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Merge pull request #1252 from nspcc-dev/fix/voting

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Implement delegated voting
This commit is contained in:
Roman Khimov 2020-08-07 10:38:32 +03:00 committed by GitHub
commit d571162173
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GPG key ID: 4AEE18F83AFDEB23
28 changed files with 553 additions and 236 deletions
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85
cli/wallet/wallet.go
View file

@ -13,7 +13,11 @@ import (
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/cli/options"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/crypto/keys"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/encoding/address"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/io"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/rpc/client"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/util"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/vm/emit"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/vm/opcode"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/wallet"
"github.com/urfave/cli"
"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/terminal"
@ -186,6 +190,24 @@ func NewCommands() []cli.Command {
Usage: "work with NEP5 contracts",
Subcommands: newNEP5Commands(),
},
{
Name: "vote",
Usage: "vote for a validator",
UsageText: "vote -w <path> -r <rpc> [-t <timeout>] [-g gas] -a <addr> -k <public key>",
Action: handleVote,
Flags: append([]cli.Flag{
walletPathFlag,
gasFlag,
flags.AddressFlag{
Name: "addr, a",
Usage: "Address to vote from",
},
cli.StringFlag{
Name: "key, k",
Usage: "Public key of candidate to vote for",
},
}, options.RPC...),
},
},
}}
}
@ -513,6 +535,69 @@ func createWallet(ctx *cli.Context) error {
return nil
}
func handleVote(ctx *cli.Context) error {
wall, err := openWallet(ctx.String("wallet"))
if err != nil {
return cli.NewExitError(err, 1)
}
addrFlag := ctx.Generic("addr").(*flags.Address)
addr := addrFlag.Uint160()
acc := wall.GetAccount(addr)
if acc == nil {
return cli.NewExitError(fmt.Errorf("can't find account for the address: %s", addrFlag), 1)
}
var pub *keys.PublicKey
pubStr := ctx.String("key")
if pubStr != "" {
pub, err = keys.NewPublicKeyFromString(pubStr)
if err != nil {
return cli.NewExitError(fmt.Errorf("invalid public key: '%s'", pubStr), 1)
}
}
gctx, cancel := options.GetTimeoutContext(ctx)
defer cancel()
c, err := options.GetRPCClient(gctx, ctx)
if err != nil {
return err
}
var pubArg interface{}
if pub != nil {
pubArg = pub.Bytes()
}
gas := flags.Fixed8FromContext(ctx, "gas")
w := io.NewBufBinWriter()
emit.AppCallWithOperationAndArgs(w.BinWriter, client.NeoContractHash, "vote", addr.BytesBE(), pubArg)
emit.Opcode(w.BinWriter, opcode.ASSERT)
tx, err := c.CreateTxFromScript(w.Bytes(), acc, int64(gas))
if err != nil {
return cli.NewExitError(err, 1)
}
if pass, err := readPassword("Password > "); err != nil {
return cli.NewExitError(err, 1)
} else if err := acc.Decrypt(pass); err != nil {
return cli.NewExitError(err, 1)
}
if err = acc.SignTx(tx); err != nil {
return cli.NewExitError(fmt.Errorf("can't sign tx: %v", err), 1)
}
res, err := c.SendRawTransaction(tx)
if err != nil {
return cli.NewExitError(err, 1)
}
fmt.Println(res.StringLE())
return nil
}
func readAccountInfo() (string, string, error) {
buf := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
fmt.Print("Enter the name of the account > ")

3
config/protocol.mainnet.yml
View file

@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
Magic: 5195086
SecondsPerBlock: 15
MemPoolSize: 50000
StandbyValidators:
StandbyCommittee:
- 03b209fd4f53a7170ea4444e0cb0a6bb6a53c2bd016926989cf85f9b0fba17a70c
- 02df48f60e8f3e01c48ff40b9b7f1310d7a8b2a193188befe1c2e3df740e895093
- 03b8d9d5771d8f513aa0869b9cc8d50986403b78c6da36890638c3d46a5adce04a
@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
- 024c7b7fb6c310fccf1ba33b082519d82964ea93868d676662d4a59ad548df0e7d
- 02aaec38470f6aad0042c6e877cfd8087d2676b0f516fddd362801b9bd3936399e
- 02486fd15702c4490a26703112a5cc1d0923fd697a33406bd5a1c00e0013b09a70
ValidatorsCount: 7
SeedList:
- seed1.neo.org:10333
- seed2.neo.org:10333

3
config/protocol.privnet.docker.four.yml
View file

@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
Magic: 56753
SecondsPerBlock: 15
MemPoolSize: 50000
StandbyValidators:
StandbyCommittee:
- 02b3622bf4017bdfe317c58aed5f4c753f206b7db896046fa7d774bbc4bf7f8dc2
- 02103a7f7dd016558597f7960d27c516a4394fd968b9e65155eb4b013e4040406e
- 03d90c07df63e690ce77912e10ab51acc944b66860237b608c4f8f8309e71ee699
- 02a7bc55fe8684e0119768d104ba30795bdcc86619e864add26156723ed185cd62
ValidatorsCount: 4
SeedList:
- 172.200.0.1:20333
- 172.200.0.2:20334

3
config/protocol.privnet.docker.one.yml
View file

@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
Magic: 56753
SecondsPerBlock: 15
MemPoolSize: 50000
StandbyValidators:
StandbyCommittee:
- 02b3622bf4017bdfe317c58aed5f4c753f206b7db896046fa7d774bbc4bf7f8dc2
- 02103a7f7dd016558597f7960d27c516a4394fd968b9e65155eb4b013e4040406e
- 03d90c07df63e690ce77912e10ab51acc944b66860237b608c4f8f8309e71ee699
- 02a7bc55fe8684e0119768d104ba30795bdcc86619e864add26156723ed185cd62
ValidatorsCount: 4
SeedList:
- 172.200.0.1:20333
- 172.200.0.2:20334

