arguments. In the case of HTTPS, if you have access to the registry's CA certificate, no need for the flag; simply place the CA certificate at /etc/docker/certs.d/myregistrydomain.com:5000/ca.crt
The `run` command automatically pulls a `hello-world` image from Docker's
official images.
3. Start a registry on your localhost.
$ docker run -p 5000:5000 registry:2.0
This starts a registry on your `DOCKER_HOST` running on port `5000`.
3. List your images.
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
registry 2.0 bbf0b6ffe923 3 days ago 545.1 MB
golang 1.4 121a93c90463 5 days ago 514.9 MB
hello-world latest e45a5af57b00 3 months ago 910 B
Your list should include a `hello-world` image from the earlier run.
4. Retag the `hello-world` image for your local repoistory.
$ docker tag hello-world:latest localhost:5000/hello-mine:latest
The command labels a `hello-world:latest` using a new tag in the
`[REGISTRYHOST/]NAME[:TAG]` format. The `REGISTRYHOST` is this case is
`localhost`. In a Mac OSX environment, you'd substitute `$(boot2docker
ip):5000` for the `localhost`.
5. List your new image.
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
registry 2.0 bbf0b6ffe923 3 days ago 545.1 MB
golang 1.4 121a93c90463 5 days ago 514.9 MB
hello-world latest e45a5af57b00 3 months ago 910 B
localhost:5000/hello-mine latest ef5a5gf57b01 3 months ago 910 B
You should see your new image in your listing.
6. Push this new image to your local registry.
$ docker push localhost:5000/hello-mine:latest
The push refers to a repository [localhost:5000/hello-mine] (len: 1)
e45a5af57b00: Image already exists
31cbccb51277: Image successfully pushed
511136ea3c5a: Image already exists
Digest: sha256:a1b13bc01783882434593119198938b9b9ef2bd32a0a246f16ac99b01383ef7a
7. Use the `curl` command and the Docker Registry API v2 to list your
image in the registry:
$ curl -v -X GET http://localhost:5000/v2/hello-mine/tags/list
* Hostname was NOT found in DNS cache
* Trying 127.0.0.1...
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 5000 (#0)
> GET /v2/hello-mine/tags/list HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.35.0
> Host: localhost:5000
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
< Docker-Distribution-Api-Version: registry/2.0
< Date: Sun, 12 Apr 2015 01:29:47 GMT
< Content-Length: 40
<
{"name":"hello-mine","tags":["latest"]}
* Connection #0 to host localhost left intact
You can also get this information by entering the
`http://localhost:5000/v2/hello-mine/tags/list` address in your browser.
8. Remove all the unused images from your local environment:
$ docker rmi -f $(docker images -q -a )
This command is for illustrative purposes; removing the image forces any `run`
to pull from a registry rather than a local cache. If you run `docker images`
after this you should not see any instance of `hello-world` or `hello-mine` in
your images list.
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
registry 2.0 bbf0b6ffe923 3 days ago 545.1 MB
golang 1.4 121a93c90463 5 days ago 514.9 MB
9. Try running `hello-mine`.
$ docker run hello-mine
Unable to find image 'hello-mine:latest' locally
Pulling repository hello-mine
FATA[0001] Error: image library/hello-mine:latest not found
The `run` command fails because your new image doesn't exist in the Docker public
registry.
10. Now, try running the image but specifying the image's registry:
$ docker run localhost:5000/hello-mine
If you run `docker images` after this you'll fine a `hello-mine` instance.
### Making Docker's official registry image production ready
Docker's official image is for simple tests or debugging. Its configuration is
unsuitable for most production instances. For example, any client with access to
the server's IP can push and pull images to it. See the next section for
information on making this image production ready.
## Understand production deployment
The Docker Registry 2.0 only accepts connections from a Docker client that is
version 1.6.0 or newer. This means, for example, if you are deploying in a
environment with 1.5.X clients you'll need to either upgrade them or deploy an
older version of the Docker Registry to support them. For information on how to
do this, see [Configure Nginx with a v1 and v2
registry](#configure-nginx-with-a-v1-and-v2-registry) on this page.
