rclone/fs/config.go

// Read, write and edit the config file

package fs

import (
	"bufio"
	"bytes"
	"crypto/aes"
	"crypto/cipher"
	"crypto/rand"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"encoding/base64"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net"
	"os"
	"os/user"
	"path/filepath"
	"regexp"
	"runtime"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"
	"unicode/utf8"

	"github.com/Unknwon/goconfig"
	"github.com/pkg/errors"
	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
	"golang.org/x/crypto/nacl/secretbox"
	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm"
)

const (
	configFileName       = "rclone.conf"
	hiddenConfigFileName = "." + configFileName

	// ConfigToken is the key used to store the token under
	ConfigToken = "token"

	// ConfigClientID is the config key used to store the client id
	ConfigClientID = "client_id"

	// ConfigClientSecret is the config key used to store the client secret
	ConfigClientSecret = "client_secret"

	// ConfigAuthURL is the config key used to store the auth server endpoint
	ConfigAuthURL = "auth_url"

	// ConfigTokenURL is the config key used to store the token server endpoint
	ConfigTokenURL = "token_url"

	// ConfigAutomatic indicates that we want non-interactive configuration
	ConfigAutomatic = "config_automatic"
)

// Global
var (
	// configData is the config file data structure
	configData *goconfig.ConfigFile

	// ConfigPath points to the config file
	ConfigPath = makeConfigPath()

	// CacheDir points to the cache directory.  Users of this
	// should make a subdirectory and use MkdirAll() to create it
	// and any parents.
	CacheDir = makeCacheDir()

	// Config is the global config
	Config = &ConfigInfo{}

	// Flags
	verbose               = CountP("verbose", "v", "Print lots more stuff (repeat for more)")
	quiet                 = BoolP("quiet", "q", false, "Print as little stuff as possible")
	modifyWindow          = DurationP("modify-window", "", time.Nanosecond, "Max time diff to be considered the same")
	checkers              = IntP("checkers", "", 8, "Number of checkers to run in parallel.")
	transfers             = IntP("transfers", "", 4, "Number of file transfers to run in parallel.")
	configFile            = StringP("config", "", ConfigPath, "Config file.")
	cacheDir              = StringP("cache-dir", "", CacheDir, "Directory rclone will use for caching.")
	checkSum              = BoolP("checksum", "c", false, "Skip based on checksum & size, not mod-time & size")
	sizeOnly              = BoolP("size-only", "", false, "Skip based on size only, not mod-time or checksum")
	ignoreTimes           = BoolP("ignore-times", "I", false, "Don't skip files that match size and time - transfer all files")
	ignoreExisting        = BoolP("ignore-existing", "", false, "Skip all files that exist on destination")
	dryRun                = BoolP("dry-run", "n", false, "Do a trial run with no permanent changes")
	connectTimeout        = DurationP("contimeout", "", 60*time.Second, "Connect timeout")
	timeout               = DurationP("timeout", "", 5*60*time.Second, "IO idle timeout")
	dumpHeaders           = BoolP("dump-headers", "", false, "Dump HTTP headers - may contain sensitive info")
	dumpBodies            = BoolP("dump-bodies", "", false, "Dump HTTP headers and bodies - may contain sensitive info")
	skipVerify            = BoolP("no-check-certificate", "", false, "Do not verify the server SSL certificate. Insecure.")
	AskPassword           = BoolP("ask-password", "", true, "Allow prompt for password for encrypted configuration.")
	deleteBefore          = BoolP("delete-before", "", false, "When synchronizing, delete files on destination before transfering")
	deleteDuring          = BoolP("delete-during", "", false, "When synchronizing, delete files during transfer (default)")
	deleteAfter           = BoolP("delete-after", "", false, "When synchronizing, delete files on destination after transfering")
	trackRenames          = BoolP("track-renames", "", false, "When synchronizing, track file renames and do a server side move if possible")
	lowLevelRetries       = IntP("low-level-retries", "", 10, "Number of low level retries to do.")
	updateOlder           = BoolP("update", "u", false, "Skip files that are newer on the destination.")
	noGzip                = BoolP("no-gzip-encoding", "", false, "Don't set Accept-Encoding: gzip.")
	maxDepth              = IntP("max-depth", "", -1, "If set limits the recursion depth to this.")
	ignoreSize            = BoolP("ignore-size", "", false, "Ignore size when skipping use mod-time or checksum.")
	ignoreChecksum        = BoolP("ignore-checksum", "", false, "Skip post copy check of checksums.")
	noTraverse            = BoolP("no-traverse", "", false, "Don't traverse destination file system on copy.")
	noUpdateModTime       = BoolP("no-update-modtime", "", false, "Don't update destination mod-time if files identical.")
	backupDir             = StringP("backup-dir", "", "", "Make backups into hierarchy based in DIR.")
	suffix                = StringP("suffix", "", "", "Suffix for use with --backup-dir.")
	useListR              = BoolP("fast-list", "", false, "Use recursive list if available. Uses more memory but fewer transactions.")
	tpsLimit              = Float64P("tpslimit", "", 0, "Limit HTTP transactions per second to this.")
	tpsLimitBurst         = IntP("tpslimit-burst", "", 1, "Max burst of transactions for --tpslimit.")
	bindAddr              = StringP("bind", "", "", "Local address to bind to for outgoing connections, IPv4, IPv6 or name.")
	disableFeatures       = StringP("disable", "", "", "Disable a comma separated list of features.  Use help to see a list.")
	userAgent             = StringP("user-agent", "", "rclone/"+Version, "Set the user-agent to a specified string. The default is rclone/ version")
	immutable             = BoolP("immutable", "", false, "Do not modify files. Fail if existing files have been modified.")
	autoConfirm           = BoolP("auto-confirm", "", false, "If enabled, do not request console confirmation.")
	streamingUploadCutoff = SizeSuffix(100 * 1024)
	dump                  DumpFlags
	logLevel              = LogLevelNotice
	statsLogLevel         = LogLevelInfo
	bwLimit               BwTimetable
	bufferSize            SizeSuffix = 16 << 20