3
config/protocol.privnet.docker.single.yml
View file

@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
Magic: 56753
SecondsPerBlock: 1
MemPoolSize: 50000
StandbyValidators:
StandbyCommittee:
- 02b3622bf4017bdfe317c58aed5f4c753f206b7db896046fa7d774bbc4bf7f8dc2
ValidatorsCount: 1
SeedList:
- 172.200.0.1:20333
VerifyBlocks: true

3
config/protocol.privnet.docker.three.yml
View file

@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
Magic: 56753
SecondsPerBlock: 15
MemPoolSize: 50000
StandbyValidators:
StandbyCommittee:
- 02b3622bf4017bdfe317c58aed5f4c753f206b7db896046fa7d774bbc4bf7f8dc2
- 02103a7f7dd016558597f7960d27c516a4394fd968b9e65155eb4b013e4040406e
- 03d90c07df63e690ce77912e10ab51acc944b66860237b608c4f8f8309e71ee699
- 02a7bc55fe8684e0119768d104ba30795bdcc86619e864add26156723ed185cd62
ValidatorsCount: 4
SeedList:
- 172.200.0.1:20333
- 172.200.0.2:20334

3
config/protocol.privnet.docker.two.yml
View file

@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
Magic: 56753
SecondsPerBlock: 15
MemPoolSize: 50000
StandbyValidators:
StandbyCommittee:
- 02b3622bf4017bdfe317c58aed5f4c753f206b7db896046fa7d774bbc4bf7f8dc2
- 02103a7f7dd016558597f7960d27c516a4394fd968b9e65155eb4b013e4040406e
- 03d90c07df63e690ce77912e10ab51acc944b66860237b608c4f8f8309e71ee699
- 02a7bc55fe8684e0119768d104ba30795bdcc86619e864add26156723ed185cd62
ValidatorsCount: 4
SeedList:
- 172.200.0.1:20333
- 172.200.0.2:20334

2
config/protocol.privnet.yml
View file

@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
Magic: 56753
SecondsPerBlock: 15
MemPoolSize: 50000
StandbyValidators:
StandbyCommittee:
- 02b3622bf4017bdfe317c58aed5f4c753f206b7db896046fa7d774bbc4bf7f8dc2
- 02103a7f7dd016558597f7960d27c516a4394fd968b9e65155eb4b013e4040406e
- 03d90c07df63e690ce77912e10ab51acc944b66860237b608c4f8f8309e71ee699

3
config/protocol.testnet.yml
View file

@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
Magic: 1951352142
SecondsPerBlock: 15
MemPoolSize: 50000
StandbyValidators:
StandbyCommittee:
- 023e9b32ea89b94d066e649b124fd50e396ee91369e8e2a6ae1b11c170d022256d
- 03009b7540e10f2562e5fd8fac9eaec25166a58b26e412348ff5a86927bfac22a2
- 02ba2c70f5996f357a43198705859fae2cfea13e1172962800772b3d588a9d4abd
@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
- 02a7834be9b32e2981d157cb5bbd3acb42cfd11ea5c3b10224d7a44e98c5910f1b
- 0214baf0ceea3a66f17e7e1e839ea25fd8bed6cd82e6bb6e68250189065f44ff01
- 030205e9cefaea5a1dfc580af20c8d5aa2468bb0148f1a5e4605fc622c80e604ba
ValidatorsCount: 7
SeedList:
- seed1t.neo.org:20333
- seed2t.neo.org:20333

3
config/protocol.unit_testnet.yml
View file

@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ ProtocolConfiguration:
Magic: 42
SecondsPerBlock: 15
MemPoolSize: 50000
StandbyValidators:
StandbyCommittee:
- 02b3622bf4017bdfe317c58aed5f4c753f206b7db896046fa7d774bbc4bf7f8dc2
- 02103a7f7dd016558597f7960d27c516a4394fd968b9e65155eb4b013e4040406e
- 03d90c07df63e690ce77912e10ab51acc944b66860237b608c4f8f8309e71ee699
- 02a7bc55fe8684e0119768d104ba30795bdcc86619e864add26156723ed185cd62
ValidatorsCount: 4
SeedList:
- 127.0.0.1:20334
- 127.0.0.1:20335

3
pkg/config/protocol_config.go
View file

@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ type (
SaveStorageBatch bool `yaml:"SaveStorageBatch"`
SecondsPerBlock int `yaml:"SecondsPerBlock"`
SeedList []string `yaml:"SeedList"`
StandbyValidators []string `yaml:"StandbyValidators"`
StandbyCommittee []string `yaml:"StandbyCommittee"`
ValidatorsCount int `yaml:"ValidatorsCount"`
// Whether to verify received blocks.
VerifyBlocks bool `yaml:"VerifyBlocks"`
// Whether to verify transactions in received blocks.

