examples: add an example of NEP11 Divisible token

examples/README.md

@@ -20,18 +20,19 @@ You can use `my_wallet.json` to deploy example contracts.
 
 See the table below for the detailed examples description.
 
-| Example | Description |
+| Example                  | Description |
-| --- | --- |
+|--------------------------| --- |
-| [engine](engine) | This contract demonstrates how to use `runtime` interop package which implements an API for `System.Runtime.*` NEO system calls. Please, refer to the `runtime` [package documentation](../pkg/interop/doc.go) for details. |
+| [engine](engine)         | This contract demonstrates how to use `runtime` interop package which implements an API for `System.Runtime.*` NEO system calls. Please, refer to the `runtime` [package documentation](../pkg/interop/doc.go) for details. |
-| [events](events) | The contract shows how execution notifications with the different arguments types can be sent with the help of `runtime.Notify` function of the `runtime` interop package. Please, refer to the `runtime.Notify` [function documentation](../pkg/interop/runtime/runtime.go) for details. |
+| [events](events)         | The contract shows how execution notifications with the different arguments types can be sent with the help of `runtime.Notify` function of the `runtime` interop package. Please, refer to the `runtime.Notify` [function documentation](../pkg/interop/runtime/runtime.go) for details. |
-| [iterator](iterator) | This example describes a way to work with NEO iterators. Please, refer to the `iterator` [package documentation](../pkg/interop/iterator/iterator.go) for details. |
+| [iterator](iterator)     | This example describes a way to work with NEO iterators. Please, refer to the `iterator` [package documentation](../pkg/interop/iterator/iterator.go) for details. |
-| [nft-nd](nft-nd) | NEP-11 non-divisible NFT. See NEP-11 token standard [specification](https://github.com/neo-project/proposals/pull/130) for details. |
+| [nft-d](nft-d)           | NEP-11 divisible NFT. See NEP-11 token standard [specification](https://github.com/neo-project/proposals/blob/master/nep-11.mediawiki) for details. |
+| [nft-nd](nft-nd)         | NEP-11 non-divisible NFT. See NEP-11 token standard [specification](https://github.com/neo-project/proposals/blob/master/nep-11.mediawiki) for details. |
 | [nft-nd-nns](nft-nd-nns) | Neo Name Service contract which is NEP-11 non-divisible NFT. The contract implements methods for Neo domain name system managing such as domains registration/transferring, records addition and names resolving. |
-| [oracle](oracle) | Oracle demo contract exposing two methods that you can use to process URLs. It uses oracle native contract, see [interop package documentation](../pkg/interop/native/oracle/oracle.go) also. |
+| [oracle](oracle)         | Oracle demo contract exposing two methods that you can use to process URLs. It uses oracle native contract, see [interop package documentation](../pkg/interop/native/oracle/oracle.go) also. |
-| [runtime](runtime) | This contract demonstrates how to use special `_initialize` and `_deploy` methods. See the [compiler documentation](../docs/compiler.md#vm-api-interop-layer ) for methods details. It also shows the pattern for checking owner witness inside the contract with the help of `runtime.CheckWitness` interop [function](../pkg/interop/runtime/runtime.go). |
+| [runtime](runtime)       | This contract demonstrates how to use special `_initialize` and `_deploy` methods. See the [compiler documentation](../docs/compiler.md#vm-api-interop-layer ) for methods details. It also shows the pattern for checking owner witness inside the contract with the help of `runtime.CheckWitness` interop [function](../pkg/interop/runtime/runtime.go). |
-| [storage](storage) | The contract implements API for basic operations with a contract storage. It shows hos to use `storage` interop package. See the `storage` [package documentation](../pkg/interop/storage/storage.go). |
+| [storage](storage)       | The contract implements API for basic operations with a contract storage. It shows hos to use `storage` interop package. See the `storage` [package documentation](../pkg/interop/storage/storage.go). |
-| [timer](timer) | The idea of the contract is to count `tick` method invocations and destroy itself after the third invocation. It shows how to use `contract.Call` interop function to call, update (migrate) and destroy the contract. Please, refer to the `contract.Call` [function documentation](../pkg/interop/contract/contract.go) |
+| [timer](timer)           | The idea of the contract is to count `tick` method invocations and destroy itself after the third invocation. It shows how to use `contract.Call` interop function to call, update (migrate) and destroy the contract. Please, refer to the `contract.Call` [function documentation](../pkg/interop/contract/contract.go) |
-| [token](token) | This contract implements NEP-17 token standard (like NEO and GAS tokens) with all required methods and operations. See the NEP-17 token standard [specification](https://github.com/neo-project/proposals/pull/126) for details. |
+| [token](token)           | This contract implements NEP-17 token standard (like NEO and GAS tokens) with all required methods and operations. See the NEP-17 token standard [specification](https://github.com/neo-project/proposals/pull/126) for details. |
 | [token-sale](token-sale) | The contract represents a token with `allowance`. It means that the token owner should approve token withdrawing before the transfer. The contract demonstrates how interop packages can be combined to work together. |
 