	// Key to use for password en/decryption.
	// When nil, no encryption will be used for saving.
	configKey []byte
)

func init() {
	VarP(&logLevel, "log-level", "", "Log level DEBUG|INFO|NOTICE|ERROR")
	VarP(&statsLogLevel, "stats-log-level", "", "Log level to show --stats output DEBUG|INFO|NOTICE|ERROR")
	VarP(&bwLimit, "bwlimit", "", "Bandwidth limit in kBytes/s, or use suffix b|k|M|G or a full timetable.")
	VarP(&bufferSize, "buffer-size", "", "Buffer size when copying files.")
	VarP(&streamingUploadCutoff, "streaming-upload-cutoff", "", "Cutoff for switching to chunked upload if file size is unknown. Upload starts after reaching cutoff or when file ends.")
	VarP(&dump, "dump", "", "List of items to dump from: "+dumpFlagsList)
}

// crypt internals
var (
	cryptKey = []byte{
		0x9c, 0x93, 0x5b, 0x48, 0x73, 0x0a, 0x55, 0x4d,
		0x6b, 0xfd, 0x7c, 0x63, 0xc8, 0x86, 0xa9, 0x2b,
		0xd3, 0x90, 0x19, 0x8e, 0xb8, 0x12, 0x8a, 0xfb,
		0xf4, 0xde, 0x16, 0x2b, 0x8b, 0x95, 0xf6, 0x38,
	}
	cryptBlock cipher.Block
	cryptRand  = rand.Reader
)

// crypt transforms in to out using iv under AES-CTR.
//
// in and out may be the same buffer.
//
// Note encryption and decryption are the same operation
func crypt(out, in, iv []byte) error {
	if cryptBlock == nil {
		var err error
		cryptBlock, err = aes.NewCipher(cryptKey)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	stream := cipher.NewCTR(cryptBlock, iv)
	stream.XORKeyStream(out, in)
	return nil
}

// Obscure a value
//
// This is done by encrypting with AES-CTR
func Obscure(x string) (string, error) {
	plaintext := []byte(x)
	ciphertext := make([]byte, aes.BlockSize+len(plaintext))
	iv := ciphertext[:aes.BlockSize]
	if _, err := io.ReadFull(cryptRand, iv); err != nil {
		return "", errors.Wrap(err, "failed to read iv")
	}
	if err := crypt(ciphertext[aes.BlockSize:], plaintext, iv); err != nil {
		return "", errors.Wrap(err, "encrypt failed")
	}
	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(ciphertext), nil
}

// MustObscure obscures a value, exiting with a fatal error if it failed
func MustObscure(x string) string {
	out, err := Obscure(x)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Obscure failed: %v", err)
	}
	return out
}

// Reveal an obscured value
func Reveal(x string) (string, error) {
	ciphertext, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(x)
	if err != nil {
		return "", errors.Wrap(err, "base64 decode failed when revealing password - is it obscured?")
	}
	if len(ciphertext) < aes.BlockSize {
		return "", errors.New("input too short when revealing password - is it obscured?")
	}
	buf := ciphertext[aes.BlockSize:]
	iv := ciphertext[:aes.BlockSize]
	if err := crypt(buf, buf, iv); err != nil {
		return "", errors.Wrap(err, "decrypt failed when revealing password - is it obscured?")
	}
	return string(buf), nil
}

// MustReveal reveals an obscured value, exiting with a fatal error if it failed
func MustReveal(x string) string {
	out, err := Reveal(x)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Reveal failed: %v", err)
	}
	return out
}

// ConfigInfo is filesystem config options
type ConfigInfo struct {
	LogLevel              LogLevel
	StatsLogLevel         LogLevel
	DryRun                bool
	CheckSum              bool
	SizeOnly              bool
	IgnoreTimes           bool
	IgnoreExisting        bool
	ModifyWindow          time.Duration
	Checkers              int
	Transfers             int
	ConnectTimeout        time.Duration // Connect timeout
	Timeout               time.Duration // Data channel timeout
	Dump                  DumpFlags
	Filter                *Filter
	InsecureSkipVerify    bool // Skip server certificate verification
	DeleteMode            DeleteMode
	TrackRenames          bool // Track file renames.
	LowLevelRetries       int
	UpdateOlder           bool // Skip files that are newer on the destination
	NoGzip                bool // Disable compression
	MaxDepth              int
	IgnoreSize            bool
	IgnoreChecksum        bool
	NoTraverse            bool
	NoUpdateModTime       bool
	DataRateUnit          string
	BackupDir             string
	Suffix                string
	UseListR              bool
	BufferSize            SizeSuffix
	TPSLimit              float64
	TPSLimitBurst         int
	BindAddr              net.IP
	DisableFeatures       []string
	Immutable             bool
	AutoConfirm           bool
	StreamingUploadCutoff SizeSuffix
}

// Return the path to the configuration file
func makeConfigPath() string {
	// Find user's home directory
	usr, err := user.Current()
	var homedir string
	if err == nil {
		homedir = usr.HomeDir
	} else {
		// Fall back to reading $HOME - work around user.Current() not
		// working for cross compiled binaries on OSX.
		// https://github.com/golang/go/issues/6376
		homedir = os.Getenv("HOME")
	}

	// Possibly find the user's XDG config paths
	// See XDG Base Directory specification
	// https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/latest/
	xdgdir := os.Getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME")
	var xdgcfgdir string
	if xdgdir != "" {
		xdgcfgdir = filepath.Join(xdgdir, "rclone")
	} else if homedir != "" {
		xdgdir = filepath.Join(homedir, ".config")
		xdgcfgdir = filepath.Join(xdgdir, "rclone")
	}

	// Use $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rclone/rclone.conf if already existing
	var xdgconf string
	if xdgcfgdir != "" {
		xdgconf = filepath.Join(xdgcfgdir, configFileName)
		_, err := os.Stat(xdgconf)
		if err == nil {
			return xdgconf
		}
	}