15
pkg/core/blockchain.go
View file

@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ type Blockchain struct {
// cache for block verification keys.
keyCache map[util.Uint160]map[string]*keys.PublicKey
sbValidators keys.PublicKeys
sbCommittee keys.PublicKeys
log *zap.Logger
@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func NewBlockchain(s storage.Store, cfg config.ProtocolConfiguration, log *zap.L
cfg.MemPoolSize = defaultMemPoolSize
log.Info("mempool size is not set or wrong, setting default value", zap.Int("MemPoolSize", cfg.MemPoolSize))
}
validators, err := validatorsFromConfig(cfg)
committee, err := committeeFromConfig(cfg)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ func NewBlockchain(s storage.Store, cfg config.ProtocolConfiguration, log *zap.L
runToExitCh: make(chan struct{}),
memPool: mempool.NewMemPool(cfg.MemPoolSize),
keyCache: make(map[util.Uint160]map[string]*keys.PublicKey),
sbValidators: validators,
sbCommittee: committee,
log: log,
events: make(chan bcEvent),
subCh: make(chan interface{}),
@ -1393,7 +1393,12 @@ func (bc *Blockchain) PoolTx(t *transaction.Transaction) error {
//GetStandByValidators returns validators from the configuration.
func (bc *Blockchain) GetStandByValidators() keys.PublicKeys {
return bc.sbValidators.Copy()
return bc.sbCommittee[:bc.config.ValidatorsCount].Copy()
}
// GetStandByCommittee returns standby commitee from the configuration.
func (bc *Blockchain) GetStandByCommittee() keys.PublicKeys {
return bc.sbCommittee.Copy()
}
// GetValidators returns current validators.
@ -1408,7 +1413,7 @@ func (bc *Blockchain) GetNextBlockValidators() ([]*keys.PublicKey, error) {
// GetEnrollments returns all registered validators.
func (bc *Blockchain) GetEnrollments() ([]state.Validator, error) {
return bc.contracts.NEO.GetRegisteredValidators(bc.dao)
return bc.contracts.NEO.GetCandidates(bc.dao)
}
// GetScriptHashesForVerifying returns all the ScriptHashes of a transaction which will be use

1
pkg/core/blockchainer/blockchainer.go
View file

@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ type Blockchainer interface {
GetNEP5TransferLog(util.Uint160) *state.NEP5TransferLog
GetNEP5Balances(util.Uint160) *state.NEP5Balances
GetValidators() ([]*keys.PublicKey, error)
GetStandByCommittee() keys.PublicKeys
GetStandByValidators() keys.PublicKeys
GetScriptHashesForVerifying(*transaction.Transaction) ([]util.Uint160, error)
GetStateRoot(height uint32) (*state.MPTRootState, error)

2
pkg/core/helper_test.go
View file

@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ func addSigners(txs ...*transaction.Transaction) {
func signTx(bc *Blockchain, txs ...*transaction.Transaction) error {
validators := bc.GetStandByValidators()
rawScript, err := smartcontract.CreateMultiSigRedeemScript(len(bc.config.StandbyValidators)/2+1, validators)
rawScript, err := smartcontract.CreateMultiSigRedeemScript(bc.config.ValidatorsCount/2+1, validators)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrap(err, "fail to sign tx")
}

2
pkg/core/native/native_gas.go
View file

@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ func (g *GAS) Initialize(ic *interop.Context) error {
if err := g.nep5TokenNative.Initialize(ic); err != nil {
return err
}
if g.nep5TokenNative.getTotalSupply(ic).Sign() != 0 {
if g.nep5TokenNative.getTotalSupply(ic.DAO).Sign() != 0 {
return errors.New("already initialized")
}
h, _, err := getStandbyValidatorsHash(ic)