When deploying a registry for a production deployment you should consider these
key factors:
<table>
<tr>
<th align="left">
backend storage
</th>
<td>
Where should you store the images?
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="left">
access and/or authentication
</th>
<td>
Should users have full or controlled access? This can depend on whether
you are serving images to the public or internally to your company only.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="left">
debugging
</th>
<td>
When problems or issues arise, do you have the means of solving them. Logs
are useful as is reporting to see trends.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th align="left">
caching
</th>
<td>
Quickly retrieving images can be crucial if you are relying on images for
tests, builds, or other automated systems.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
You can configure your registry features to adjust for these factors. You do
this by specifying options on the command line or, more typically, by writing a
registry configuration file. The configuration file is in YAML format.
Docker's official repository image is preconfigured using the following
configuration file:
```yaml
version: 0.1
log:
level: debug
fields:
service: registry
environment: development
storage:
cache:
blobdescriptor: inmemory
filesystem:
rootdirectory: /tmp/registry-dev
maintenance:
uploadpurging:
enabled: false
http:
addr: :5000
secret: asecretforlocaldevelopment
debug:
addr: localhost:5001
redis:
addr: localhost:6379
pool:
maxidle: 16
maxactive: 64
idletimeout: 300s
dialtimeout: 10ms
readtimeout: 10ms
writetimeout: 10ms
notifications:
endpoints:
- name: local-8082
url: http://localhost:5003/callback
headers:
Authorization: [Bearer <an example token>]
timeout: 1s
threshold: 10
backoff: 1s
disabled: true
- name: local-8083
url: http://localhost:8083/callback
timeout: 1s
threshold: 10
backoff: 1s
disabled: true
``` ```
This configuration is very basic and you can see it would present some problems If trying to reach a non `localhost` registry, Docker requires that you secure it using https, or make it explicit that you want to run an insecure registry.
in a production environment. For example, the `http` section details the configuration for
the HTTP server that hosts the registry. The server is not using even the most
minimal transport layer security (TLS). Let's configure that in the next section.
## Configure TLS on a registry server You basically have three different options to comply with that security requirement here.
In this section, you configure TLS on the server to enable communication through ### 1. buy a SSL certificate for your domain
the `https` protocol. Enabling TLS on the server is the minimum layer of
security recommended for running a registry behind a corporate firewall. One way
to do this is to build your own registry image.
### Download the source and generate certificates This is the (highly) recommended solution.
1. [Download the registry You can buy a certificate for as cheap as 10$ a year (some registrars even offer certificates for free), and this will save you a lot of trouble.
source](https://github.com/docker/distribution/releases/tag/v2.0.0).
Alternatively, use the `git clone` command if you are more comfortable with that. Assuming you now have a `domain.crt` and `domain.key` inside a directory named `certs`:
2. Unpack the the downloaded package into a local directory. ```
# Stop your registry
docker stop registry && docker rm registry
The package creates a `distribution` directory. # Start your registry with TLS enabled
docker run -d -p 5000:5000 \
-v `pwd`/registry-data:/tmp/registry-dev \
-v `pwd`/certs:/certs \
-e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE=/certs/domain.crt \
-e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY=/certs/domain.key \
--restart=always --name registry \
registry:2
```
3. Change to the root of the new `distribution` directory. **Pros:**
$ cd distribution - best solution
- work without further ado (assuming you bought your certificate from a CA that is trusted by your operating system)
4. Make a `certs` subdirectory. **Cons:**
$ mkdir certs
5. Use SSL to generate some self-signed certificates.
$ openssl req \
-newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -sha256 -keyout certs/domain.key \
-x509 -days 365 -out certs/domain.crt
This command prompts you for basic information it needs to create the certificates.