 ## Compile

examples/nft-d/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+module github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/examples/nft
+
+go 1.15
+
+require github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop v0.0.0-20220118080652-4eddfdbbc652

examples/nft-d/go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop v0.0.0-20220118080652-4eddfdbbc652 h1:Paq5oU7mlXjzFcVDD97RA4sxFljAmFrnLrcsObBGIGY=
+github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop v0.0.0-20220118080652-4eddfdbbc652/go.mod h1:/zA6GVDzpSkwq8/HQJxPWDcvfn2BbZnahUO9A1wAevM=

examples/nft-d/nft.go

@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+/*
+Package nft contains divisible non-fungible NEP-11-compatible token
+implementation. This token can be minted with GAS transfer to contract address,
+it will retrieve NeoFS container ID and object ID from the transfer data and
+produce NFT which represents NeoFS object.
+*/
+package nft
+
+import (
+	"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop"
+	"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop/contract"
+	"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop/iterator"
+	"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop/native/gas"
+	"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop/native/management"
+	"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop/native/std"
+	"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop/runtime"
+	"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop/storage"
+	"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/interop/util"
+)
+
+const (
+	decimals   = 2
+	multiplier = 100
+)
+
+// Prefixes used for contract data storage.
+const (
+	totalSupplyPrefix = "s"
+	// balancePrefix contains map from [address + token id] to address's balance of the specified token.
+	balancePrefix = "b"
+	// tokenOwnerPrefix contains map from [token id + owner] to token's owner.
+	tokenOwnerPrefix = "t"
+	// tokenPrefix contains map from token id to empty array.
+	tokenPrefix = "i"
+)
+
+var (
+	// contractOwner is a special address that can perform some management
+	// functions on this contract like updating/destroying it and can also
+	// be used for contract address verification.
+	contractOwner = util.FromAddress("NbrUYaZgyhSkNoRo9ugRyEMdUZxrhkNaWB")
+)
+
+// ObjectIdentifier represents NFT structure and contains the container ID and
+// object ID of the NeoFS object.
+type ObjectIdentifier struct {
+	ContainerID []byte
+	ObjectID    []byte
+}
+
+// Common methods
+
+// Symbol returns token symbol, it's NFSO.
+func Symbol() string {
+	return "NFSO"
+}
+
+// Decimals returns token decimals, this NFT is divisible.
+func Decimals() int {
+	return decimals
+}
+
+// TotalSupply is a contract method that returns the number of tokens minted.
+func TotalSupply() int {
+	return totalSupply(storage.GetReadOnlyContext())
+}
+
+// totalSupply is an internal implementation of TotalSupply operating with
+// given context. The number itself is stored raw in the DB with totalSupplyPrefix
+// key.
+func totalSupply(ctx storage.Context) int {
+	var res int
+
+	val := storage.Get(ctx, []byte(totalSupplyPrefix))
+	if val != nil {
+		res = val.(int)
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+// mkBalancePrefix creates DB key-prefix for account balances specified
+// by concatenating balancePrefix and account address.
+func mkBalancePrefix(holder interop.Hash160) []byte {
+	res := []byte(balancePrefix)
+	return append(res, holder...)
