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03951c94b0
Add an example and instructions for production CRS generation to ZKP examples with gnark >= v0.9.0. Signed-off-by: Anna Shaleva <shaleva.ann@nspcc.ru>
312 lines
11 KiB
Go
312 lines
11 KiB
Go
package cubic
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import (
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"math"
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"os"
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"path/filepath"
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"testing"
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"github.com/consensys/gnark-crypto/ecc"
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curve "github.com/consensys/gnark-crypto/ecc/bls12-381"
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"github.com/consensys/gnark/backend/groth16"
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"github.com/consensys/gnark/backend/groth16/bls12-381/mpcsetup"
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"github.com/consensys/gnark/constraint"
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cs "github.com/consensys/gnark/constraint/bls12-381"
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"github.com/consensys/gnark/frontend"
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"github.com/consensys/gnark/frontend/cs/r1cs"
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"github.com/consensys/gnark/test"
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"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/neotest"
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"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/neotest/chain"
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"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/smartcontract/zkpbinding"
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"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
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)
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// First of all, you'll need to ensure that your circuit is properly constructed.
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// Use unit tests to test execute the circuit and verify it against a various set
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// of curves and backends with gnark/test package.
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// More about circuit testing using gnark/test package: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/consensys/gnark/test@v0.7.0
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// TestCubicCircuit_TestExecution runs the provided circuit in the test execution engine.
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func TestCubicCircuit_TestExecution(t *testing.T) {
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var (
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circuit CubicCircuit
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assignment = CubicCircuit{X: 3, Y: 35}
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)
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// Test executing the circuit without running a ZK-SNARK prover (with the
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// help of test engine). It can be useful for the circuit debugging, see
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// https://docs.gnark.consensys.net/HowTo/debug_test#common-errors.
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err := test.IsSolved(&circuit, &assignment, ecc.BLS12_381.ScalarField())
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require.NoError(t, err)
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}
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// TestCubicCircuit_Verification performs the circuit correctness testing over a
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// set of all supported curves and backends and over a specified curve with a
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// set of exact input and output values.
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func TestCubicCircuit_Verification(t *testing.T) {
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// Assert object wrapping testing.T.
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assert := test.NewAssert(t)
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// Declare the circuit.
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var cubicCircuit CubicCircuit
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// The default behavior of the assert helper is to test the circuit across
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// all supported curves and backends, ensure correct serialization, and
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// cross-test the constraint system solver against a big.Int test execution
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// engine.
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assert.ProverFailed(&cubicCircuit, &CubicCircuit{
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X: 3, // Wrong value.
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Y: 5,
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})
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// If needed, we can directly specify the desired curves or backends.
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assert.ProverSucceeded(&cubicCircuit, &CubicCircuit{
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X: 3, // Good value.
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Y: 35,
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}, test.WithCurves(ecc.BLS12_381))
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}
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// TestCubicCircuit_EndToEnd shows how to generate proof for pre-defined cubic circuit,
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// how to generate Go verification contract that can be compiled by NeoGo and deployed
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// to the chain and how to verify proofs via verification contract invocation.
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func TestCubicCircuit_EndToEnd(t *testing.T) {
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var (
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circuit CubicCircuit
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assignment = CubicCircuit{X: 3, Y: 35}
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)
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// Compile our circuit into a R1CS (a constraint system).
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ccs, err := frontend.Compile(ecc.BLS12_381.ScalarField(), r1cs.NewBuilder, &circuit)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// One time setup (groth16 zkSNARK). Built-in groth16.Setup function is used
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// for the test purposes. In production environment it is recommended to use
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// MPC-based solution for proving and verifying keys generation, see the
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// TestCubicCircuit_EndToEnd_Prod test.
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pk, vk, err := groth16.Setup(ccs)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Intermediate step: witness definition.
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witness, err := frontend.NewWitness(&assignment, ecc.BLS12_381.ScalarField())
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require.NoError(t, err)
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publicWitness, err := witness.Public()
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Proof creation (groth16).
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proof, err := groth16.Prove(ccs, pk, witness)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Ensure that gnark can successfully verify the proof (just in case).
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err = groth16.Verify(proof, vk, publicWitness)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Now, when we're sure that the proof is valid, we can create and deploy verification
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// contract to the Neo testing chain.