	// Use $HOME/.rclone.conf if already existing
	var homeconf string
	if homedir != "" {
		homeconf = filepath.Join(homedir, hiddenConfigFileName)
		_, err := os.Stat(homeconf)
		if err == nil {
			return homeconf
		}
	}

	// Try to create $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rclone/rclone.conf
	if xdgconf != "" {
		// xdgconf != "" implies xdgcfgdir != ""
		err := os.MkdirAll(xdgcfgdir, os.ModePerm)
		if err == nil {
			return xdgconf
		}
	}

	// Try to create $HOME/.rclone.conf
	if homeconf != "" {
		return homeconf
	}

	// Default to ./.rclone.conf (current working directory)
	Errorf(nil, "Couldn't find home directory or read HOME or XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment variables.")
	Errorf(nil, "Defaulting to storing config in current directory.")
	Errorf(nil, "Use -config flag to workaround.")
	Errorf(nil, "Error was: %v", err)
	return hiddenConfigFileName
}

// DeleteMode describes the possible delete modes in the config
type DeleteMode byte

// DeleteMode constants
const (
	DeleteModeOff DeleteMode = iota
	DeleteModeBefore
	DeleteModeDuring
	DeleteModeAfter
	DeleteModeOnly
	DeleteModeDefault = DeleteModeAfter
)

// LoadConfig loads the config file
func LoadConfig() {
	// Read some flags if set
	//
	// FIXME read these from the config file too
	Config.LogLevel = LogLevelNotice
	if *verbose >= 2 {
		Config.LogLevel = LogLevelDebug
	} else if *verbose >= 1 {
		Config.LogLevel = LogLevelInfo
	}
	if *quiet {
		if *verbose > 0 {
			log.Fatalf("Can't set -v and -q")
		}
		Config.LogLevel = LogLevelError
	}
	logLevelFlag := pflag.Lookup("log-level")
	if logLevelFlag != nil && logLevelFlag.Changed {
		if *verbose > 0 {
			log.Fatalf("Can't set -v and --log-level")
		}
		if *quiet {
			log.Fatalf("Can't set -q and --log-level")
		}
		Config.LogLevel = logLevel
	}
	Config.StatsLogLevel = statsLogLevel
	Config.ModifyWindow = *modifyWindow
	Config.Checkers = *checkers
	Config.Transfers = *transfers
	Config.DryRun = *dryRun
	Config.Timeout = *timeout
	Config.ConnectTimeout = *connectTimeout
	Config.CheckSum = *checkSum
	Config.SizeOnly = *sizeOnly
	Config.IgnoreTimes = *ignoreTimes
	Config.IgnoreExisting = *ignoreExisting
	Config.InsecureSkipVerify = *skipVerify
	Config.LowLevelRetries = *lowLevelRetries
	Config.UpdateOlder = *updateOlder
	Config.NoGzip = *noGzip
	Config.MaxDepth = *maxDepth
	Config.IgnoreSize = *ignoreSize
	Config.IgnoreChecksum = *ignoreChecksum
	Config.NoTraverse = *noTraverse
	Config.NoUpdateModTime = *noUpdateModTime
	Config.BackupDir = *backupDir
	Config.Suffix = *suffix
	Config.UseListR = *useListR
	Config.TPSLimit = *tpsLimit
	Config.TPSLimitBurst = *tpsLimitBurst
	Config.Immutable = *immutable
	Config.AutoConfirm = *autoConfirm
	Config.BufferSize = bufferSize
	Config.StreamingUploadCutoff = streamingUploadCutoff
	Config.Dump = dump
	if *dumpHeaders {
		Config.Dump |= DumpHeaders
		Infof(nil, "--dump-headers is obsolete - please use --dump headers instead")
	}
	if *dumpBodies {
		Config.Dump |= DumpBodies
		Infof(nil, "--dump-bodies is obsolete - please use --dump bodies instead")
	}

	Config.TrackRenames = *trackRenames

	switch {
	case *deleteBefore && (*deleteDuring || *deleteAfter),
		*deleteDuring && *deleteAfter:
		log.Fatalf(`Only one of --delete-before, --delete-during or --delete-after can be used.`)
	case *deleteBefore:
		Config.DeleteMode = DeleteModeBefore
	case *deleteDuring:
		Config.DeleteMode = DeleteModeDuring
	case *deleteAfter:
		Config.DeleteMode = DeleteModeAfter
	default:
		Config.DeleteMode = DeleteModeDefault
	}

	if Config.IgnoreSize && Config.SizeOnly {
		log.Fatalf(`Can't use --size-only and --ignore-size together.`)
	}

	if Config.Suffix != "" && Config.BackupDir == "" {
		log.Fatalf(`Can only use --suffix with --backup-dir.`)
	}

	if *bindAddr != "" {
		addrs, err := net.LookupIP(*bindAddr)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("--bind: Failed to parse %q as IP address: %v", *bindAddr, err)
		}
		if len(addrs) != 1 {
			log.Fatalf("--bind: Expecting 1 IP address for %q but got %d", *bindAddr, len(addrs))
		}
		Config.BindAddr = addrs[0]
	}

	if *disableFeatures != "" {
		if *disableFeatures == "help" {
			log.Fatalf("Possible backend features are: %s\n", strings.Join(new(Features).List(), ", "))
		}
		Config.DisableFeatures = strings.Split(*disableFeatures, ",")
	}

	// Load configuration file.
	var err error
	ConfigPath, err = filepath.Abs(*configFile)
	if err != nil {
		ConfigPath = *configFile
	}
	configData, err = loadConfigFile()
	if err == errorConfigFileNotFound {
		Logf(nil, "Config file %q not found - using defaults", ConfigPath)
		configData, _ = goconfig.LoadFromReader(&bytes.Buffer{})
	} else if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to load config file %q: %v", ConfigPath, err)
	} else {
		Debugf(nil, "Using config file from %q", ConfigPath)
	}

