From f26bdae2c5112f005229dc7a87fa7cae1b94209d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Evgenii Stratonikov Date: Fri, 17 Jan 2020 13:09:41 +0300 Subject: [PATCH] vm: implement proper big.Int to []byte conversions Big.Int Bytes()/SetBytes() methods are not symmetric. Moreover we need to mimic C# node behavior: - if a positive number has MSB set, 0x00 byte should be appended to distinguish positive number from negatives - negative numbers should serialize as two's-complement --- pkg/vm/bigint.go | 137 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ pkg/vm/bigint_test.go | 185 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 322 insertions(+) create mode 100644 pkg/vm/bigint.go create mode 100644 pkg/vm/bigint_test.go diff --git a/pkg/vm/bigint.go b/pkg/vm/bigint.go new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a99fbf383 --- /dev/null +++ b/pkg/vm/bigint.go @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ +package vm + +import ( + "encoding/binary" + "math/big" + "math/bits" +) + +// wordSizeBytes is a size of a big.Word (uint) in bytes.` +const wordSizeBytes = bits.UintSize / 8 + +// bytesToInt converts data in little-endian format to +// an integer. +func bytesToInt(data []byte) *big.Int { + n := new(big.Int) + size := len(data) + if size == 0 { + return big.NewInt(0) + } + + isNeg := data[size-1]&0x80 != 0 + + size = getEffectiveSize(data, isNeg) + if size == 0 { + if isNeg { + return big.NewInt(-1) + } + + return big.NewInt(0) + } + + lw := size / wordSizeBytes + ws := make([]big.Word, lw+1) + for i := 0; i < lw; i++ { + base := i * wordSizeBytes + for j := base + 7; j >= base; j-- { + ws[i] <<= 8 + ws[i] ^= big.Word(data[j]) + } + } + + for i := size - 1; i >= lw*wordSizeBytes; i-- { + ws[lw] <<= 8 + ws[lw] ^= big.Word(data[i]) + } + + if isNeg { + for i := 0; i <= lw; i++ { + ws[i] = ^ws[i] + } + + shift := byte(wordSizeBytes-size%wordSizeBytes) * 8 + ws[lw] = ws[lw] & (^big.Word(0) >> shift) + + n.SetBits(ws) + n.Neg(n) + + return n.Sub(n, big.NewInt(1)) + } + + return n.SetBits(ws) +} + +// getEffectiveSize returns minimal number of bytes required +// to represent a number (two's complement for negatives). +func getEffectiveSize(buf []byte, isNeg bool) int { + var b byte + if isNeg { + b = 0xFF + } + + size := len(buf) + for ; size > 0; size-- { + if buf[size-1] != b { + break + } + } + + return size +} + +// intToBytes converts integer to a slice in little-endian format. +func intToBytes(n *big.Int) []byte { + sign := n.Sign() + if sign == 0 { + return []byte{0} + } + + var ws []big.Word + if sign == 1 { + ws = n.Bits() + } else { + n1 := new(big.Int).Add(n, big.NewInt(1)) + if n1.Sign() == 0 { // n == -1 + return []byte{0xFF} + } + + ws = n1.Bits() + } + + data := wordsToBytes(ws) + + size := len(data) + for ; data[size-1] == 0; size-- { + } + + data = data[:size] + + if data[size-1]&0x80 != 0 { + data = append(data, 0) + } + + if sign == -1 { + for i := range data { + data[i] = ^data[i] + } + } + + return data +} + +func wordsToBytes(ws []big.Word) []byte { + lb := len(ws) * wordSizeBytes + bs := make([]byte, lb, lb+1) + + if wordSizeBytes == 8 { + for i := range ws { + binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(bs[i*wordSizeBytes:], uint64(ws[i])) + } + } else { + for i := range ws { + binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(bs[i*wordSizeBytes:], uint32(ws[i])) + } + } + + return bs +} diff --git a/pkg/vm/bigint_test.go b/pkg/vm/bigint_test.go new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4554875b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/pkg/vm/bigint_test.go @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ +package vm + +import ( + "math" + "math/big" + "testing" + + "github.com/CityOfZion/neo-go/pkg/util" + "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert" + "github.com/stretchr/testify/require" +) + +// testCases