333
pkg/core/native/native_neo.go
View file

@ -42,14 +42,16 @@ const (
neoContractID = -1
// NEOTotalSupply is the total amount of NEO in the system.
NEOTotalSupply = 100000000
// prefixValidator is a prefix used to store validator's data.
prefixValidator = 33
// prefixCandidate is a prefix used to store validator's data.
prefixCandidate = 33
// prefixVotersCount is a prefix for storing total amount of NEO of voters.
prefixVotersCount = 1
// effectiveVoterTurnout represents minimal ratio of total supply to total amount voted value
// which is require to use non-standby validators.
effectiveVoterTurnout = 5
)
var (
// validatorsCountKey is a key used to store validators count
// used to determine the real number of validators.
validatorsCountKey = []byte{15}
// nextValidatorsKey is a key used to store validators for the
// next block.
nextValidatorsKey = []byte{14}
@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ func makeValidatorKey(key *keys.PublicKey) []byte {
// Don't create a new buffer.
b = append(b, 0)
copy(b[1:], b[0:])
b[0] = prefixValidator
b[0] = prefixCandidate
return b
}
@ -89,19 +91,28 @@ func NewNEO() *NEO {
md := newMethodAndPrice(n.unclaimedGas, 3000000, smartcontract.AllowStates)
n.AddMethod(md, desc, true)
desc = newDescriptor("registerValidator", smartcontract.BoolType,
desc = newDescriptor("registerCandidate", smartcontract.BoolType,
manifest.NewParameter("pubkey", smartcontract.PublicKeyType))
md = newMethodAndPrice(n.registerValidator, 5000000, smartcontract.AllowModifyStates)
md = newMethodAndPrice(n.registerCandidate, 5000000, smartcontract.AllowModifyStates)
n.AddMethod(md, desc, false)
desc = newDescriptor("unregisterCandidate", smartcontract.BoolType,
manifest.NewParameter("pubkey", smartcontract.PublicKeyType))
md = newMethodAndPrice(n.unregisterCandidate, 5000000, smartcontract.AllowModifyStates)
n.AddMethod(md, desc, false)
desc = newDescriptor("vote", smartcontract.BoolType,
manifest.NewParameter("account", smartcontract.Hash160Type),
manifest.NewParameter("pubkeys", smartcontract.ArrayType))
manifest.NewParameter("pubkey", smartcontract.PublicKeyType))
md = newMethodAndPrice(n.vote, 500000000, smartcontract.AllowModifyStates)
n.AddMethod(md, desc, false)
desc = newDescriptor("getRegisteredValidators", smartcontract.ArrayType)
md = newMethodAndPrice(n.getRegisteredValidatorsCall, 100000000, smartcontract.AllowStates)
desc = newDescriptor("getCandidates", smartcontract.ArrayType)
md = newMethodAndPrice(n.getCandidatesCall, 100000000, smartcontract.AllowStates)
n.AddMethod(md, desc, true)
desc = newDescriptor("getСommittee", smartcontract.ArrayType)
md = newMethodAndPrice(n.getCommittee, 100000000, smartcontract.AllowStates)
n.AddMethod(md, desc, true)
desc = newDescriptor("getValidators", smartcontract.ArrayType)
@ -121,7 +132,7 @@ func (n *NEO) Initialize(ic *interop.Context) error {
return err
}
if n.nep5TokenNative.getTotalSupply(ic).Sign() != 0 {
if n.nep5TokenNative.getTotalSupply(ic.DAO).Sign() != 0 {
return errors.New("already initialized")
}
@ -131,8 +142,13 @@ func (n *NEO) Initialize(ic *interop.Context) error {
}
n.mint(ic, h, big.NewInt(NEOTotalSupply))
err = ic.DAO.PutStorageItem(n.ContractID, []byte{prefixVotersCount}, &state.StorageItem{Value: []byte{0}})
if err != nil {
return err
}
for i := range vs {
if err := n.registerValidatorInternal(ic, vs[i]); err != nil {
if err := n.RegisterCandidateInternal(ic, vs[i]); err != nil {
return err
}
}
@ -166,21 +182,11 @@ func (n *NEO) increaseBalance(ic *interop.Context, h util.Uint160, si *state.Sto
si.Value = acc.Bytes()
return nil
}
if len(acc.Votes) > 0 {
if err := n.ModifyAccountVotes(acc, ic.DAO, amount); err != nil {
if err := n.ModifyAccountVotes(acc, ic.DAO, amount, modifyVoteTransfer); err != nil {
return err
}
siVC := ic.DAO.GetStorageItem(n.ContractID, validatorsCountKey)
if siVC == nil {
return errors.New("validators count uninitialized")
}
vc, err := ValidatorsCountFromBytes(siVC.Value)
if err != nil {
return err
}
vc[len(acc.Votes)-1].Add(&vc[len(acc.Votes)-1], amount)
siVC.Value = vc.Bytes()
if err := ic.DAO.PutStorageItem(n.ContractID, validatorsCountKey, siVC); err != nil {
if acc.VoteTo != nil {
if err := n.modifyVoterTurnout(ic.DAO, amount); err != nil {
return err
}
}
@ -216,43 +222,74 @@ func (n *NEO) unclaimedGas(ic *interop.Context, args []stackitem.Item) stackitem
return stackitem.NewBigInteger(gen)
}
func (n *NEO) registerValidator(ic *interop.Context, args []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
err := n.registerValidatorInternal(ic, toPublicKey(args[0]))
func (n *NEO) registerCandidate(ic *interop.Context, args []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
pub := toPublicKey(args[0])
ok, err := runtime.CheckKeyedWitness(ic, pub)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
} else if !ok {
return stackitem.NewBool(false)
}
err = n.RegisterCandidateInternal(ic, pub)
return stackitem.NewBool(err == nil)
}
func (n *NEO) registerValidatorInternal(ic *interop.Context, pub *keys.PublicKey) error {
// RegisterCandidateInternal registers pub as a new candidate.
func (n *NEO) RegisterCandidateInternal(ic *interop.Context, pub *keys.PublicKey) error {
key := makeValidatorKey(pub)
si := ic.DAO.GetStorageItem(n.ContractID, key)
if si != nil {
return errors.New("already registered")
if si == nil {
c := &candidate{Registered: true}
si = &state.StorageItem{Value: c.Bytes()}
} else {
c := new(candidate).FromBytes(si.Value)
c.Registered = true
si.Value = c.Bytes()
}
si = new(state.StorageItem)
// Zero value.
si.Value = []byte{}
return ic.DAO.PutStorageItem(n.ContractID, key, si)
}
func (n *NEO) unregisterCandidate(ic *interop.Context, args []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
pub := toPublicKey(args[0])
ok, err := runtime.CheckKeyedWitness(ic, pub)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
} else if !ok {
return stackitem.NewBool(false)
}
err = n.UnregisterCandidateInternal(ic, pub)
return stackitem.NewBool(err == nil)
}
// UnregisterCandidateInternal unregisters pub as a candidate.
func (n *NEO) UnregisterCandidateInternal(ic *interop.Context, pub *keys.PublicKey) error {
key := makeValidatorKey(pub)
si := ic.DAO.GetStorageItem(n.ContractID, key)
if si == nil {
return nil
}
n.validators.Store(keys.PublicKeys(nil))
c := new(candidate).FromBytes(si.Value)
if c.Votes.Sign() == 0 {
return ic.DAO.DeleteStorageItem(n.ContractID, key)
}
c.Registered = false
si.Value = c.Bytes()
return ic.DAO.PutStorageItem(n.ContractID, key, si)
}
func (n *NEO) vote(ic *interop.Context, args []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
acc := toUint160(args[0])
arr := args[1].Value().([]stackitem.Item)
var pubs keys.PublicKeys
for i := range arr {
pub := new(keys.PublicKey)
bs, err := arr[i].TryBytes()
if err != nil {
panic(err)
} else if err := pub.DecodeBytes(bs); err != nil {
panic(err)
var pub *keys.PublicKey
if _, ok := args[1].(stackitem.Null); !ok {
pub = toPublicKey(args[1])
}
pubs = append(pubs, pub)
}
err := n.VoteInternal(ic, acc, pubs)
err := n.VoteInternal(ic, acc, pub)
return stackitem.NewBool(err == nil)
}
// VoteInternal votes from account h for validarors specified in pubs.
func (n *NEO) VoteInternal(ic *interop.Context, h util.Uint160, pubs keys.PublicKeys) error {
func (n *NEO) VoteInternal(ic *interop.Context, h util.Uint160, pub *keys.PublicKey) error {
ok, err := runtime.CheckHashedWitness(ic, h)
if err != nil {
return err
@ -268,90 +305,80 @@ func (n *NEO) VoteInternal(ic *interop.Context, h util.Uint160, pubs keys.Public
if err != nil {
return err
}
if err := n.ModifyAccountVotes(acc, ic.DAO, new(big.Int).Neg(&acc.Balance)); err != nil {
return err
if (acc.VoteTo == nil) != (pub == nil) {
val := &acc.Balance
if pub == nil {
val = new(big.Int).Neg(val)
}
pubs = pubs.Unique()
// Check validators registration.
var newPubs keys.PublicKeys
for _, pub := range pubs {