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args, err := zkpbinding.GetVerifyProofArgs(proof, publicWitness)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Create contract file.
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tmpDir := t.TempDir()
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srcPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "verify.go")
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f, err := os.Create(srcPath)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Create contract configuration file.
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cfgPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "verify.yml")
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fCfg, err := os.Create(cfgPath)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Create contract go.mod and go.sum files.
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fMod, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(tmpDir, "go.mod"))
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require.NoError(t, err)
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fSum, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(tmpDir, "go.sum"))
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require.NoError(t, err)
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err = zkpbinding.GenerateVerifier(zkpbinding.Config{
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VerifyingKey: vk,
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Output: f,
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CfgOutput: fCfg,
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GomodOutput: fMod,
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GosumOutput: fSum,
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})
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require.NoError(t, err)
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require.NoError(t, f.Close())
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require.NoError(t, fCfg.Close())
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require.NoError(t, fMod.Close())
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require.NoError(t, fSum.Close())
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// Create testing chain and deploy contract onto it.
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bc, committee := chain.NewSingle(t)
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e := neotest.NewExecutor(t, bc, committee, committee)
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// Compile verification contract and deploy the contract onto chain.
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c := neotest.CompileFile(t, e.Validator.ScriptHash(), srcPath, cfgPath)
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e.DeployContract(t, c, nil)
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// Verify proof via verification contract call.
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validatorInvoker := e.ValidatorInvoker(c.Hash)
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validatorInvoker.Invoke(t, true, "verifyProof", args.A, args.B, args.C, args.PublicWitnesses)
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}
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// TestCubicCircuit_EndToEnd shows how to generate proof for pre-defined cubic circuit,
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// how to generate Go verification contract that can be compiled by NeoGo and deployed
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// to the chain and how to verify proofs via verification contract invocation. It
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// differs from TestCubicCircuit_EndToEnd in that it uses pre-generated Powers of Tau
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// result for proving/verifying keys generation and demonstrates how to contribute
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// some randomness into it.
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func TestCubicCircuit_EndToEnd_Prod(t *testing.T) {
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var (
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circuit CubicCircuit
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assignment = CubicCircuit{X: 3, Y: 35}
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)
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// Compile our circuit into a R1CS (a constraint system).
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ccs, err := frontend.Compile(ecc.BLS12_381.ScalarField(), r1cs.NewBuilder, &circuit)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Setup (groth16 zkSNARK), use MPC-based solution for proving and verifying
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// keys generation.
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pk, vk := setup(t, ccs, "./response8", 8) // the order of Powers of Tau ceremony, depends on the response file.
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// Intermediate step: witness definition.
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witness, err := frontend.NewWitness(&assignment, ecc.BLS12_381.ScalarField())
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require.NoError(t, err)
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publicWitness, err := witness.Public()
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Proof creation (groth16).
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proof, err := groth16.Prove(ccs, pk, witness)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Ensure that gnark can successfully verify the proof (just in case).
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err = groth16.Verify(proof, vk, publicWitness)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Now, when we're sure that the proof is valid, we can create and deploy verification
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// contract to the Neo testing chain.
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args, err := zkpbinding.GetVerifyProofArgs(proof, publicWitness)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Create contract file.
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tmpDir := t.TempDir()
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srcPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "verify.go")
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f, err := os.Create(srcPath)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Create contract configuration file.
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cfgPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "verify.yml")
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fCfg, err := os.Create(cfgPath)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Create contract go.mod and go.sum files.
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fMod, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(tmpDir, "go.mod"))
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require.NoError(t, err)
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fSum, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(tmpDir, "go.sum"))
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require.NoError(t, err)
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err = zkpbinding.GenerateVerifier(zkpbinding.Config{
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VerifyingKey: vk,
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Output: f,
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CfgOutput: fCfg,
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GomodOutput: fMod,
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GosumOutput: fSum,
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})
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require.NoError(t, err)
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require.NoError(t, f.Close())
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require.NoError(t, fCfg.Close())
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require.NoError(t, fMod.Close())
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require.NoError(t, fSum.Close())
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// Create testing chain and deploy contract onto it.