were generated using C# node +// https://dotnetfiddle.net/trQ4xt +var testCases = []struct { + number int64 + buf []byte +}{ + {0, []byte{0}}, + {1, []byte{1}}, + {-1, []byte{255}}, + {2, []byte{2}}, + {-2, []byte{254}}, + {127, []byte{127}}, + {-127, []byte{129}}, + {128, []byte{128, 0}}, + {-128, []byte{128}}, + {129, []byte{129, 0}}, + {-129, []byte{127, 255}}, + {255, []byte{255, 0}}, + {-255, []byte{1, 255}}, + {256, []byte{0, 1}}, + {-256, []byte{0, 255}}, + {123456789, []byte{21, 205, 91, 7}}, + {-123456789, []byte{235, 50, 164, 248}}, + {-6777216, []byte{128, 150, 152}}, // tx c8ba2ce29e07447639b9b658db3930c4cce617652d325e78b768ee9d4dbd72b8 + {6777216, []byte{128, 105, 103}}, + + {32639, []byte{127, 127}}, + {-32641, []byte{127, 128}}, + {8355711, []byte{127, 127, 127}}, + {-8355969, []byte{127, 127, 128}}, + {2139062143, []byte{127, 127, 127, 127}}, + {-2139127937, []byte{127, 127, 127, 128}}, + {547599908735, []byte{127, 127, 127, 127, 127}}, + {-547616751745, []byte{127, 127, 127, 127, 128}}, + {140185576636287, []byte{127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 127}}, + {-140189888446593, []byte{127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 128}}, + {35887507618889599, []byte{127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 127}}, + {-35888611442327681, []byte{127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 128}}, + {9187201950435737471, []byte{127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 127}}, + {-9187484529235886209, []byte{127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 127, 128}}, + + // https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/master/src/libraries/System.Runtime.Numerics/tests/BigInteger/ToByteArray.cs#L14 + {0, []byte{0x00}}, + {3, []byte{0x03}}, + {128, []byte{0x80, 0x00}}, + {200, []byte{0xc8, 0x00}}, + {256, []byte{0x00, 0x01}}, + {2005, []byte{0xd5, 0x07}}, + {10197, []byte{0xd5, 0x27}}, + {33023, []byte{0xff, 0x80, 0x00}}, + {2368349, []byte{0x5d, 0x23, 0x24}}, + {10756957, []byte{0x5d, 0x23, 0xa4, 0x00}}, + {193100307, []byte{0x13, 0x7a, 0x82, 0x0b}}, + {1266842131, []byte{0x13, 0x7a, 0x82, 0x4b}}, + {math.MaxInt32, []byte{0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x7f}}, + {-1, []byte{0xff}}, + {-128, []byte{0x80}}, + {-172, []byte{0x54, 0xff}}, + {-23439, []byte{0x71, 0xa4}}, + {-51301, []byte{0x9b, 0x37, 0xff}}, + {-126341, []byte{0x7b, 0x12, 0xfe}}, + {-13194515, []byte{0xed, 0xaa, 0x36, 0xff}}, + {-2068145902, []byte{0x12, 0x99, 0xba, 0x84}}, + {math.MinInt32, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80}}, + + // https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/master/src/libraries/System.Runtime.Numerics/tests/BigInteger/ToByteArray.cs#L53 + {0x100112233, []byte{0x33, 0x22, 0x11, 0x00, 0x01}}, + {0x300112233, []byte{0x33, 0x22, 0x11, 0x00, 0x03}}, + {0x8000112233, []byte{0x33, 0x22, 0x11, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00}}, + {0x3cd00112233, []byte{0x33, 0x22, 0x11, 0x00, 0xcd, 0x03}}, + {0xf92100112233, []byte{0x33, 0x22, 0x11, 0x00, 0x21, 0xf9, 0x00}}, + {0x749aa00112233, []byte{0x33, 0x22, 0x11, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x49, 0x07}}, + {0x80112200112233, []byte{0x33, 0x22, 0x11, 0x00, 0x22, 0x11, 0x80, 0x00}}, + {0x7654321000112233, []byte{0x33, 0x22, 0x11, 0x00, 0x10, 0x32, 0x54, 0x76}}, + {math.MaxInt64, []byte{0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x7f}}, + {-0x100112233, []byte{0xcd, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0xfe}}, + {-0x8000112233, []byte{0xcd, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff}}, + {-0x3cd00112233, []byte{0xcd, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0x32, 0xfc}}, + {-0xf92100112233, []byte{0xcd, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0xde, 0x06, 