if ic.DAO.GetStorageItem(n.ContractID, makeValidatorKey(pub)) == nil {
continue
}
newPubs = append(newPubs, pub)
}
if lp, lv := len(newPubs), len(acc.Votes); lp != lv {
var si *state.StorageItem
var vc *ValidatorsCount
var err error
si = ic.DAO.GetStorageItem(n.ContractID, validatorsCountKey)
if si == nil {
// The first voter.
si = new(state.StorageItem)
vc = new(ValidatorsCount)
} else {
vc, err = ValidatorsCountFromBytes(si.Value)
if err != nil {
if err := n.modifyVoterTurnout(ic.DAO, val); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if lv > 0 {
vc[lv-1].Sub(&vc[lv-1], &acc.Balance)
}
if len(newPubs) > 0 {
vc[lp-1].Add(&vc[lp-1], &acc.Balance)
}
si.Value = vc.Bytes()
if err := ic.DAO.PutStorageItem(n.ContractID, validatorsCountKey, si); err != nil {
if err := n.ModifyAccountVotes(acc, ic.DAO, new(big.Int).Neg(&acc.Balance), modifyVoteOld); err != nil {
return err
}
}
acc.Votes = newPubs
if err := n.ModifyAccountVotes(acc, ic.DAO, &acc.Balance); err != nil {
acc.VoteTo = pub
if err := n.ModifyAccountVotes(acc, ic.DAO, &acc.Balance, modifyVoteNew); err != nil {
return err
}
si.Value = acc.Bytes()
return ic.DAO.PutStorageItem(n.ContractID, key, si)
}
const (
modifyVoteTransfer = iota
modifyVoteOld
modifyVoteNew
)
// ModifyAccountVotes modifies votes of the specified account by value (can be negative).
func (n *NEO) ModifyAccountVotes(acc *state.NEOBalanceState, d dao.DAO, value *big.Int) error {
for _, vote := range acc.Votes {
key := makeValidatorKey(vote)
// typ specifies if this modify is occuring during transfer or vote (with old or new validator).
func (n *NEO) ModifyAccountVotes(acc *state.NEOBalanceState, d dao.DAO, value *big.Int, typ int) error {
if acc.VoteTo != nil {
key := makeValidatorKey(acc.VoteTo)
si := d.GetStorageItem(n.ContractID, key)
if si == nil {
return errors.New("invalid validator")
}
votes := bigint.FromBytes(si.Value)
votes.Add(votes, value)
si.Value = bigint.ToPreallocatedBytes(votes, si.Value[:0])
if err := d.PutStorageItem(n.ContractID, key, si); err != nil {
return err
cd := new(candidate).FromBytes(si.Value)
cd.Votes.Add(&cd.Votes, value)
switch typ {
case modifyVoteOld:
if !cd.Registered && cd.Votes.Sign() == 0 {
return d.DeleteStorageItem(n.ContractID, key)
}
case modifyVoteNew:
if !cd.Registered {
return errors.New("validator must be registered")
}
}
n.validators.Store(keys.PublicKeys(nil))
si.Value = cd.Bytes()
return d.PutStorageItem(n.ContractID, key, si)
}
return nil
}
func (n *NEO) getRegisteredValidators(d dao.DAO) ([]keyWithVotes, error) {
siMap, err := d.GetStorageItemsWithPrefix(n.ContractID, []byte{prefixValidator})
func (n *NEO) getCandidates(d dao.DAO) ([]keyWithVotes, error) {
siMap, err := d.GetStorageItemsWithPrefix(n.ContractID, []byte{prefixCandidate})
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
arr := make([]keyWithVotes, 0, len(siMap))
for key, si := range siMap {
votes := bigint.FromBytes(si.Value)
arr = append(arr, keyWithVotes{key, votes})
c := new(candidate).FromBytes(si.Value)
if c.Registered {
arr = append(arr, keyWithVotes{key, &c.Votes})
}
}
sort.Slice(arr, func(i, j int) bool { return strings.Compare(arr[i].Key, arr[j].Key) == -1 })
return arr, nil
}
// GetRegisteredValidators returns current registered validators list with keys
// GetCandidates returns current registered validators list with keys
// and votes.
func (n *NEO) GetRegisteredValidators(d dao.DAO) ([]state.Validator, error) {
kvs, err := n.getRegisteredValidators(d)
func (n *NEO) GetCandidates(d dao.DAO) ([]state.Validator, error) {
kvs, err := n.getCandidates(d)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
@ -366,8 +393,8 @@ func (n *NEO) GetRegisteredValidators(d dao.DAO) ([]state.Validator, error) {
return arr, nil
}
func (n *NEO) getRegisteredValidatorsCall(ic *interop.Context, _ []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
validators, err := n.getRegisteredValidators(ic.DAO)
func (n *NEO) getCandidatesCall(ic *interop.Context, _ []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
validators, err := n.getCandidates(ic.DAO)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
@ -386,53 +413,15 @@ func (n *NEO) GetValidatorsInternal(bc blockchainer.Blockchainer, d dao.DAO) (ke
if vals := n.validators.Load().(keys.PublicKeys); vals != nil {
return vals.Copy(), nil
}
standByValidators := bc.GetStandByValidators()
si := d.GetStorageItem(n.ContractID, validatorsCountKey)
if si == nil {
n.validators.Store(standByValidators)
return standByValidators.Copy(), nil
}
validatorsCount, err := ValidatorsCountFromBytes(si.Value)
result, err := n.getCommitteeMembers(bc, d)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
validators, err := n.GetRegisteredValidators(d)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
count := bc.GetConfig().ValidatorsCount
if len(result) < count {
count = len(result)
}
sort.Slice(validators, func(i, j int) bool {
// The most-voted validators should end up in the front of the list.
cmp := validators[i].Votes.Cmp(validators[j].Votes)
if cmp != 0 {
return cmp > 0
}
// Ties are broken with public keys.
return validators[i].Key.Cmp(validators[j].Key) == -1
})
count := validatorsCount.GetWeightedAverage()
if count < len(standByValidators) {
count = len(standByValidators)
}
uniqueSBValidators := standByValidators.Unique()
result := keys.PublicKeys{}
for _, validator := range validators {
if validator.Votes.Sign() > 0 || uniqueSBValidators.Contains(validator.Key) {
result = append(result, validator.Key)
}
}
if result.Len() >= count {
result = result[:count]
} else {
for i := 0; i < uniqueSBValidators.Len() && result.Len() < count; i++ {
if !result.Contains(uniqueSBValidators[i]) {
result = append(result, uniqueSBValidators[i])
}
}
}
sort.Sort(result)
n.validators.Store(result)
return result, nil
}
@ -445,6 +434,68 @@ func (n *NEO) getValidators(ic *interop.Context, _ []stackitem.Item) stackitem.I
return pubsToArray(result)
}
func (n *NEO) getCommittee(ic *interop.Context, _ []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
pubs, err := n.getCommitteeMembers(ic.Chain, ic.DAO)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
sort.Sort(pubs)
return pubsToArray(pubs)
}
func (n *NEO) modifyVoterTurnout(d dao.DAO, amount *big.Int) error {
key := []byte{prefixVotersCount}
si := d.GetStorageItem(n.ContractID, key)
if si == nil {
return errors.New("voters count not found")
}
votersCount := bigint.FromBytes(si.Value)
votersCount.Add(votersCount, amount)
si.Value = bigint.ToBytes(votersCount)
return d.PutStorageItem(n.ContractID, key, si)
}
func (n *NEO) getCommitteeMembers(bc blockchainer.Blockchainer, d dao.DAO) (keys.PublicKeys, error) {
key := []byte{prefixVotersCount}
si := d.GetStorageItem(n.ContractID, key)
if si == nil {
return nil, errors.New("voters count not found")
}
votersCount := bigint.FromBytes(si.Value)
// votersCount / totalSupply must be >= 0.2
votersCount.Mul(votersCount, big.NewInt(effectiveVoterTurnout))
voterTurnout := votersCount.Div(votersCount, n.getTotalSupply(d))
if voterTurnout.Sign() != 1 {
return bc.GetStandByValidators(), nil
}
cs, err := n.getCandidates(d)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
sbVals := bc.GetStandByValidators()
count := len(sbVals)
if len(cs) < count {
return sbVals, nil
}
sort.Slice(cs, func(i, j int) bool {
// The most-voted validators should end up in the front of the list.
cmp := cs[i].Votes.Cmp(cs[j].Votes)
if cmp != 0 {
return cmp > 0
}
// Ties are broken with public keys.
return strings.Compare(cs[i].Key, cs[j].Key) == -1
})
pubs := make(keys.PublicKeys, count)
for i := range pubs {
pubs[i], err = keys.NewPublicKeyFromBytes([]byte(cs[i].Key), elliptic.P256())
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
return pubs, nil
}
func (n *NEO) getNextBlockValidators(ic *interop.Context, _ []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
result, err := n.getNextBlockValidatorsInternal(ic.Chain, ic.DAO)
if err != nil {

