diff --git a/fs/config.go b/fs/config.go
index 9f232cf8e..f9ff59586 100644
--- a/fs/config.go
+++ b/fs/config.go
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ var (
 	deleteBefore    = pflag.BoolP("delete-before", "", false, "When synchronizing, delete files on destination before transfering")
 	deleteDuring    = pflag.BoolP("delete-during", "", false, "When synchronizing, delete files during transfer (default)")
 	deleteAfter     = pflag.BoolP("delete-after", "", false, "When synchronizing, delete files on destination after transfering")
+	trackRenames    = pflag.BoolP("track-renames", "", false, "When synchronizing, track file renames and do a server side move if possible")
 	lowLevelRetries = pflag.IntP("low-level-retries", "", 10, "Number of low level retries to do.")
 	updateOlder     = pflag.BoolP("update", "u", false, "Skip files that are newer on the destination.")
 	noGzip          = pflag.BoolP("no-gzip-encoding", "", false, "Don't set Accept-Encoding: gzip.")
@@ -294,6 +295,7 @@ type ConfigInfo struct {
 	DeleteBefore       bool // Delete before checking
 	DeleteDuring       bool // Delete during checking/transfer
 	DeleteAfter        bool // Delete after successful transfer.
+	TrackRenames       bool // Track file renames.
 	LowLevelRetries    int
 	UpdateOlder        bool // Skip files that are newer on the destination
 	NoGzip             bool // Disable compression
@@ -360,6 +362,8 @@ func LoadConfig() {
 	Config.DeleteDuring = *deleteDuring
 	Config.DeleteAfter = *deleteAfter
 
+	Config.TrackRenames = *trackRenames
+
 	switch {
 	case *deleteBefore && (*deleteDuring || *deleteAfter),
 		*deleteDuring && *deleteAfter:
diff --git a/fs/operations.go b/fs/operations.go
index 16c479e33..985420a01 100644
--- a/fs/operations.go
+++ b/fs/operations.go
@@ -109,13 +109,17 @@ func CheckHashes(src, dst Object) (equal bool, hash HashType, err error) {
 // Otherwise the file is considered to be not equal including if there
 // were errors reading info.
 func Equal(src, dst Object) bool {
+	return equal(src, dst, Config.SizeOnly, Config.CheckSum)
+}
+
+func equal(src, dst Object, sizeOnly, checkSum bool) bool {
 	if !Config.IgnoreSize {
 		if src.Size() != dst.Size() {
 			Debug(src, "Sizes differ")
 			return false
 		}
 	}
-	if Config.SizeOnly {
+	if sizeOnly {
 		Debug(src, "Sizes identical")
 		return true
 	}
@@ -123,7 +127,7 @@ func Equal(src, dst Object) bool {
 	// Assert: Size is equal or being ignored
 
 	// If checking checksum and not modtime
-	if Config.CheckSum {
+	if checkSum {
 		// Check the hash
 		same, hash, _ := CheckHashes(src, dst)
 		if !same {
diff --git a/fs/operations_test.go b/fs/operations_test.go
index 260b4f0c8..def431397 100644
--- a/fs/operations_test.go
+++ b/fs/operations_test.go
@@ -168,6 +168,19 @@ func NewRun(t *testing.T) *Run {
 	return r
 }
 
+// Rename a file in local
+func (r *Run) RenameFile(item fstest.Item, newpath string) fstest.Item {
+	oldFilepath := path.Join(r.localName, item.Path)
+	newFilepath := path.Join(r.localName, newpath)
+	if err := os.Rename(oldFilepath, newFilepath); err != nil {
+		r.Fatalf("Failed to rename file from %q to %q: %v", item.Path, newpath, err)
+	}
+
+	item.Path = newpath
+
+	return item
+}
+
 // Write a file to local
 func (r *Run) WriteFile(filePath, content string, t time.Time) fstest.Item {
 	item := fstest.NewItem(filePath, content, t)
diff --git a/fs/sync.go b/fs/sync.go
index 6e9138951..2a64f6b4e 100644
--- a/fs/sync.go
+++ b/fs/sync.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ package fs
 
 import (
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
@@ -19,8 +20,9 @@ type syncCopyMove struct {
 	// internal state
 	noTraverse     bool              // if set don't trafevers the dst
 	deleteBefore   bool              // set if we must delete objects before copying
-	dstFiles       map[string]Object // dst files, only used if Delete
-	srcFiles       map[string]Object // src files, only used if deleteBefore
+	trackRenames   bool              // set if we should do server side renames
+	dstFiles       map[string]Object // dst files, only used if Delete or trackRenames
+	srcFiles       map[string]Object // src files, only used if deleteBefore or trackRenames
 	srcFilesChan   chan Object       // passes src objects
 	srcFilesResult chan error        // error result of src listing
 	dstFilesResult chan error        // error result of dst listing
@@ -36,6 +38,20 @@ type syncCopyMove struct {
 }
 
 func newSyncCopyMove(fdst, fsrc Fs, Delete bool, DoMove bool) *syncCopyMove {
+
+	// Don't track renames for remotes without server-side rename support.
+	// Some remotes simulate rename by server-side copy and delete, so include
+	// remotes that implements either Mover and Copier.
+	var canMove bool
+	switch fdst.(type) {
+	case Mover, Copier:
+		canMove = true
+	}
+
+	if !canMove && Config.TrackRenames {
+		ErrorLog(nil, "track-renames flag is set, but the destination %q does not support server-side moves", fdst.Name())
+	}
+
 	s := &syncCopyMove{
 		fdst:           fdst,
 		fsrc:           fsrc,
@@ -50,6 +66,7 @@ func newSyncCopyMove(fdst, fsrc Fs, Delete bool, DoMove bool) *syncCopyMove {
 		toBeChecked:    make(ObjectPairChan, Config.Transfers),
 		toBeUploaded:   make(ObjectPairChan, Config.Transfers),
 		deleteBefore:   Delete && Config.DeleteBefore,
+		trackRenames:   canMove && Config.TrackRenames,
 	}
 	if s.noTraverse && s.Delete {
 		Debug(s.fdst, "Ignoring --no-traverse with sync")
@@ -320,6 +337,69 @@ func (s *syncCopyMove) deleteFiles(checkSrcMap bool) error {
 	return DeleteFiles(toDelete)
 }
 