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bc, committee := chain.NewSingle(t)
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e := neotest.NewExecutor(t, bc, committee, committee)
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// Compile verification contract and deploy the contract onto chain.
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c := neotest.CompileFile(t, e.Validator.ScriptHash(), srcPath, cfgPath)
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e.DeployContract(t, c, nil)
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// Verify proof via verification contract call.
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validatorInvoker := e.ValidatorInvoker(c.Hash)
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validatorInvoker.Invoke(t, true, "verifyProof", args.A, args.B, args.C, args.PublicWitnesses)
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}
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// setup generates proving and verifying keys for the given compiled constrained
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// system. It accepts path to the response file from Phase 1 of the Powers of Tau
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// ceremony for the BLS12-381 curve and the power of the ceremony.
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// See the README.md for details on the Phase 1 response file. It makes
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// circuit-specific Phase 2 initialisation of the MPC ceremony and performs some
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// dummy contributions for Phase 2. In production environment, participant will
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// receive a []byte, deserialize it, add his contribution and send back to the
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// coordinator.
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func setup(t *testing.T, ccs constraint.ConstraintSystem, phase1ResponsePath string, inPow int) (groth16.ProvingKey, groth16.VerifyingKey) {
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const (
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nContributionsPhase2 = 3
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blake2bHashSize = 64
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)
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f, err := os.Open(phase1ResponsePath)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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// Skip hash of the previous contribution, don't need it for the MPC initialisation.
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_, err = f.Seek(blake2bHashSize, 0)
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require.NoError(t, err)
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dec := curve.NewDecoder(f)
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// Retrieve parameters.
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inN := int(math.Pow(2, float64(inPow)))
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coef_g1 := make([]curve.G1Affine, 2*inN-1)
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coef_g2 := make([]curve.G2Affine, inN)
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alpha_coef_g1 := make([]curve.G1Affine, inN)
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beta_coef_g1 := make([]curve.G1Affine, inN)
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// Accumulator serialization: https://github.com/filecoin-project/powersoftau/blob/ab8f85c28f04af5a99cfcc93a3b1f74c06f94105/src/accumulator.rs#L111
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for i := range coef_g1 {
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require.NoError(t, dec.Decode(&coef_g1[i]))
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}
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for i := range coef_g2 {
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require.NoError(t, dec.Decode(&coef_g2[i]))
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}
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for i := range alpha_coef_g1 {
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require.NoError(t, dec.Decode(&alpha_coef_g1[i]))
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}
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for i := range beta_coef_g1 {
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require.NoError(t, dec.Decode(&beta_coef_g1[i]))
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}
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beta_g2 := &curve.G2Affine{}
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require.NoError(t, dec.Decode(beta_g2))
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// Transform (take exactly those number of powers that needed for the given number of constraints).
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var (
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numConstraints = ccs.GetNbConstraints()
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outPow int
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)
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for ; 1<<outPow < numConstraints; outPow++ {
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}
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outN := int64(math.Pow(2, float64(outPow)))
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srs1 := mpcsetup.Phase1{}
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srs1.Parameters.G1.Tau = coef_g1[:2*outN-1] // outN + (outN-1)
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srs1.Parameters.G2.Tau = coef_g2[:outN] // outN
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srs1.Parameters.G1.AlphaTau = alpha_coef_g1[:outN] // outN
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srs1.Parameters.G1.BetaTau = beta_coef_g1[:outN] // outN
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srs1.Parameters.G2.Beta = *beta_g2 // 1
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// Prepare for phase-2
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var evals mpcsetup.Phase2Evaluations
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r1cs := ccs.(*cs.R1CS)
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srs2, evals := mpcsetup.InitPhase2(r1cs, &srs1)
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// Make some dummy contributions for phase2. In practice, participant will
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// receive a []byte, deserialize it, add his contribution and send back to
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// coordinator, like it is done in https://github.com/bnb-chain/zkbnb-setup
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// for BN254 elliptic curve.
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for i := 0; i < nContributionsPhase2; i++ {
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srs2.Contribute()
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}
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// Extract the proving and verifying keys
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pk, vk := mpcsetup.ExtractKeys(&srs1, &srs2, &evals, ccs.GetNbConstraints())
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return &pk, &vk
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}
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