	// Load cache directory from flags
	CacheDir = *cacheDir

	// Load filters
	Config.Filter, err = NewFilter()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to load filters: %v", err)
	}

	// Start the token bucket limiter
	startTokenBucket()

	// Start the bandwidth update ticker
	startTokenTicker()

	// Start the transactions per second limiter
	startHTTPTokenBucket()
}

var errorConfigFileNotFound = errors.New("config file not found")

// loadConfigFile will load a config file, and
// automatically decrypt it.
func loadConfigFile() (*goconfig.ConfigFile, error) {
	b, err := ioutil.ReadFile(ConfigPath)
	if err != nil {
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return nil, errorConfigFileNotFound
		}
		return nil, err
	}

	// Find first non-empty line
	r := bufio.NewReader(bytes.NewBuffer(b))
	for {
		line, _, err := r.ReadLine()
		if err != nil {
			if err == io.EOF {
				return goconfig.LoadFromReader(bytes.NewBuffer(b))
			}
			return nil, err
		}
		l := strings.TrimSpace(string(line))
		if len(l) == 0 || strings.HasPrefix(l, ";") || strings.HasPrefix(l, "#") {
			continue
		}
		// First non-empty or non-comment must be ENCRYPT_V0
		if l == "RCLONE_ENCRYPT_V0:" {
			break
		}
		if strings.HasPrefix(l, "RCLONE_ENCRYPT_V") {
			return nil, errors.New("unsupported configuration encryption - update rclone for support")
		}
		return goconfig.LoadFromReader(bytes.NewBuffer(b))
	}

	// Encrypted content is base64 encoded.
	dec := base64.NewDecoder(base64.StdEncoding, r)
	box, err := ioutil.ReadAll(dec)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to load base64 encoded data")
	}
	if len(box) < 24+secretbox.Overhead {
		return nil, errors.New("Configuration data too short")
	}
	envpw := os.Getenv("RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS")

	var out []byte
	for {
		if len(configKey) == 0 && envpw != "" {
			err := setConfigPassword(envpw)
			if err != nil {
				fmt.Println("Using RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS returned:", err)
			} else {
				Debugf(nil, "Using RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS password.")
			}
		}
		if len(configKey) == 0 {
			if !*AskPassword {
				return nil, errors.New("unable to decrypt configuration and not allowed to ask for password - set RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS to your configuration password")
			}
			getConfigPassword("Enter configuration password:")
		}

		// Nonce is first 24 bytes of the ciphertext
		var nonce [24]byte
		copy(nonce[:], box[:24])
		var key [32]byte
		copy(key[:], configKey[:32])

		// Attempt to decrypt
		var ok bool
		out, ok = secretbox.Open(nil, box[24:], &nonce, &key)
		if ok {
			break
		}

		// Retry
		Errorf(nil, "Couldn't decrypt configuration, most likely wrong password.")
		configKey = nil
		envpw = ""
	}
	return goconfig.LoadFromReader(bytes.NewBuffer(out))
}

// checkPassword normalises and validates the password
func checkPassword(password string) (string, error) {
	if !utf8.ValidString(password) {
		return "", errors.New("password contains invalid utf8 characters")
	}
	// Check for leading/trailing whitespace
	trimmedPassword := strings.TrimSpace(password)
	// Warn user if password has leading+trailing whitespace
	if len(password) != len(trimmedPassword) {
		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Your password contains leading/trailing whitespace - in previous versions of rclone this was stripped")
	}
	// Normalize to reduce weird variations.
	password = norm.NFKC.String(password)
	if len(password) == 0 || len(trimmedPassword) == 0 {
		return "", errors.New("no characters in password")
	}
	return password, nil
}

// GetPassword asks the user for a password with the prompt given.
func GetPassword(prompt string) string {
	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, prompt)
	for {
		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, "password:")
		password := ReadPassword()
		password, err := checkPassword(password)
		if err == nil {
			return password
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Bad password: %v\n", err)
	}
}

// ChangePassword will query the user twice for the named password. If
// the same password is entered it is returned.
func ChangePassword(name string) string {
	for {
		a := GetPassword(fmt.Sprintf("Enter %s password:", name))
		b := GetPassword(fmt.Sprintf("Confirm %s password:", name))
		if a == b {
			return a
		}
		fmt.Println("Passwords do not match!")
	}
}

// getConfigPassword will query the user for a password the
// first time it is required.
func getConfigPassword(q string) {
	if len(configKey) != 0 {
		return
	}
	for {
		password := GetPassword(q)
		err := setConfigPassword(password)
		if err == nil {
			return
		}
		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Error:", err)
	}
}

// setConfigPassword will set the configKey to the hash of
// the password. If the length of the password is
// zero after trimming+normalization, an error is returned.
func setConfigPassword(password string) error {
	password, err := checkPassword(password)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// Create SHA256 has of the password
	sha := sha256.New()
	_, err = sha.Write([]byte("[" + password + "][rclone-config]"))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	configKey = sha.Sum(nil)
	return nil
}

// changeConfigPassword will query the user twice
// for a password. If the same password is entered
// twice the key is updated.
func changeConfigPassword() {
	err := setConfigPassword(ChangePassword("NEW configuration"))
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Failed to set config password: %v\n", err)
		return
	}
}

// SaveConfig saves configuration file.
// if configKey has been set, the file will be encrypted.
func SaveConfig() {
	dir, name := filepath.Split(ConfigPath)
	f, err := ioutil.TempFile(dir, name)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create temp file for new config: %v", err)
		return
	}
	defer func() {
		if err := os.Remove(f.Name()); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
			Errorf(nil, "Failed to remove temp config file: %v", err)
		}
	}()

	var buf bytes.Buffer
	err = goconfig.SaveConfigData(configData, &buf)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to save config file: %v", err)
	}

	if len(configKey) == 0 {
		if _, err := buf.WriteTo(f); err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("Failed to write temp config file: %v", err)
		}
	} else {
		fmt.Fprintln(f, "# Encrypted rclone configuration File")
		fmt.Fprintln(f, "")
		fmt.Fprintln(f, "RCLONE_ENCRYPT_V0:")