6. List the contents of the `certs` directory.
$ ls certs - ?
domain.crt domain.key
When you build this container, the `certs` directory and its contents ### 2. instruct docker to trust your registry as insecure
automatically get copied also.
### Add TLS to the configuration
The `distribution` repo includes sample registry configurations in the `cmd` This basically tells Docker to entirely disregard security for your registry.
subdirectory. In this section, you edit one of these configurations to add TLS
support.
1. Edit the `./cmd/registry/config.yml` file.
$ vi ./cmd/registry/config.yml 1. edit the file `/etc/default/docker` so that there is a line that reads: `DOCKER_OPTS="--insecure-registry myregistrydomain.com:5000"` (or add that to existing `DOCKER_OPTS`). Restart docker.
2. restart your Docker daemon: on ubuntu, this is usually `service docker stop && service docker start`
2. Locate the `http` block. **Pros:**
http: - easy to configure
addr: :5000
secret: asecretforlocaldevelopment **Cons:**
debug:
addr: localhost:5001 - very insecure
- you have to configure every docker daemon that wants to access your registry
### 3. use a self-signed certificate and configure docker to trust it
3. Add a `tls` block for the server's self-signed certificates: Alternatively, you can generate your own certificate:
http: ```
addr: :5000 mkdir -p certs && openssl req \
secret: asecretforlocaldevelopment -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -sha256 -keyout certs/domain.key \
debug: -x509 -days 365 -out certs/domain.crt
addr: localhost:5001 ```
tls:
certificate: /go/src/github.com/docker/distribution/certs/domain.crt
key: /go/src/github.com/docker/distribution/certs/domain.key
You provide the paths to the certificates in the container. If you want
two-way authentication across the layer, you can add an optional `clientcas`
section.
4. Save and close the file.
Be sure to use the name `myregistrydomain.com` as a CN.
### Build and run your registry image
1. Build your registry image. Now go to solution 1 above and stop and restart your registry.
$ docker build -t secure_registry . Then you have to instruct every docker daemon to trust that certificate. This is done by copying the `domain.crt` file to `/etc/docker/certs.d/myregistrydomain.com:5000/ca.crt` (don't forget to restart docker after doing so).
2. Run your new image.
$ docker run -p 5000:5000 secure_registry:latest **Pros:**
time="2015-04-12T03:06:18.616502588Z" level=info msg="endpoint local-8082 disabled, skipping" environment=development instance.id=bf33c9dc-2564-406b-97c3-6ee69dc20ec6 service=registry
time="2015-04-12T03:06:18.617012948Z" level=info msg="endpoint local-8083 disabled, skipping" environment=development instance.id=bf33c9dc-2564-406b-97c3-6ee69dc20ec6 service=registry
time="2015-04-12T03:06:18.617190113Z" level=info msg="using inmemory blob descriptor cache" environment=development instance.id=bf33c9dc-2564-406b-97c3-6ee69dc20ec6 service=registry
time="2015-04-12T03:06:18.617349067Z" level=info msg="listening on :5000, tls" environment=development instance.id=bf33c9dc-2564-406b-97c3-6ee69dc20ec6 service=registry
time="2015-04-12T03:06:18.628589577Z" level=info msg="debug server listening localhost:5001"
2015/04/12 03:06:28 http: TLS handshake error from 172.17.42.1:44261: remote error: unknown certificate authority
Watch the messages at startup. You should see that `tls` is running.
3. Use `curl` to verify that you can connect over `https`.
$ curl -v https://localhost:5000 - more secure than solution 2
* Rebuilt URL to: https://localhost:5000/
* Hostname was NOT found in DNS cache
* Trying 127.0.0.1...