+}
+
+// mkBalanceKey creates DB key for account specified by concatenating balancePrefix,
+// account address and token ID.
+func mkBalanceKey(holder interop.Hash160, tokenID []byte) []byte {
+	res := mkBalancePrefix(holder)
+	return append(res, tokenID...)
+}
+
+// mkTokenOwnerPrefix creates DB key prefix for token specified by its ID.
+func mkTokenOwnerPrefix(tokenID []byte) []byte {
+	res := []byte(tokenOwnerPrefix)
+	return append(res, tokenID...)
+}
+
+// mkTokenOwnerKey creates DB key for token specified by concatenating tokenOwnerPrefix,
+// token ID and holder.
+func mkTokenOwnerKey(tokenID []byte, holder interop.Hash160) []byte {
+	res := mkTokenOwnerPrefix(tokenID)
+	return append(res, holder...)
+}
+
+// mkTokenKey creates DB key for token specified by its ID.
+func mkTokenKey(tokenID []byte) []byte {
+	res := []byte(tokenPrefix)
+	return append(res, tokenID...)
+}
+
+// BalanceOf returns the overall number of tokens owned by specified address.
+func BalanceOf(holder interop.Hash160) int {
+	if len(holder) != interop.Hash160Len {
+		panic("bad owner address")
+	}
+	ctx := storage.GetReadOnlyContext()
+	balance := 0
+	iter := tokensOf(ctx, holder)
+	for iterator.Next(iter) {
+		tokenID := iterator.Value(iter).([]byte)
+		key := mkBalanceKey(holder, tokenID)
+		balance += getBalanceOf(ctx, key)
+	}
+	return balance
+}
+
+// getBalanceOf returns balance of the account of the specified tokenID using
+// database key.
+func getBalanceOf(ctx storage.Context, balanceKey []byte) int {
+	val := storage.Get(ctx, balanceKey)
+	if val != nil {
+		return val.(int)
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+// addToBalance adds amount to the account balance. Amount can be negative. It returns
+// updated balance value.
+func addToBalance(ctx storage.Context, holder interop.Hash160, tokenID []byte, amount int) int {
+	key := mkBalanceKey(holder, tokenID)
+	old := getBalanceOf(ctx, key)
+	old += amount
+	if old > 0 {
+		storage.Put(ctx, key, old)
+	} else {
+		storage.Delete(ctx, key)
+	}
+	return old
+}
+
+// TokensOf returns an iterator with all tokens held by specified address.
+func TokensOf(holder interop.Hash160) iterator.Iterator {
+	if len(holder) != interop.Hash160Len {
+		panic("bad owner address")
+	}
+	ctx := storage.GetReadOnlyContext()
+
+	return tokensOf(ctx, holder)
+}
+
+func tokensOf(ctx storage.Context, holder interop.Hash160) iterator.Iterator {
+	key := mkBalancePrefix(holder)
+	// We don't store zero balances, thus only relevant token IDs of the holder will
+	// be returned.
+	iter := storage.Find(ctx, key, storage.KeysOnly|storage.RemovePrefix)
+	return iter
+}
+
+// Transfer token from its owner to another user, if there's one owner of the token.
+// It will return false if token is shared between multiple owners.
+func Transfer(to interop.Hash160, token []byte, data interface{}) bool {
+	if len(to) != interop.Hash160Len {
+		panic("invalid 'to' address")
+	}
+	ctx := storage.GetContext()
+	var (
+		owner interop.Hash160
+		ok    bool
+	)
+	iter := ownersOf(ctx, token)
+	for iterator.Next(iter) {
+		if ok {
+			// Token is shared between multiple owners.
+			return false
+		}
+		owner = iterator.Value(iter).(interop.Hash160)
+		ok = true
+	}
+	if !ok {
+		panic("unknown token")
+	}
+
+	// Note that although calling script hash is not checked explicitly in
+	// this contract it is in fact checked for in `CheckWitness` itself.
+	if !runtime.CheckWitness(owner) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	key := mkBalanceKey(owner, token)