0xff}}, + {-0x749aa00112233, []byte{0xcd, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0x55, 0xb6, 0xf8}}, + {-0x80112200112233, []byte{0xcd, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0xdd, 0xee, 0x7f, 0xff}}, + {-0x7654321000112233, []byte{0xcd, 0xdd, 0xee, 0xff, 0xef, 0xcd, 0xab, 0x89}}, + {math.MinInt64, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80}}, + {-0x100000000, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff}}, + {-0x300000000, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfd}}, + {-0x8000000000, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80}}, + {-0xfe00000000, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0xff}}, + {-0xff00000000, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff}}, + {-0xfeff00000000, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0xff}}, + {-0xffff00000000, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0xff}}, + {-0xfeffff00000000, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff}}, + {-0xffffff00000000, []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff}}, +} + +func TestIntToBytes(t *testing.T) { + for _, tc := range testCases { + buf := intToBytes(big.NewInt(tc.number)) + assert.Equal(t, tc.buf, buf, "error while converting %d", tc.number) + } +} + +func TestBytesToInt(t *testing.T) { + for _, tc := range testCases { + num := bytesToInt(tc.buf) + assert.Equal(t, tc.number, num.Int64(), "error while converting %d", tc.number) + } + + t.Run("empty array", func(t *testing.T) { + require.EqualValues(t, 0, bytesToInt([]byte{}).Int64()) + }) +} + +func TestEquivalentRepresentations(t *testing.T) { + for _, tc := range testCases { + buf := tc.buf + if tc.number >= 0 { + buf = append(buf, 0, 0, 0) + } else { + buf = append(buf, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF) + } + + num := bytesToInt(buf) + assert.Equal(t, tc.number, num.Int64(), "error while converting %d", tc.number) + } +} + +var stringCases = []struct { + numStr string + buf []byte +}{ + {"-1256271214286163627607479687759920896", []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 255}}, + {"168884912246183068104079824028124185087", []byte{255, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 127}}, + {"1402184777283668118200134432800768511", []byte{255, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 1}}, + {"-43536131589161850832973096317989605473920", []byte{128, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 128}}, + {"43235871975677457350187428577111288447360", []byte{128, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 127}}, +} + +// this cases are from stdlib +// https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/master/src/libraries/System.Runtime.Numerics/tests/BigInteger/ToByteArray.cs#L96 +// note that they are in big-endian +var stdlibCases = []struct { + numStr string + buf []byte +}{ + {"0", []byte{0}}, + {"127", []byte{0x7F}}, + {"128", []byte{0x00, 0x80}}, + {"33022", []byte{0x00, 0x80, 0xFE}}, + {"-32514", []byte{0x80, 0xFE}}, + {"-18374686475376656384", []byte{0xff, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}}, + {"-18446744069414584320", []byte{0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}}, + 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0xfa, 0x28, 0x80}}, +} + +func TestVeryBigInts(t *testing.T) { + for _, tc := range stringCases { + num, ok := new(big.Int).SetString(tc.numStr, 10) + assert.True(t, ok) + + result := bytesToInt(tc.buf) + assert.Equal(t, num, result, "error while converting %s from bytes", tc.numStr) + assert.Equal(t, tc.buf, intToBytes(result), "error while converting %s to bytes", tc.numStr) + } + + for _, tc := range stdlibCases { + num, ok := new(big.Int).SetString(tc.numStr, 10) + assert.True(t, ok) + + result := bytesToInt(util.ArrayReverse(tc.buf)) + assert.Equal(t, num, result, "error while converting %s from bytes", tc.numStr) + } +}