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 5000 (#0)
* successfully set certificate verify locations:
* CAfile: none
CApath: /etc/ssl/certs
* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Client hello (1):
* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Server hello (2):
* SSLv3, TLS handshake, CERT (11):
* SSLv3, TLS alert, Server hello (2):
* SSL certificate problem: self signed certificate
* Closing connection 0
curl: (60) SSL certificate problem: self signed certificate
More details here: http://curl.haxx.se/docs/sslcerts.html
## Configure Nginx with a v1 and v2 registry
This sections describes how to use `docker-compose` to run a combined version **Cons:**
1 and version 2.0 registry behind an `nginx` proxy. The combined registry is
accessed at `localhost:5000`. If a `docker` client has a version less than 1.6,
Nginx will route its requests to the 1.0 registry. Requests from newer clients
will route to the 2.0 registry.
This procedure uses the same `distribution` directory you created in the last - you have to configure every docker daemon that wants to access your registry
procedure. The directory includes an example `compose` configuration.
### Install Docker Compose ## Using Compose
1. Open a new terminal on the host with your `distribution` directory. It's highly recommended to use [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/) to facilitate managing your Registry configuration.
2. Get the `docker-compose` binary. Here is a simple `docker-compose.yml` that does setup your registry exactly as above, with TLS enabled.
$ sudo wget https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.1.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -O /usr/local/bin/docker-compose ```
registry:
restart: always
image: registry:2
ports:
- 5000:5000
environment:
REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE: /certs/domain.crt
REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY: /certs/domain.key
REGISTRY_STORAGE_FILESYSTEM_ROOTDIRECTORY: /data
volumes:
- /path/registry-data:/data
- /path/certs:/certs
```
This command installs the binary in the `/usr/local/bin` directory. You can then start your registry with a simple
3. Add executable permissions to the binary.
$ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose $ docker-compose up -d
### Do some housekeeping
1. Remove any previous images. ## Next
$ docker rmi -f $(docker images -q -a )
This step is a house keeping step. It prevents you from mistakenly picking up
an old image as you work through this example.
2. Edit the `distribution/cmd/registry/config.yml` file and remove the `tls` block.
If you worked through the previous example, you'll have a `tls` block.
4. Save any changes and close the file.
### Configure SSL
1. Change to the `distribution/contrib/compose/nginx` directory.
This directory contains configuration files for Nginx and both registries.
2. Use SSL to generate some self-signed certificates.
$ openssl req \
-newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -sha256 -keyout domain.key \
-x509 -days 365 -out domain.crt
This command prompts you for basic information it needs to create certificates.
3. Edit the `Dockerfile`and add the following lines.
COPY domain.crt /etc/nginx/domain.crt
COPY domain.key /etc/nginx/domain.key
When you are done, the file looks like the following.
FROM nginx:1.7
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
COPY registry.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/registry.conf
COPY docker-registry.conf /etc/nginx/docker-registry.conf
COPY docker-registry-v2.conf /etc/nginx/docker-registry-v2.conf
COPY domain.crt /etc/nginx/domain.crt
COPY domain.key /etc/nginx/domain.key
4. Save and close the `Dockerfile` file.
5. Edit the `registry.conf` file and add the following configuration.
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/domain.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/domain.key;
This is an `nginx` configuration file.
6. Save and close the `registry.conf` file.
### Build and run
1. Go up to the `distribution/contrib/compose` directory
This directory includes a single `docker-compose.yml` configuration.
nginx:
build: "nginx"
ports:
- "5000:5000"
links:
- registryv1:registryv1
- registryv2:registryv2
registryv1:
image: registry
ports:
- "5000"
registryv2:
build: "../../"
ports:
- "5000"
This configuration builds a new `nginx` image as specified by the
`nginx/Dockerfile` file. The 1.0 registry comes from Docker's official public
image. Finally, the registry 2.0 image is built from the
`distribution/Dockerfile` you've used previously.
2. Get a registry 1.0 image.
$ docker pull registry:0.9.1
The Compose configuration looks for this image locally. If you don't do this
step, later steps can fail.
3. Build `nginx`, the registry 2.0 image, and
$ docker-compose build
registryv1 uses an image, skipping
Building registryv2...
Step 0 : FROM golang:1.4
...