		// Generate new nonce and write it to the start of the ciphertext
		var nonce [24]byte
		n, _ := rand.Read(nonce[:])
		if n != 24 {
			log.Fatalf("nonce short read: %d", n)
		}
		enc := base64.NewEncoder(base64.StdEncoding, f)
		_, err = enc.Write(nonce[:])
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("Failed to write temp config file: %v", err)
		}

		var key [32]byte
		copy(key[:], configKey[:32])

		b := secretbox.Seal(nil, buf.Bytes(), &nonce, &key)
		_, err = enc.Write(b)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalf("Failed to write temp config file: %v", err)
		}
		_ = enc.Close()
	}

	err = f.Close()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to close config file: %v", err)
	}

	var fileMode os.FileMode = 0600
	info, err := os.Stat(ConfigPath)
	if err != nil {
		Debugf(nil, "Using default permissions for config file: %v", fileMode)
	} else if info.Mode() != fileMode {
		Debugf(nil, "Keeping previous permissions for config file: %v", info.Mode())
		fileMode = info.Mode()
	}

	attemptCopyGroup(ConfigPath, f.Name())

	err = os.Chmod(f.Name(), fileMode)
	if err != nil {
		Errorf(nil, "Failed to set permissions on config file: %v", err)
	}

	if err = os.Rename(ConfigPath, ConfigPath+".old"); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to move previous config to backup location: %v", err)
	}
	if err = os.Rename(f.Name(), ConfigPath); err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to move newly written config from %s to final location: %v", f.Name(), err)
	}
	if err := os.Remove(ConfigPath + ".old"); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
		Errorf(nil, "Failed to remove backup config file: %v", err)
	}
}

// ConfigSetValueAndSave sets the key to the value and saves just that
// value in the config file.  It loads the old config file in from
// disk first and overwrites the given value only.
func ConfigSetValueAndSave(name, key, value string) (err error) {
	// Set the value in config in case we fail to reload it
	configData.SetValue(name, key, value)
	// Reload the config file
	reloadedConfigFile, err := loadConfigFile()
	if err == errorConfigFileNotFound {
		// Config file not written yet so ignore reload
		return nil
	} else if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	_, err = reloadedConfigFile.GetSection(name)
	if err != nil {
		// Section doesn't exist yet so ignore reload
		return err
	}
	// Update the config file with the reloaded version
	configData = reloadedConfigFile
	// Set the value in the reloaded version
	reloadedConfigFile.SetValue(name, key, value)
	// Save it again
	SaveConfig()
	return nil
}

// ShowRemotes shows an overview of the config file
func ShowRemotes() {
	remotes := configData.GetSectionList()
	if len(remotes) == 0 {
		return
	}
	sort.Strings(remotes)
	fmt.Printf("%-20s %s\n", "Name", "Type")
	fmt.Printf("%-20s %s\n", "====", "====")
	for _, remote := range remotes {
		fmt.Printf("%-20s %s\n", remote, ConfigFileGet(remote, "type"))
	}
}

// ChooseRemote chooses a remote name
func ChooseRemote() string {
	remotes := configData.GetSectionList()
	sort.Strings(remotes)
	return Choose("remote", remotes, nil, false)
}

// ReadLine reads some input
var ReadLine = func() string {
	buf := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
	line, err := buf.ReadString('\n')
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to read line: %v", err)
	}
	return strings.TrimSpace(line)
}

// Command - choose one
func Command(commands []string) byte {
	opts := []string{}
	for _, text := range commands {
		fmt.Printf("%c) %s\n", text[0], text[1:])
		opts = append(opts, text[:1])
	}
	optString := strings.Join(opts, "")
	optHelp := strings.Join(opts, "/")
	for {
		fmt.Printf("%s> ", optHelp)
		result := strings.ToLower(ReadLine())
		if len(result) != 1 {
			continue
		}
		i := strings.Index(optString, string(result[0]))
		if i >= 0 {
			return result[0]
		}
	}
}

// Confirm asks the user for Yes or No and returns true or false
func Confirm() bool {
	if Config.AutoConfirm {
		return true
	}
	return Command([]string{"yYes", "nNo"}) == 'y'
}

// Choose one of the defaults or type a new string if newOk is set
func Choose(what string, defaults, help []string, newOk bool) string {
	valueDescripton := "an existing"
	if newOk {
		valueDescripton = "your own"
	}
	fmt.Printf("Choose a number from below, or type in %s value\n", valueDescripton)
	for i, text := range defaults {
		var lines []string
		if help != nil {
			parts := strings.Split(help[i], "\n")
			lines = append(lines, parts...)
		}
		lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("%q", text))
		pos := i + 1
		if len(lines) == 1 {
			fmt.Printf("%2d > %s\n", pos, text)
		} else {
			mid := (len(lines) - 1) / 2
			for i, line := range lines {
				var sep rune
				switch i {
				case 0:
					sep = '/'
				case len(lines) - 1:
					sep = '\\'
				default:
					sep = '|'
				}
				number := "  "
				if i == mid {
					number = fmt.Sprintf("%2d", pos)
				}
				fmt.Printf("%s %c %s\n", number, sep, line)
			}
		}
	}
	for {
		fmt.Printf("%s> ", what)
		result := ReadLine()
		i, err := strconv.Atoi(result)
		if err != nil {
			if newOk {
				return result
			}
			for _, v := range defaults {
				if result == v {
					return result
				}
			}
			continue
		}
		if i >= 1 && i <= len(defaults) {
			return defaults[i-1]
		}
	}
}

// ChooseNumber asks the user to enter a number between min and max
// inclusive prompting them with what.
func ChooseNumber(what string, min, max int) int {
	for {
		fmt.Printf("%s> ", what)
		result := ReadLine()
		i, err := strconv.Atoi(result)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("Bad number: %v\n", err)
			continue
		}
		if i < min || i > max {
			fmt.Printf("Out of range - %d to %d inclusive\n", min, max)
			continue
		}
		return i
	}
}