+	amount := getBalanceOf(ctx, key)
+
+	if string(owner) != string(to) {
+		addToBalance(ctx, owner, token, -amount)
+		removeOwner(ctx, token, owner)
+
+		addToBalance(ctx, to, token, amount)
+		addOwner(ctx, token, to)
+	}
+	postTransfer(owner, to, token, amount, data)
+	return true
+}
+
+// postTransfer emits Transfer event and calls onNEP11Payment if needed.
+func postTransfer(from interop.Hash160, to interop.Hash160, token []byte, amount int, data interface{}) {
+	runtime.Notify("Transfer", from, to, amount, token)
+	if management.GetContract(to) != nil {
+		contract.Call(to, "onNEP11Payment", contract.All, from, amount, token, data)
+	}
+}
+
+// end of common methods.
+
+// Optional methods.
+
+// Properties returns properties of the given NFT.
+func Properties(id []byte) map[string]string {
+	ctx := storage.GetReadOnlyContext()
+	if !isTokenValid(ctx, id) {
+		panic("unknown token")
+	}
+	t := std.Deserialize(id).(ObjectIdentifier)
+	result := map[string]string{
+		"name":        "NFSO " + string(id),
+		"fullName":    "NeoFS Object",
+		"containerID": string(t.ContainerID),
+		"objectID":    string(t.ObjectID),
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// Tokens returns all token IDs minted by the contract.
+func Tokens() iterator.Iterator {
+	ctx := storage.GetReadOnlyContext()
+	prefix := []byte(tokenPrefix)
+	iter := storage.Find(ctx, prefix, storage.KeysOnly|storage.RemovePrefix)
+	return iter
+}
+
+func isTokenValid(ctx storage.Context, tokenID []byte) bool {
+	key := mkTokenKey(tokenID)
+	result := storage.Get(ctx, key)
+	return result != nil
+}
+
+// End of optional methods.
+
+// Divisible methods.
+
+// TransferDivisible token from its owner to another user, notice that it only has three
+// parameters because token owner can be deduced from token ID itself.
+func TransferDivisible(from, to interop.Hash160, amount int, token []byte, data interface{}) bool {
+	if len(from) != interop.Hash160Len {
+		panic("invalid 'from' address")
+	}
+	if len(to) != interop.Hash160Len {
+		panic("invalid 'to' address")
+	}
+	if amount < 0 {
+		panic("negative 'amount'")
+	}
+	if amount > multiplier {
+		panic("invalid 'amount'")
+	}
+	ctx := storage.GetContext()
+	if !isTokenValid(ctx, token) {
+		panic("unknown token")
+	}
+
+	// Note that although calling script hash is not checked explicitly in
+	// this contract it is in fact checked for in `CheckWitness` itself.
+	if !runtime.CheckWitness(from) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	key := mkBalanceKey(from, token)
+	balance := getBalanceOf(ctx, key)
+	if amount > balance {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if string(from) != string(to) {
+		updBalance := addToBalance(ctx, from, token, -amount)
+		if updBalance == 0 {
+			removeOwner(ctx, token, from)
+		}
+
+		updBalance = addToBalance(ctx, to, token, amount)
+		if updBalance != 0 {
+			addOwner(ctx, token, to)
+		}
+	}
+	postTransfer(from, to, token, amount, data)
+	return true
+}
+
+// OwnerOf returns owner of specified token.
+func OwnerOf(token []byte) iterator.Iterator {
+	ctx := storage.GetReadOnlyContext()
+	if !isTokenValid(ctx, token) {
+		panic("unknown token")
+	}
+	return ownersOf(ctx, token)
+}
+
+// BalanceOfDivisible returns the number of token with the specified tokenID owned by specified address.
+func BalanceOfDivisible(holder interop.Hash160, token []byte) int {
+	if len(holder) != interop.Hash160Len {
+		panic("bad holder address")