48
pkg/core/native/native_neo_candidate.go Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
package native
import (
"math/big"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/io"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/vm/stackitem"
)
type candidate struct {
Registered bool
Votes big.Int
}
// Bytes marshals c to byte array.
func (c *candidate) Bytes() []byte {
w := io.NewBufBinWriter()
stackitem.EncodeBinaryStackItem(c.toStackItem(), w.BinWriter)
return w.Bytes()
}
// FromBytes unmarshals candidate from byte array.
func (c *candidate) FromBytes(data []byte) *candidate {
r := io.NewBinReaderFromBuf(data)
item := stackitem.DecodeBinaryStackItem(r)
if r.Err != nil {
panic(r.Err)
}
return c.fromStackItem(item)
}
func (c *candidate) toStackItem() stackitem.Item {
return stackitem.NewStruct([]stackitem.Item{
stackitem.NewBool(c.Registered),
stackitem.NewBigInteger(&c.Votes),
})
}
func (c *candidate) fromStackItem(item stackitem.Item) *candidate {
arr := item.(*stackitem.Struct).Value().([]stackitem.Item)
vs, err := arr[1].TryInteger()
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
c.Registered = arr[0].Bool()
c.Votes = *vs
return c
}

18
pkg/core/native/native_neo_test.go Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
package native
import (
"math/big"
"testing"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
)
func TestCandidate_Bytes(t *testing.T) {
expected := &candidate{
Registered: true,
Votes: *big.NewInt(0x0F),
}
data := expected.Bytes()
actual := new(candidate).FromBytes(data)
require.Equal(t, expected, actual)
}

