vm: count initial Null slot variables as well

Match C# behavior. Thanks to @ixje for finding this.

pkg/vm/opcodebench_test.go

@@ -56,11 +56,11 @@ func opParamSlotsPushVM(op opcode.Opcode, param []byte, sslot int, slotloc int,
 			return nil
 		}
 		if sslot != 0 {
-			v.Context().static.init(sslot)
+			v.Context().static.init(sslot, &v.refs)
 		}
 		if slotloc != 0 && slotarg != 0 {
-			v.Context().local.init(slotloc)
-			v.Context().arguments.init(slotarg)
+			v.Context().local.init(slotloc, &v.refs)
+			v.Context().arguments.init(slotarg, &v.refs)
 		}
 		for i := range items {
 			item, ok := items[i].(stackitem.Item)

pkg/vm/slot.go

@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@ import (
 type slot []stackitem.Item
 
 // init sets static slot size to n. It is intended to be used only by INITSSLOT.
-func (s *slot) init(n int) {
+func (s *slot) init(n int, rc *refCounter) {
 	if *s != nil {
 		panic("already initialized")
 	}
 	*s = make([]stackitem.Item, n)
+	*rc += refCounter(n) // Virtual "Null" elements.
 }
 
 // Set sets i-th storage slot.
@@ -26,6 +27,8 @@ func (s slot) Set(i int, item stackitem.Item, refs *refCounter) {
 	s[i] = item
 	if old != nil {
 		refs.Remove(old)
+	} else {
+		*refs-- // Not really existing, but counted Null element.
 	}
 	refs.Add(item)
 }
@@ -38,8 +41,8 @@ func (s slot) Get(i int) stackitem.Item {
 	return stackitem.Null{}
 }
 
-// Clear removes all slot variables from the reference counter.
-func (s slot) Clear(refs *refCounter) {
+// ClearRefs removes all slot variables from the reference counter.
+func (s slot) ClearRefs(refs *refCounter) {
 	for _, item := range s {
 		refs.Remove(item)
 	}

pkg/vm/slot_test.go

@@ -13,8 +13,9 @@ func TestSlot_Get(t *testing.T) {
 	var s slot
 	require.Panics(t, func() { s.Size() })
 
-	s.init(3)
+	s.init(3, rc)
 	require.Equal(t, 3, s.Size())
+	require.Equal(t, 3, int(*rc))
 
 	// Null is the default
 	item := s.Get(2)
@@ -22,4 +23,5 @@ func TestSlot_Get(t *testing.T) {
 
 	s.Set(1, stackitem.NewBigInteger(big.NewInt(42)), rc)
 	require.Equal(t, stackitem.NewBigInteger(big.NewInt(42)), s.Get(1))
+	require.Equal(t, 3, int(*rc))
 }

pkg/vm/vm.go

@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ func (v *VM) execute(ctx *Context, op opcode.Opcode, parameter []byte) (err erro
 		if parameter[0] == 0 {
 			panic("zero argument")
 		}
-		ctx.static.init(int(parameter[0]))
+		ctx.static.init(int(parameter[0]), &v.refs)
 
 	case opcode.INITSLOT:
 		if ctx.local != nil || ctx.arguments != nil {
@@ -626,11 +626,11 @@ func (v *VM) execute(ctx *Context, op opcode.Opcode, parameter []byte) (err erro
 			panic("zero argument")
 		}
 		if parameter[0] > 0 {
-			ctx.local.init(int(parameter[0]))
+			ctx.local.init(int(parameter[0]), &v.refs)
 		}
 		if parameter[1] > 0 {
 			sz := int(parameter[1])
-			ctx.arguments.init(sz)
+			ctx.arguments.init(sz, &v.refs)
 			for i := 0; i < sz; i++ {
 				ctx.arguments.Set(i, v.estack.Pop().Item(), &v.refs)
 			}
@@ -1582,14 +1582,14 @@ func (v *VM) execute(ctx *Context, op opcode.Opcode, parameter []byte) (err erro
 
 func (v *VM) unloadContext(ctx *Context) {
 	if ctx.local != nil {
-		ctx.local.Clear(&v.refs)
+		ctx.local.ClearRefs(&v.refs)
 	}
 	if ctx.arguments != nil {
-		ctx.arguments.Clear(&v.refs)
+		ctx.arguments.ClearRefs(&v.refs)
 	}
 	currCtx := v.Context()
 	if ctx.static != nil && currCtx != nil && ctx.static != currCtx.static {
-		ctx.static.Clear(&v.refs)
+		ctx.static.ClearRefs(&v.refs)
 	}
 }
 

pkg/vm/vm_test.go

@@ -387,8 +387,8 @@ func TestStackLimit(t *testing.T) {
 		inst opcode.Opcode
 		size int
 	}{
-		{opcode.PUSH2, 1},
-		{opcode.NEWARRAY, 3}, // array + 2 items
+		{opcode.PUSH2, 2},    // 1 from INITSSLOT and 1 for integer 2
+		{opcode.NEWARRAY, 4}, // array + 2 items
 		{opcode.STSFLD0, 3},
 		{opcode.LDSFLD0, 4},
 		{opcode.NEWMAP, 5},