// ShowRemote shows the contents of the remote
func ShowRemote(name string) {
	fmt.Printf("--------------------\n")
	fmt.Printf("[%s]\n", name)
	fs := MustFindByName(name)
	for _, key := range configData.GetKeyList(name) {
		isPassword := false
		for _, option := range fs.Options {
			if option.Name == key && option.IsPassword {
				isPassword = true
				break
			}
		}
		value := ConfigFileGet(name, key)
		if isPassword && value != "" {
			fmt.Printf("%s = *** ENCRYPTED ***\n", key)
		} else {
			fmt.Printf("%s = %s\n", key, value)
		}
	}
	fmt.Printf("--------------------\n")
}

// OkRemote prints the contents of the remote and ask if it is OK
func OkRemote(name string) bool {
	ShowRemote(name)
	switch i := Command([]string{"yYes this is OK", "eEdit this remote", "dDelete this remote"}); i {
	case 'y':
		return true
	case 'e':
		return false
	case 'd':
		configData.DeleteSection(name)
		return true
	default:
		Errorf(nil, "Bad choice %c", i)
	}
	return false
}

// MustFindByName finds the RegInfo for the remote name passed in or
// exits with a fatal error.
func MustFindByName(name string) *RegInfo {
	fsType := ConfigFileGet(name, "type")
	if fsType == "" {
		log.Fatalf("Couldn't find type of fs for %q", name)
	}
	return MustFind(fsType)
}

// RemoteConfig runs the config helper for the remote if needed
func RemoteConfig(name string) {
	fmt.Printf("Remote config\n")
	f := MustFindByName(name)
	if f.Config != nil {
		f.Config(name)
	}
}

// ChooseOption asks the user to choose an option
func ChooseOption(o *Option) string {
	fmt.Println(o.Help)
	if o.IsPassword {
		actions := []string{"yYes type in my own password", "gGenerate random password"}
		if o.Optional {
			actions = append(actions, "nNo leave this optional password blank")
		}
		var password string
		switch i := Command(actions); i {
		case 'y':
			password = ChangePassword("the")
		case 'g':
			for {
				fmt.Printf("Password strength in bits.\n64 is just about memorable\n128 is secure\n1024 is the maximum\n")
				bits := ChooseNumber("Bits", 64, 1024)
				bytes := bits / 8
				if bits%8 != 0 {
					bytes++
				}
				var pw = make([]byte, bytes)
				n, _ := rand.Read(pw)
				if n != bytes {
					log.Fatalf("password short read: %d", n)
				}
				password = base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(pw)
				fmt.Printf("Your password is: %s\n", password)
				fmt.Printf("Use this password?\n")
				if Confirm() {
					break
				}
			}
		case 'n':
			return ""
		default:
			Errorf(nil, "Bad choice %c", i)
		}
		return MustObscure(password)
	}
	if len(o.Examples) > 0 {
		var values []string
		var help []string
		for _, example := range o.Examples {
			values = append(values, example.Value)
			help = append(help, example.Help)
		}
		return Choose(o.Name, values, help, true)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s> ", o.Name)
	return ReadLine()
}

// UpdateRemote adds the keyValues passed in to the remote of name.
// keyValues should be key, value pairs.
func UpdateRemote(name string, keyValues []string) error {
	if len(keyValues)%2 != 0 {
		return errors.New("found key without value")
	}
	// Set the config
	for i := 0; i < len(keyValues); i += 2 {
		configData.SetValue(name, keyValues[i], keyValues[i+1])
	}
	RemoteConfig(name)
	ShowRemote(name)
	SaveConfig()
	return nil
}

// CreateRemote creates a new remote with name, provider and a list of
// parameters which are key, value pairs.  If update is set then it
// adds the new keys rather than replacing all of them.
func CreateRemote(name string, provider string, keyValues []string) error {
	// Suppress Confirm
	Config.AutoConfirm = true
	// Delete the old config if it exists
	configData.DeleteSection(name)
	// Set the type
	configData.SetValue(name, "type", provider)
	// Show this is automatically configured
	configData.SetValue(name, ConfigAutomatic, "yes")
	// Set the remaining values
	return UpdateRemote(name, keyValues)
}

// PasswordRemote adds the keyValues passed in to the remote of name.
// keyValues should be key, value pairs.
func PasswordRemote(name string, keyValues []string) error {
	if len(keyValues) != 2 {
		return errors.New("found key without value")
	}
	// Suppress Confirm
	Config.AutoConfirm = true
	passwd := MustObscure(keyValues[1])
	if passwd != "" {
		configData.SetValue(name, keyValues[0], passwd)
		RemoteConfig(name)
		ShowRemote(name)
		SaveConfig()
	}
	return nil
}

// JSONListProviders prints all the providers and options in JSON format
func JSONListProviders() error {
	b, err := json.MarshalIndent(fsRegistry, "", "    ")
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to marshal examples")
	}
	_, err = os.Stdout.Write(b)
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to write providers list")
	}
	return nil
}

// fsOption returns an Option describing the possible remotes
func fsOption() *Option {
	o := &Option{
		Name: "Storage",
		Help: "Type of storage to configure.",
	}
	for _, item := range fsRegistry {
		example := OptionExample{
			Value: item.Name,
			Help:  item.Description,
		}
		o.Examples = append(o.Examples, example)
	}
	o.Examples.Sort()
	return o
}

// NewRemoteName asks the user for a name for a remote
func NewRemoteName() (name string) {
	for {
		fmt.Printf("name> ")
		name = ReadLine()
		parts := matcher.FindStringSubmatch(name + ":")
		switch {
		case name == "":
			fmt.Printf("Can't use empty name.\n")
		case isDriveLetter(name):
			fmt.Printf("Can't use %q as it can be confused a drive letter.\n", name)
		case parts == nil:
			fmt.Printf("Can't use %q as it has invalid characters in it.\n", name)
		default:
			return name
		}
	}
}