20
pkg/core/native/native_nep5.go
View file

@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
"errors"
"math/big"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/core/dao"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/core/interop"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/core/interop/runtime"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/core/state"
@ -104,27 +105,27 @@ func (c *nep5TokenNative) Decimals(_ *interop.Context, _ []stackitem.Item) stack
}
func (c *nep5TokenNative) TotalSupply(ic *interop.Context, _ []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
return stackitem.NewBigInteger(c.getTotalSupply(ic))
return stackitem.NewBigInteger(c.getTotalSupply(ic.DAO))
}
func (c *nep5TokenNative) getTotalSupply(ic *interop.Context) *big.Int {
si := ic.DAO.GetStorageItem(c.ContractID, totalSupplyKey)
func (c *nep5TokenNative) getTotalSupply(d dao.DAO) *big.Int {
si := d.GetStorageItem(c.ContractID, totalSupplyKey)
if si == nil {
return big.NewInt(0)
}
return bigint.FromBytes(si.Value)
}
func (c *nep5TokenNative) saveTotalSupply(ic *interop.Context, supply *big.Int) error {
func (c *nep5TokenNative) saveTotalSupply(d dao.DAO, supply *big.Int) error {
si := &state.StorageItem{Value: bigint.ToBytes(supply)}
return ic.DAO.PutStorageItem(c.ContractID, totalSupplyKey, si)
return d.PutStorageItem(c.ContractID, totalSupplyKey, si)
}
func (c *nep5TokenNative) Transfer(ic *interop.Context, args []stackitem.Item) stackitem.Item {
from := toUint160(args[0])
to := toUint160(args[1])
amount := toBigInt(args[2])
err := c.transfer(ic, from, to, amount)
err := c.TransferInternal(ic, from, to, amount)
return stackitem.NewBool(err == nil)
}
@ -170,7 +171,8 @@ func (c *nep5TokenNative) updateAccBalance(ic *interop.Context, acc util.Uint160
return err
}
func (c *nep5TokenNative) transfer(ic *interop.Context, from, to util.Uint160, amount *big.Int) error {
// TransferInternal transfers NEO between accounts.
func (c *nep5TokenNative) TransferInternal(ic *interop.Context, from, to util.Uint160, amount *big.Int) error {
if amount.Sign() == -1 {
return errors.New("negative amount")
}
@ -248,9 +250,9 @@ func (c *nep5TokenNative) addTokens(ic *interop.Context, h util.Uint160, amount
panic(err)
}
supply := c.getTotalSupply(ic)
supply := c.getTotalSupply(ic.DAO)
supply.Add(supply, amount)
err := c.saveTotalSupply(ic, supply)
err := c.saveTotalSupply(ic.DAO, supply)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}

48
pkg/core/native/validators_count.go
View file

@ -63,51 +63,3 @@ func (vc *ValidatorsCount) DecodeBinary(r *io.BinReader) {
vc[i] = *bigint.FromBytes(buf)
}
}
// GetWeightedAverage returns an average count of validators that's been voted
// for not counting 1/4 of minimum and maximum numbers.
func (vc *ValidatorsCount) GetWeightedAverage() int {
const (
lowerThreshold = 0.25
upperThreshold = 0.75
)
var (
sumWeight, sumValue, overallSum, slidingSum int64
slidingRatio float64
)
for i := range vc {
overallSum += vc[i].Int64()
}
for i := range vc {
if slidingRatio >= upperThreshold {
break
}
weight := vc[i].Int64()
slidingSum += weight
previousRatio := slidingRatio
slidingRatio = float64(slidingSum) / float64(overallSum)
if slidingRatio <= lowerThreshold {
continue
}
if previousRatio < lowerThreshold {
if slidingRatio > upperThreshold {
weight = int64((upperThreshold - lowerThreshold) * float64(overallSum))
} else {
weight = int64((slidingRatio - lowerThreshold) * float64(overallSum))
}
} else if slidingRatio > upperThreshold {
weight = int64((upperThreshold - previousRatio) * float64(overallSum))
}
sumWeight += weight
// Votes with N values get stored with N-1 index, thus +1 here.
sumValue += (int64(i) + 1) * weight
}
if sumValue == 0 || sumWeight == 0 {
return 0
}
return int(sumValue / sumWeight)
}

104
pkg/core/native_neo_test.go Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
package core
import (
"math/big"
"testing"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/config/netmode"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/core/transaction"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/crypto/keys"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/internal/testchain"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/smartcontract/trigger"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/util"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
)
// testScriptGetter is an auxilliary struct to pass CheckWitness checks.
type testScriptGetter struct {
h util.Uint160
}
func (t testScriptGetter) GetCallingScriptHash() util.Uint160 { return t.h }
func (t testScriptGetter) GetEntryScriptHash() util.Uint160 { return t.h }
func (t testScriptGetter) GetCurrentScriptHash() util.Uint160 { return t.h }
func setSigner(tx *transaction.Transaction, h util.Uint160) {
tx.Signers = []transaction.Signer{{
Account: h,
Scopes: transaction.Global,
}}
}
func TestNEO_Vote(t *testing.T) {
bc := newTestChain(t)
defer bc.Close()
neo := bc.contracts.NEO
tx := transaction.New(netmode.UnitTestNet, []byte{}, 0)
ic := bc.newInteropContext(trigger.System, bc.dao, nil, tx)
pubs, err := neo.GetValidatorsInternal(bc, ic.DAO)
require.NoError(t, err)
require.Equal(t, bc.GetStandByValidators(), pubs)
sz := testchain.Size()
candidates := make(keys.PublicKeys, sz)
for i := 0; i < sz; i++ {
priv, err := keys.NewPrivateKey()
require.NoError(t, err)
candidates[i] = priv.PublicKey()
if i > 0 {
require.NoError(t, neo.RegisterCandidateInternal(ic, candidates[i]))
}
}
for i := 0; i < sz; i++ {
to := testchain.PrivateKeyByID(i).GetScriptHash()
ic.ScriptGetter = testScriptGetter{testchain.MultisigScriptHash()}
require.NoError(t, neo.TransferInternal(ic, testchain.MultisigScriptHash(), to, big.NewInt(int64(sz-i)*10000000)))
}
for i := 1; i < sz; i++ {
h := testchain.PrivateKeyByID(i).GetScriptHash()
setSigner(tx, h)
ic.ScriptGetter = testScriptGetter{h}
require.NoError(t, neo.VoteInternal(ic, h, candidates[i]))
}
// First 3 validators must be the ones we have voted for.
pubs, err = neo.GetValidatorsInternal(bc, ic.DAO)
require.NoError(t, err)
for i := 1; i < sz; i++ {
require.Equal(t, pubs[i-1], candidates[i])
}
var ok bool
for _, p := range bc.GetStandByValidators() {
if pubs[sz-1].Equal(p) {
ok = true
break
}
}
require.True(t, ok, "last validator must be stand by")
// Register and give some value to the last validator.
require.NoError(t, neo.RegisterCandidateInternal(ic, candidates[0]))
h := testchain.PrivateKeyByID(0).GetScriptHash()
setSigner(tx, h)
ic.ScriptGetter = testScriptGetter{h}
require.NoError(t, neo.VoteInternal(ic, h, candidates[0]))
pubs, err = neo.GetValidatorsInternal(bc, ic.DAO)
require.NoError(t, err)
require.Equal(t, candidates, pubs)
require.NoError(t, neo.UnregisterCandidateInternal(ic, candidates[0]))
require.Error(t, neo.VoteInternal(ic, h, candidates[0]))
pubs, err = neo.GetValidatorsInternal(bc, ic.DAO)
require.NoError(t, err)
for i := range pubs {
require.NotEqual(t, candidates[0], pubs[i])
}
}