Removing intermediate container 9f5f5068c3f3
Step 4 : COPY docker-registry-v2.conf /etc/nginx/docker-registry-v2.conf
---> 74acc70fa106
Removing intermediate container edb84c2b40cb
Successfully built 74acc70fa106
The commmand outputs its progress until it completes.
4. Start your configuration with compose.
$ docker-compose up
Recreating compose_registryv1_1...
Recreating compose_registryv2_1...
Recreating compose_nginx_1...
Attaching to compose_registryv1_1, compose_registryv2_1, compose_nginx_1
...
5. In another terminal, display the running configuration.
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a81ad2557702 compose_nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 80/tcp, 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp compose_nginx_1
0618437450dd compose_registryv2:latest "registry cmd/regist 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 0.0.0.0:32777->5000/tcp compose_registryv2_1
aa82b1ed8e61 registry:latest "docker-registry" 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 0.0.0.0:32776->5000/tcp compose_registryv1_1
### Explore a bit
1. Check for TLS on your `nginx` server.
$ curl -v https://localhost:5000
* Rebuilt URL to: https://localhost:5000/
* Hostname was NOT found in DNS cache
* Trying 127.0.0.1...
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 5000 (#0)
* successfully set certificate verify locations:
* CAfile: none
CApath: /etc/ssl/certs
* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Client hello (1):
* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Server hello (2):
* SSLv3, TLS handshake, CERT (11):
* SSLv3, TLS alert, Server hello (2):
* SSL certificate problem: self signed certificate
* Closing connection 0
curl: (60) SSL certificate problem: self signed certificate
More details here: http://curl.haxx.se/docs/sslcerts.html
2. Tag the `v1` registry image.
$ docker tag registry:latest localhost:5000/registry_one:latest
2. Push it to the localhost.
$ docker push localhost:5000/registry_one:latest
If you are using the 1.6 Docker client, this pushes the image the `v2 `registry.
4. Use `curl` to list the image in the registry.
$ curl -v -X GET http://localhost:32777/v2/registry_one/tags/list
* Hostname was NOT found in DNS cache
* Trying 127.0.0.1...
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 32777 (#0)
> GET /v2/registry_one/tags/list HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.36.0
> Host: localhost:32777
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
< Docker-Distribution-Api-Version: registry/2.0
< Date: Tue, 14 Apr 2015 22:34:13 GMT
< Content-Length: 39
<
{"name":"registry1","tags":["latest"]}
* Connection #0 to host localhost left intact
This example refers to the specific port assigned to the 2.0 registry. You saw
this port earlier, when you used `docker ps` to show your running containers.
You are now ready to explore [the registry configuration](configuration.md)

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<!--GITHUB
page_title: Distribution glossary
page_description: Provides definition for distribution terms
page_keywords: registry, service, images, repository, distribution, glossary, layer, blob
IGNORES-->
# Glossary # Glossary
This page contains distribution related terms. For a complete Docker glossary, This page contains definitions for distribution related terms.
see the [glossary in the full documentation set](http://docs.docker.com/reference/glossary/).
<dl> <dl>
<dt>Blob</dt> <dt id="blob"><h4>Blob</h4></dt>
<dd> <dd>
The primary unit of registry storage. A string of bytes identified by <blockquote>A blob is any kind of content that is stored by a Registry under a content-addressable identifier (a "digest").</blockquote>
content-address, known as a _digest_. <p>
<a href="#layer">Layers</a> are a good example of "blobs".
</p>
</dd> </dd>
<dt>Image</dt> <dt id="image"><h4>Image</h4></dt>
<dd>An image is a collection of content from which a docker container can be created.</dd>
<dt>Layer</dt>
<dd> <dd>
A tar file representing the partial content of a filesystem. Several <blockquote>An image is a named set of immutable data from which a Docker container can be created.</blockquote>
layers can be "stacked" to make up the root filesystem. <p>
An image is represented by a json file called a <a href="#manifest">manifest</a>, and is conceptually a set of <a hred="#layer">layers</a>.
