This change checks the context whenever rclone might retry, and
doesn't retry if the current context has an error.
This fixes the pathological behaviour of `--max-duration` refusing to
exit because all the context deadline exceeded errors were being
retried.
This unfortunately meant changing the shouldRetry logic in every
backend and doing a lot of context propagation.
See: https://forum.rclone.org/t/add-flag-to-exit-immediately-when-max-duration-reached/22723
The purpose of this is to make it easier to maintain and eventually to
allow the rclone backends to be re-used in other projects without
having to use the rclone configuration system.
The new code layout is documented in CONTRIBUTING.
