rclone/docs/content/sftp.md

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---
title: "SFTP"
description: "SFTP"
date: "2017-02-01"
---
<i class="fa fa-server"></i> SFTP
----------------------------------------
SFTP is the [Secure (or SSH) File Transfer
Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSH_File_Transfer_Protocol).
It runs over SSH v2 and is standard with most modern SSH
installations.
Paths are specified as `remote:path`. If the path does not begin with
a `/` it is relative to the home directory of the user. An empty path
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`remote:` refers to the user's home directory.
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Here is an example of making an SFTP configuration. First run
rclone config
This will guide you through an interactive setup process.
```
No remotes found - make a new one
n) New remote
s) Set configuration password
q) Quit config
n/s/q> n
name> remote
Type of storage to configure.
Choose a number from below, or type in your own value
1 / Amazon Drive
\ "amazon cloud drive"
2 / Amazon S3 (also Dreamhost, Ceph, Minio)
\ "s3"
3 / Backblaze B2
\ "b2"
4 / Dropbox
\ "dropbox"
5 / Encrypt/Decrypt a remote
\ "crypt"
6 / FTP Connection
\ "ftp"
7 / Google Cloud Storage (this is not Google Drive)
\ "google cloud storage"
8 / Google Drive
\ "drive"
9 / Hubic
\ "hubic"
10 / Local Disk
\ "local"
11 / Microsoft OneDrive
\ "onedrive"
12 / Openstack Swift (Rackspace Cloud Files, Memset Memstore, OVH)
\ "swift"
13 / SSH/SFTP Connection
\ "sftp"
14 / Yandex Disk
\ "yandex"
15 / http Connection
\ "http"
Storage> sftp
SSH host to connect to
Choose a number from below, or type in your own value
1 / Connect to example.com
\ "example.com"
host> example.com
SSH username, leave blank for current username, ncw
user> sftpuser
SSH port, leave blank to use default (22)
port>
SSH password, leave blank to use ssh-agent.
y) Yes type in my own password
g) Generate random password
n) No leave this optional password blank
y/g/n> n
Path to unencrypted PEM-encoded private key file, leave blank to use ssh-agent.
key_file>
Remote config
--------------------
[remote]
host = example.com
user = sftpuser
port =
pass =
key_file =
--------------------
y) Yes this is OK
e) Edit this remote
d) Delete this remote
y/e/d> y
```
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This remote is called `remote` and can now be used like this:
See all directories in the home directory
rclone lsd remote:
Make a new directory
rclone mkdir remote:path/to/directory
List the contents of a directory
rclone ls remote:path/to/directory
Sync `/home/local/directory` to the remote directory, deleting any
excess files in the directory.
rclone sync /home/local/directory remote:directory
### SSH Authentication ###
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The SFTP remote supports three authentication methods:
* Password
* Key file
* ssh-agent
Key files should be unencrypted PEM-encoded private key files. For
instance `/home/$USER/.ssh/id_rsa`.
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If you don't specify `pass` or `key_file` then rclone will attempt to
contact an ssh-agent.
### ssh-agent on macOS ###
Note that there seem to be various problems with using an ssh-agent on
macOS due to recent changes in the OS. The most effective work-around
seems to be to start an ssh-agent in each session, eg
eval `ssh-agent -s` && ssh-add -A
And then at the end of the session
eval `ssh-agent -k`
These commands can be used in scripts of course.
### Modified time ###
Modified times are stored on the server to 1 second precision.
Modified times are used in syncing and are fully supported.
### Limitations ###
SFTP supports checksums if the same login has shell access and `md5sum`
or `sha1sum` as well as `echo` are in the remote's PATH.
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The only ssh agent supported under Windows is Putty's pageant.
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SFTP isn't supported under plan9 until [this
issue](https://github.com/pkg/sftp/issues/156) is fixed.
Note that since SFTP isn't HTTP based the following flags don't work
with it: `--dump-headers`, `--dump-bodies`, `--dump-auth`
Note that `--timeout` isn't supported (but `--contimeout` is).