+func (s *syncCopyMove) renameFiles() error {
+
+	toRename := make(ObjectPairChan, Config.Transfers)
+
+	for srcRemote, srcObject := range s.srcFiles {
+		if _, exists := s.dstFiles[srcRemote]; exists {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if s.aborting() {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		for dstRemote, dstObject := range s.dstFiles {
+			if _, exists := s.srcFiles[dstRemote]; exists {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// At this point, if the files are equal, this is a rename.
+			if equal(srcObject, dstObject, false, true) {
+				toRename <- ObjectPair{srcObject, dstObject}
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	close(toRename)
+
+	var (
+		wg         sync.WaitGroup
+		filesMu    sync.Mutex
+		errorCount int32
+	)
+
+	wg.Add(Config.Transfers)
+	for i := 0; i < Config.Transfers; i++ {
+		go func() {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			for pair := range toRename {
+				Debug(nil, "Rename %q to %q", pair.dst.Remote(), pair.src.Remote())
+
+				err := MoveFile(s.fdst, s.fdst, pair.src.Remote(), pair.dst.Remote())
+				if err != nil {
+					atomic.AddInt32(&errorCount, 1)
+					continue
+				}
+
+				filesMu.Lock()
+				delete(s.dstFiles, pair.dst.Remote())
+				delete(s.srcFiles, pair.src.Remote())
+				filesMu.Unlock()
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+	Log(nil, "Waiting for renames to finish")
+	wg.Wait()
+	if errorCount > 0 {
+		return errors.Errorf("failed to rename %d files", errorCount)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Syncs fsrc into fdst
 //
 // If Delete is true then it deletes any files in fdst that aren't in fsrc
@@ -343,17 +423,16 @@ func (s *syncCopyMove) run() error {
 		go s.readDstFiles()
 	}
 
-	// If s.deleteBefore then we need to read the whole source map first
-	if s.deleteBefore {
+	// If s.deleteBefore or s.trackRenames then we need to read the whole source map first
+	readSourceMap := s.deleteBefore || s.trackRenames
+
+	if readSourceMap {
 		// Read source files into the map
 		s.srcFiles, err = readFilesMap(s.fsrc, false, s.dir)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		// Pump the map into s.srcFilesChan
-		go s.readSrcUsingMap()
-	} else {
-		go s.readSrcUsingChan()
+
 	}
 
 	// Wait for dstfiles to finish reading if we were reading them
@@ -365,8 +444,15 @@ func (s *syncCopyMove) run() error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Delete files first if required
+	// Do renames if required
 	// Have dstFiles and srcFiles complete at this point
+	if s.trackRenames {
+		if err = s.renameFiles(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Delete files first if required
 	if s.deleteBefore {
 		err = s.deleteFiles(true)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -374,6 +460,14 @@ func (s *syncCopyMove) run() error {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Now we can fill the src channel.
+	if readSourceMap {
+		// Pump the map into s.srcFilesChan
+		go s.readSrcUsingMap()
+	} else {
+		go s.readSrcUsingChan()
+	}
+
 	// Start background checking and transferring pipeline
 	s.startCheckers()
 	s.startTransfers()
diff --git a/fs/sync_test.go b/fs/sync_test.go
index 06d9467d7..fd29c6234 100644
--- a/fs/sync_test.go
+++ b/fs/sync_test.go
@@ -605,6 +605,36 @@ func TestSyncWithUpdateOlder(t *testing.T) {
 	fstest.CheckItems(t, r.fremote, oneO, twoF, threeO, fourF, fiveF)
 }
 
+// Test with TrackRenames set
+func TestSyncWithTrackRenames(t *testing.T) {
+	r := NewRun(t)
+	defer r.Finalise()
+
+	fs.Config.TrackRenames = true
+	defer func() {
+		fs.Config.TrackRenames = false
+
+	}()
+
+	f1 := r.WriteFile("potato", "Potato Content", t1)
+	f2 := r.WriteFile("yam", "Yam Content", t2)
+
+	fs.Stats.ResetCounters()
+	require.NoError(t, fs.Sync(r.fremote, r.flocal))
+
+	fstest.CheckItems(t, r.fremote, f1, f2)
+	fstest.CheckItems(t, r.flocal, f1, f2)
+
+	// Now rename locally.
+	f2 = r.RenameFile(f2, "yaml")
+
+	fs.Stats.ResetCounters()
+	require.NoError(t, fs.Sync(r.fremote, r.flocal))
+
+	fstest.CheckItems(t, r.fremote, f1, f2)
+
+}
+
 // Test a server side move if possible, or the backup path if not
 func testServerSideMove(t *testing.T, r *Run, fremoteMove fs.Fs, withFilter bool) {
 	file1 := r.WriteBoth("potato2", "------------------------------------------------------------", t1)