Image names indicate the location where they can be pulled from and pushed to, as they usually start with a <a href="#registry">registry</a> domain name and port.
</p>
</dd>
<dt id="layer"><h4>Layer</h4></dt>
<dd>
<blockquote>A layer is a tar archive bundling partial content from a filesystem.</blockquote>
<p>
Layers from an <a href="#image">image</a> are usually extracted in order on top of each other to make up a root filesystem from which containers run out.
</p>
</dd> </dd>
<dt>Manifest</dt> <dt id="manifest"><h4>Manifest</h4></dt>
<dd>Describes a collection layers that make up an image.</dd> <dd><blockquote>A manifest is the JSON representation of an image.</blockquote></dd>
<dt>Registry</dt> <dt id="namespace"><h4>Namespace</h4></dt>
<dd>A registry is a service which serves repositories.</dd> <dd><blockquote>A namespace is a collection of repositories with a common name prefix.</blockquote>
<p>
<dt>Repository</dt> The namespace with an empty prefix is considered the Global Namespace.
<dd> </p>
A repository is a collection of docker images, made up of manifests, tags
and layers. The base unit of these components are blobs.
</dd> </dd>
<dt>Tag</dt> <dt id="registry"><h4>Registry</h4></dt>
<dd>Tag provides a common name to an image.</dd> <dd><blockquote>A registry is a service that let you store and deliver <a href="#images">images</a>.</blockquote>
</dd>
<dt>Namespace</dt> <dt id="registry"><h4>Repository</h4></dt>
<dd>A namespace is a collection of repositories with a common name prefix. The <dd>
namespace with an empty common prefix is considered the Global Namespace.</dd> <blockquote>A repository is a set of data containing all versions of a given image.</blockquote>
</dd>
<dt id="scope"><h4>Scope</h4></dt>
<dd><blockquote>A scope is the portion of a namespace onto which a given authorization token is granted.</blockquote></dd>
<dt id="tag"><h4>Tag</h4></dt>
<dd><blockquote>A tag is conceptually a "version" of a <a href="#image">named image</a>.</blockquote>
<p>
Example: `docker pull myimage:latest` instructs docker to pull the image "myimage" in version "latest".
</p>
</dd>
<dt>Scope</dt>
<dd>A common repository name prefix.</dd>
</dl> </dl>

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<!--GITHUB
page_title: Getting help
page_description: Getting help with the Registry
page_keywords: registry, service, images, repository, help
IGNORES-->
# Getting help
If you need help, or just want to chat, you can reach us:
- on irc: `#docker-distribution` on freenode
- on the [mailing list](https://groups.google.com/a/dockerproject.org/forum/#!forum/distribution) (mail at <distribution@dockerproject.org>)
If you want to report a bug:
- be sure to first read about [how to contribute](https://github.com/docker/distribution/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
- you can then do so on the [GitHub project bugtracker](https://github.com/docker/distribution/issues)
You can also find out more about the Docker's project [Getting Help resources](https://docs.docker.com/project/get-help).

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# Docker Registry # Docker Registry
The Registry is a stateless, highly scalable server side component that stores and lets you distribute Docker images. ## What it is
Users looking for a ready-to-go solution are encouraged to head-over to the [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com), which provides a free-to-use, hosted Registry, plus additional features (organization accounts, automated builds, and more). The Registry is a stateless, highly scalable server side application that stores and lets you distribute Docker images.
The Registry is open-source, under the permissive [Apache license](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_License).
On the other hand, people interested in finer grained integration, or more control over the content they publish, should run and operate their own Registry. ## Why use it
## About versions You should use the Registry if you want to:
You need to use a Docker client that is version 1.6.0 or newer for this to work. * tightly control where your images are being stored
* fully own your images distribution pipeline
* integrate images storage and distribution into your inhouse development workflow
## Alternatives
Users looking for a zero maintenance, ready-to-go solution are encouraged to head-over to the [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com), which provides a free-to-use, hosted Registry, plus additional features (organization accounts, automated builds, and more).