// NewRemote make a new remote from its name
func NewRemote(name string) {
	newType := ChooseOption(fsOption())
	configData.SetValue(name, "type", newType)
	fs := MustFind(newType)
	for _, option := range fs.Options {
		configData.SetValue(name, option.Name, ChooseOption(&option))
	}
	RemoteConfig(name)
	if OkRemote(name) {
		SaveConfig()
		return
	}
	EditRemote(fs, name)
}

// EditRemote gets the user to edit a remote
func EditRemote(fs *RegInfo, name string) {
	ShowRemote(name)
	fmt.Printf("Edit remote\n")
	for {
		for _, option := range fs.Options {
			key := option.Name
			value := ConfigFileGet(name, key)
			fmt.Printf("Value %q = %q\n", key, value)
			fmt.Printf("Edit? (y/n)>\n")
			if Confirm() {
				newValue := ChooseOption(&option)
				configData.SetValue(name, key, newValue)
			}
		}
		if OkRemote(name) {
			break
		}
	}
	SaveConfig()
	RemoteConfig(name)
}

// DeleteRemote gets the user to delete a remote
func DeleteRemote(name string) {
	configData.DeleteSection(name)
	SaveConfig()
}

// copyRemote asks the user for a new remote name and copies name into
// it. Returns the new name.
func copyRemote(name string) string {
	newName := NewRemoteName()
	// Copy the keys
	for _, key := range configData.GetKeyList(name) {
		value := configData.MustValue(name, key, "")
		configData.SetValue(newName, key, value)
	}
	return newName
}

// RenameRemote renames a config section
func RenameRemote(name string) {
	fmt.Printf("Enter new name for %q remote.\n", name)
	newName := copyRemote(name)
	if name != newName {
		configData.DeleteSection(name)
		SaveConfig()
	}
}

// CopyRemote copies a config section
func CopyRemote(name string) {
	fmt.Printf("Enter name for copy of %q remote.\n", name)
	copyRemote(name)
	SaveConfig()
}

// ShowConfigLocation prints the location of the config file in use
func ShowConfigLocation() {
	if _, err := os.Stat(ConfigPath); os.IsNotExist(err) {
		fmt.Println("Configuration file doesn't exist, but rclone will use this path:")
	} else {
		fmt.Println("Configuration file is stored at:")
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s\n", ConfigPath)
}

// ShowConfig prints the (unencrypted) config options
func ShowConfig() {
	var buf bytes.Buffer
	if err := goconfig.SaveConfigData(configData, &buf); err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to serialize config: %v", err)
	}
	str := buf.String()
	if str == "" {
		str = "; empty config\n"
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s", str)
}

// EditConfig edits the config file interactively
func EditConfig() {
	for {
		haveRemotes := len(configData.GetSectionList()) != 0
		what := []string{"eEdit existing remote", "nNew remote", "dDelete remote", "rRename remote", "cCopy remote", "sSet configuration password", "qQuit config"}
		if haveRemotes {
			fmt.Printf("Current remotes:\n\n")
			ShowRemotes()
			fmt.Printf("\n")
		} else {
			fmt.Printf("No remotes found - make a new one\n")
			// take 2nd item and last 2 items of menu list
			what = append(what[1:2], what[len(what)-2:]...)
		}
		switch i := Command(what); i {
		case 'e':
			name := ChooseRemote()
			fs := MustFindByName(name)
			EditRemote(fs, name)
		case 'n':
			NewRemote(NewRemoteName())
		case 'd':
			name := ChooseRemote()
			DeleteRemote(name)
		case 'r':
			RenameRemote(ChooseRemote())
		case 'c':
			CopyRemote(ChooseRemote())
		case 's':
			SetPassword()
		case 'q':
			return

		}
	}
}

// SetPassword will allow the user to modify the current
// configuration encryption settings.
func SetPassword() {
	for {
		if len(configKey) > 0 {
			fmt.Println("Your configuration is encrypted.")
			what := []string{"cChange Password", "uUnencrypt configuration", "qQuit to main menu"}
			switch i := Command(what); i {
			case 'c':
				changeConfigPassword()
				SaveConfig()
				fmt.Println("Password changed")
				continue
			case 'u':
				configKey = nil
				SaveConfig()
				continue
			case 'q':
				return
			}

		} else {
			fmt.Println("Your configuration is not encrypted.")
			fmt.Println("If you add a password, you will protect your login information to cloud services.")
			what := []string{"aAdd Password", "qQuit to main menu"}
			switch i := Command(what); i {
			case 'a':
				changeConfigPassword()
				SaveConfig()
				fmt.Println("Password set")
				continue
			case 'q':
				return
			}
		}
	}
}

// Authorize is for remote authorization of headless machines.
//
// It expects 1 or 3 arguments
//
//   rclone authorize "fs name"
//   rclone authorize "fs name" "client id" "client secret"
func Authorize(args []string) {
	switch len(args) {
	case 1, 3:
	default:
		log.Fatalf("Invalid number of arguments: %d", len(args))
	}
	newType := args[0]
	fs := MustFind(newType)
	if fs.Config == nil {
		log.Fatalf("Can't authorize fs %q", newType)
	}
	// Name used for temporary fs
	name := "**temp-fs**"

	// Make sure we delete it
	defer DeleteRemote(name)

	// Indicate that we want fully automatic configuration.
	configData.SetValue(name, ConfigAutomatic, "yes")
	if len(args) == 3 {
		configData.SetValue(name, ConfigClientID, args[1])
		configData.SetValue(name, ConfigClientSecret, args[2])
	}
	fs.Config(name)
}

// configToEnv converts an config section and name, eg ("myremote",
// "ignore-size") into an environment name
// "RCLONE_CONFIG_MYREMOTE_IGNORE_SIZE"
func configToEnv(section, name string) string {
	return "RCLONE_CONFIG_" + strings.ToUpper(strings.Replace(section+"_"+name, "-", "_", -1))
}