+	}
+	ctx := storage.GetReadOnlyContext()
+	key := mkBalanceKey(holder, token)
+	return getBalanceOf(ctx, key)
+}
+
+// end of divisible methods.
+
+// ownersOf returns iterator over owners of the specified token. Owner is
+// stored as value of the token key (prefix + token ID + owner).
+func ownersOf(ctx storage.Context, token []byte) iterator.Iterator {
+	key := mkTokenOwnerPrefix(token)
+	iter := storage.Find(ctx, key, storage.ValuesOnly)
+	return iter
+}
+
+func addOwner(ctx storage.Context, token []byte, holder interop.Hash160) {
+	key := mkTokenOwnerKey(token, holder)
+	storage.Put(ctx, key, holder)
+}
+
+func removeOwner(ctx storage.Context, token []byte, holder interop.Hash160) {
+	key := mkTokenOwnerKey(token, holder)
+	storage.Delete(ctx, key)
+}
+
+// OnNEP17Payment mints tokens if at least 10 GAS is provided. You don't call
+// this method directly, instead it's called by GAS contract when you transfer
+// GAS from your address to the address of this NFT contract.
+func OnNEP17Payment(from interop.Hash160, amount int, data interface{}) {
+	if string(runtime.GetCallingScriptHash()) != gas.Hash {
+		panic("only GAS is accepted")
+	}
+	if amount < 10_00000000 {
+		panic("minting NFSO costs at least 10 GAS")
+	}
+	tokenInfo := data.([]interface{})
+	if len(tokenInfo) != 2 {
+		panic("invalid 'data'")
+	}
+	containerID := tokenInfo[0].([]byte)
+	if len(containerID) != 32 {
+		panic("invalid container ID")
+	}
+	objectID := tokenInfo[1].([]byte)
+	if len(objectID) != 32 {
+		panic("invalid object ID")
+	}
+
+	t := ObjectIdentifier{
+		ContainerID: containerID,
+		ObjectID:    objectID,
+	}
+	id := std.Serialize(t)
+
+	var ctx = storage.GetContext()
+	if isTokenValid(ctx, id) {
+		panic("NFSO for the specified address is already minted")
+	}
+	key := mkTokenKey(id)
+	storage.Put(ctx, key, []byte{})
+
+	total := totalSupply(ctx)
+
+	addOwner(ctx, from, id)
+	addToBalance(ctx, from, id, multiplier)
+
+	total++
+	storage.Put(ctx, []byte(totalSupplyPrefix), total)
+
+	postTransfer(nil, from, id, multiplier, nil) // no `data` during minting
+}
+
+// Verify allows owner to manage contract's address, including earned GAS
+// transfer from contract's address to somewhere else. It just checks for transaction
+// to also be signed by contract owner, so contract's witness should be empty.
+func Verify() bool {
+	return runtime.CheckWitness(contractOwner)
+}
+
+// Destroy destroys the contract, only owner can do that.
+func Destroy() {
+	if !Verify() {
+		panic("only owner can destroy")
+	}
+	management.Destroy()
+}
+
+// Update updates the contract, only owner can do that.
+func Update(nef, manifest []byte) {
+	if !Verify() {
+		panic("only owner can update")
+	}
+	management.Update(nef, manifest)
+}

examples/nft-d/nft.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+name: "NFSO NFT"
+sourceurl: https://github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/
+supportedstandards: ["NEP-11"]
+safemethods: ["balanceOf", "decimals", "symbol", "totalSupply", "tokensOf", "ownerOf", "properties", "tokens"]
+events:
+  - name: Transfer
+    parameters:
+      - name: from
+        type: Hash160
+      - name: to
+        type: Hash160
+      - name: amount
+        type: Integer
+      - name: tokenId
+        type: ByteArray
+permissions:
+  - hash: fffdc93764dbaddd97c48f252a53ea4643faa3fd
+    methods: ["update", "destroy"]
+  - methods: ["onNEP11Payment"]
+overloads:
+  balanceOfDivisible: balanceOf
+  transferDivisible: transfer