Users looking for a commercially supported version of the Registry should look into [Docker Hub Enterprise](https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub-enterprise/).
## Requirements
The Registry is compatible with Docker engine **version 1.6.0 or higher**.
If you really need to work with older Docker versions, you should look into the [old python registry](https://github.com/docker/docker-registry) If you really need to work with older Docker versions, you should look into the [old python registry](https://github.com/docker/docker-registry)
## Understanding the Registry ## TL;DR
A registry is a storage and content delivery system, holding named Docker images, available in different tagged versions. For example, the image `distribution/registry`, with tags `2.0` and `latest`. ```
# Start your registry
docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry:2
Users interact with a registry by using docker push and pull commands. For example, `docker pull myregistry.com/stevvooe/batman:voice`. # Pull (or build) some image from the hub
docker pull ubuntu
Storage itself is delegated to drivers. The default storage driver is the local posix filesystem, which is suitable for development or small deployments. Additional cloud-based storage driver like S3, Microsoft Azure and Ceph are also supported. People looking into using other storage backends may do so by writing their own driver implementing the [Storage API](storagedrivers.md). # Tag the image so that it points to your registry
docker tag ubuntu localhost:5000/myfirstimage
Since securing access to your hosted images is paramount, the Registry natively supports TLS. You can also enforce basic authentication through a proxy like Nginx. # Push it
docker push localhost:5000/myfirstimage
The Registry GitHub repository includes reference implementations for additional authentication and authorization methods. Only very large or public deployments are expected to extend the Registry in this way. # Pull it back
docker pull localhost:5000/myfirstimage
```
Finally, the Registry includes a robust [notification system](notifications.md), calling webhooks in response to activity, and both extensive logging and reporting. Reporting is mostly useful for large installations that want to collect metrics. Currently, New Relic and Bugsnag are supported. Simple as that? Yes. Now, please read the...
## Getting help
The Registry is an open source project and is under active development. If you need help, would like to contribute, or simply want to talk about the project, we have a number of open channels for communication.
- To report bugs or file feature requests: please use the [issue tracker on Github](https://github.com/docker/distribution/issues).
- To talk about the project please post a message to the [mailing list](https://groups.google.com/a/dockerproject.org/forum/#!forum/distribution) or join the `#docker-distribution` channel on IRC.
- To contribute code or documentation changes: please submit a [pull request on Github](https://github.com/docker/distribution/pulls).
For more information and resources, please visit the [Getting Help project page](https://docs.docker.com/project/get-help/).
## Documentation ## Documentation
Basics: - [Introduction](introduction.md)
- [Deployment](deploying.md) - [Deployment](deploying.md)
- [Configuration](configuration.md) - [Configuration](configuration.md)
- [Getting help](help.md)
- [Contributing](../CONTRIBUTING.md)
Advanced: ### Reference and advanced topics
- [Glossary](glossary.md)
- [Authentication](authentication.md)
- [Working with notifications](notifications.md)
### Development resources
- [Storage driver model](storagedrivers.md) - [Storage driver model](storagedrivers.md)
- [Working with notifications](notifications.md) - [Registry API](spec/api.md)
- [Registry API](spec/api.md) <!--
- [Building the registry](building.md)
- [Architecture notes](architecture.md)
-->

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<!--GITHUB
page_title: Understanding the Registry
page_description: Explains what it is, basic use cases and requirements
page_keywords: registry, service, images, repository, understand, use cases, requirements
IGNORES-->
# Understanding the Registry
A registry is a storage and content delivery system, holding named Docker images, available in different tagged versions. For example, the image `distribution/registry`, with tags `2.0` and `latest`.
Users interact with a registry by using docker push and pull commands. For example, `docker pull myregistry.com/stevvooe/batman:voice`.