// ConfigFileGet gets the config key under section returning the
// default or empty string if not set.
//
// It looks up defaults in the environment if they are present
func ConfigFileGet(section, key string, defaultVal ...string) string {
	envKey := configToEnv(section, key)
	newValue, found := os.LookupEnv(envKey)
	if found {
		defaultVal = []string{newValue}
	}
	return configData.MustValue(section, key, defaultVal...)
}

// ConfigFileGetBool gets the config key under section returning the
// default or false if not set.
//
// It looks up defaults in the environment if they are present
func ConfigFileGetBool(section, key string, defaultVal ...bool) bool {
	envKey := configToEnv(section, key)
	newValue, found := os.LookupEnv(envKey)
	if found {
		newBool, err := strconv.ParseBool(newValue)
		if err != nil {
			Errorf(nil, "Couldn't parse %q into bool - ignoring: %v", envKey, err)
		} else {
			defaultVal = []bool{newBool}
		}
	}
	return configData.MustBool(section, key, defaultVal...)
}

// ConfigFileGetInt gets the config key under section returning the
// default or 0 if not set.
//
// It looks up defaults in the environment if they are present
func ConfigFileGetInt(section, key string, defaultVal ...int) int {
	envKey := configToEnv(section, key)
	newValue, found := os.LookupEnv(envKey)
	if found {
		newInt, err := strconv.Atoi(newValue)
		if err != nil {
			Errorf(nil, "Couldn't parse %q into int - ignoring: %v", envKey, err)
		} else {
			defaultVal = []int{newInt}
		}
	}
	return configData.MustInt(section, key, defaultVal...)
}

// ConfigFileSet sets the key in section to value.  It doesn't save
// the config file.
func ConfigFileSet(section, key, value string) {
	configData.SetValue(section, key, value)
}

// ConfigFileDeleteKey deletes the config key in the config file.
// It returns true if the key was deleted,
// or returns false if the section or key didn't exist.
func ConfigFileDeleteKey(section, key string) bool {
	return configData.DeleteKey(section, key)
}

var matchEnv = regexp.MustCompile(`^RCLONE_CONFIG_(.*?)_TYPE=.*$`)

// ConfigFileSections returns the sections in the config file
// including any defined by environment variables.
func ConfigFileSections() []string {
	sections := configData.GetSectionList()
	for _, item := range os.Environ() {
		matches := matchEnv.FindStringSubmatch(item)
		if len(matches) == 2 {
			sections = append(sections, strings.ToLower(matches[1]))
		}
	}
	return sections
}

// ConfigDump dumps all the config as a JSON file
func ConfigDump() error {
	dump := make(map[string]map[string]string)
	for _, name := range configData.GetSectionList() {
		params := make(map[string]string)
		for _, key := range configData.GetKeyList(name) {
			params[key] = ConfigFileGet(name, key)
		}
		dump[name] = params
	}
	b, err := json.MarshalIndent(dump, "", "    ")
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to marshal config dump")
	}
	_, err = os.Stdout.Write(b)
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to write config dump")
	}
	return nil
}

// makeCacheDir returns a directory to use for caching.
//
// Code borrowed from go stdlib until it is made public
func makeCacheDir() (dir string) {
	// Compute default location.
	switch runtime.GOOS {
	case "windows":
		dir = os.Getenv("LocalAppData")

	case "darwin":
		dir = os.Getenv("HOME")
		if dir != "" {
			dir += "/Library/Caches"
		}

	case "plan9":
		dir = os.Getenv("home")
		if dir != "" {
			// Plan 9 has no established per-user cache directory,
			// but $home/lib/xyz is the usual equivalent of $HOME/.xyz on Unix.
			dir += "/lib/cache"
		}

	default: // Unix
		// https://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html
		dir = os.Getenv("XDG_CACHE_HOME")
		if dir == "" {
			dir = os.Getenv("HOME")
			if dir != "" {
				dir += "/.cache"
			}
		}
	}

	// if no dir found then use TempDir - we will have a cachedir!
	if dir == "" {
		dir = os.TempDir()
	}
	return filepath.Join(dir, "rclone")
}

// DumpFlags describes the Dump options in force
type DumpFlags int

// DumpFlags definitions
const (
	DumpHeaders DumpFlags = 1 << iota
	DumpBodies
	DumpRequests
	DumpResponses
	DumpAuth
	DumpFilters
)

var dumpFlags = []struct {
	flag DumpFlags
	name string
}{
	{DumpHeaders, "headers"},
	{DumpBodies, "bodies"},
	{DumpRequests, "requests"},
	{DumpResponses, "responses"},
	{DumpAuth, "auth"},
	{DumpFilters, "filters"},
}

// list of dump flags used in the help
var dumpFlagsList string

func init() {
	// calculate the dump flags list
	var out []string
	for _, info := range dumpFlags {
		out = append(out, info.name)
	}
	dumpFlagsList = strings.Join(out, ",")
}

// String turns a DumpFlags into a string
func (f DumpFlags) String() string {
	var out []string
	for _, info := range dumpFlags {
		if f&info.flag != 0 {
			out = append(out, info.name)
			f &^= info.flag
		}
	}
	if f != 0 {
		out = append(out, fmt.Sprintf("Unknown-0x%X", int(f)))
	}
	return strings.Join(out, ",")
}

// Set a DumpFlags as a comma separated list of flags
func (f *DumpFlags) Set(s string) error {
	var flags DumpFlags
	parts := strings.Split(s, ",")
	for _, part := range parts {
		found := false
		part = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(part))
		if part == "" {
			continue
		}
		for _, info := range dumpFlags {
			if part == info.name {
				found = true
				flags |= info.flag
			}
		}
		if !found {
			return errors.Errorf("Unknown dump flag %q", part)
		}
	}
	*f = flags
	return nil
}

// Type of the value
func (f *DumpFlags) Type() string {
	return "string"
}

// Check it satisfies the interface
var _ pflag.Value = (*DumpFlags)(nil)