Storage itself is delegated to drivers. The default storage driver is the local posix filesystem, which is suitable for development or small deployments. Additional cloud-based storage driver like S3, Microsoft Azure and Ceph are also supported. People looking into using other storage backends may do so by writing their own driver implementing the [Storage API](storagedrivers.md).
Since securing access to your hosted images is paramount, the Registry natively supports TLS. You can also enforce basic authentication through a proxy like Nginx.
The Registry GitHub repository includes reference implementations for additional authentication and authorization methods. Only very large or public deployments are expected to extend the Registry in this way.
Finally, the Registry includes a robust [notification system](notifications.md), calling webhooks in response to activity, and both extensive logging and reporting. Reporting is mostly useful for large installations that want to collect metrics. Currently, New Relic and Bugsnag are supported.
## Understanding image naming
Image names as used in typical docker commands reflect their origin:
* `docker pull ubuntu` instructs docker to pull an image named `ubuntu` from the official Docker Hub. This is simply a shortcut for the longer `docker pull registry-1.docker.io/library/ubuntu` command
* `docker pull myregistrydomain:port/foo/bar` instructs docker to contact the registry located at `myregistrydomain:port` to find that image
You can find out more about the various Docker commands dealing with images in the [official Docker engine documentation](https://docs.docker.com/reference/commandline/cli/).
## Use cases
Running your own Registry is a great solution to integrate with and complement your CI/CD system. In a typical workflow, a commit to your source revision control system would trigger a build on your CI system, which would then push a new image to your Registry if the build is succesful. A notification from the Registry would then trigger a deployment on a staging environment, or notify other systems that a new image is available.
It's also an essential component if you want to quickly deploy a new image over a large cluster of machines.
Finally, it's the best way to distribute images inside an airgap environment.
## Requirements
You absolutely need to be familiar with Docker, specifically with regard to pushing and pulling images. You must understand the difference between the daemon and the cli, and at least grasp basic concepts about networking.
Also, while just starting a registry is fairly easy, operating it in a production environment requires operational skills, just like any other service. You are expected to be familiar with systems availability and scalability, logging and log processing, systems monitoring, and security 101. Strong understanding of http and overall network communications, plus familiarity with golang are certainly useful as well.
## Next
You are now ready to [deploy your registry](deploying.md).

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- ['registry/index.md', 'Reference', 'Docker Registry 2.0'] - ['registry/index.md', 'Reference', 'Docker Registry 2.0']
- ['registry/introduction.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Introduction' ]
- ['registry/deploying.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Deploy a registry' ] - ['registry/deploying.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Deploy a registry' ]
- ['registry/configuration.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Configure a registry' ] - ['registry/configuration.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Configure a registry' ]
- ['registry/authentication.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Authentication' ]
- ['registry/glossary.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Glossary' ]
- ['registry/help.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Getting help' ]
- ['registry/storagedrivers.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Storage driver model' ] - ['registry/storagedrivers.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Storage driver model' ]
- ['registry/notifications.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Work with notifications' ] - ['registry/notifications.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Work with notifications' ]
- ['registry/spec/api.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Registry Service API v2' ] - ['registry/spec/api.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Registry Service API v2' ]
- ['registry/spec/json.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; JSON format' ]
- ['registry/spec/auth/token.md', 'Reference', '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&blacksquare;&nbsp; Authenticate via central service' ]
- ['registry/spec/json.md', '**HIDDEN**']
- ['registry/spec/auth/token.md', '**HIDDEN**']
- ['registry/storage-drivers/azure.md', '**HIDDEN**' ] - ['registry/storage-drivers/azure.md', '**HIDDEN**' ]
- ['registry/storage-drivers/filesystem.md', '**HIDDEN**' ] - ['registry/storage-drivers/filesystem.md', '**HIDDEN**' ]
- ['registry/storage-drivers/inmemory.md', '**HIDDEN**' ] - ['registry/storage-drivers/inmemory.md', '**HIDDEN**' ]