25
pkg/core/state/native_state.go
View file

@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
package state
import (
"crypto/elliptic"
"math/big"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/crypto/keys"
@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ type NEP5BalanceState struct {
type NEOBalanceState struct {
NEP5BalanceState
BalanceHeight uint32
Votes keys.PublicKeys
VoteTo *keys.PublicKey
}
// NEP5BalanceStateFromBytes converts serialized NEP5BalanceState to structure.
@ -110,7 +111,11 @@ func (s *NEOBalanceState) DecodeBinary(r *io.BinReader) {
func (s *NEOBalanceState) toStackItem() stackitem.Item {
result := s.NEP5BalanceState.toStackItem().(*stackitem.Struct)
result.Append(stackitem.NewBigInteger(big.NewInt(int64(s.BalanceHeight))))
result.Append(stackitem.NewByteArray(s.Votes.Bytes()))
if s.VoteTo != nil {
result.Append(stackitem.NewByteArray(s.VoteTo.Bytes()))
} else {
result.Append(stackitem.Null{})
}
return result
}
@ -118,6 +123,18 @@ func (s *NEOBalanceState) fromStackItem(item stackitem.Item) error {
structItem := item.Value().([]stackitem.Item)
s.Balance = *structItem[0].Value().(*big.Int)
s.BalanceHeight = uint32(structItem[1].Value().(*big.Int).Int64())
s.Votes = make(keys.PublicKeys, 0)
return s.Votes.DecodeBytes(structItem[2].Value().([]byte))
if _, ok := structItem[2].(stackitem.Null); ok {
s.VoteTo = nil
return nil
}
bs, err := structItem[2].TryBytes()
if err != nil {
return err
}
pub, err := keys.NewPublicKeyFromBytes(bs, elliptic.P256())
if err != nil {
return err
}
s.VoteTo = pub
return nil
}

18
pkg/core/util.go
View file

@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
package core
import (
"errors"
"time"
"github.com/nspcc-dev/neo-go/pkg/config"
@ -94,9 +95,20 @@ func deployNativeContracts(magic netmode.Magic) *transaction.Transaction {
}
func validatorsFromConfig(cfg config.ProtocolConfiguration) ([]*keys.PublicKey, error) {
validators := make([]*keys.PublicKey, len(cfg.StandbyValidators))
for i, pubKeyStr := range cfg.StandbyValidators {
pubKey, err := keys.NewPublicKeyFromString(pubKeyStr)
vs, err := committeeFromConfig(cfg)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return vs[:cfg.ValidatorsCount], nil
}
func committeeFromConfig(cfg config.ProtocolConfiguration) ([]*keys.PublicKey, error) {
if len(cfg.StandbyCommittee) < cfg.ValidatorsCount {
return nil, errors.New("validators count can be less than the size of StandbyCommittee")
}
validators := make([]*keys.PublicKey, len(cfg.StandbyCommittee))
for i := range validators {
pubKey, err := keys.NewPublicKeyFromString(cfg.StandbyCommittee[i])
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}

3
pkg/network/helper_test.go
View file

@ -103,6 +103,9 @@ func (chain testChain) GetNEP5Balances(util.Uint160) *state.NEP5Balances {
func (chain testChain) GetValidators() ([]*keys.PublicKey, error) {
panic("TODO")
}
func (chain testChain) GetStandByCommittee() keys.PublicKeys {
panic("TODO")
}
func (chain testChain) GetStandByValidators() keys.PublicKeys {
panic("TODO")
}

9
pkg/rpc/client/nep5.go
View file

@ -131,8 +131,15 @@ func (c *Client) CreateNEP5MultiTransferTx(acc *wallet.Account, gas int64, recep
recepients[i].Address, recepients[i].Amount)
emit.Opcode(w.BinWriter, opcode.ASSERT)
}
return c.CreateTxFromScript(w.Bytes(), acc, gas)
}
script := w.Bytes()
// CreateTxFromScript creates transaction and properly sets cosigners and NetworkFee.
func (c *Client) CreateTxFromScript(script []byte, acc *wallet.Account, gas int64) (*transaction.Transaction, error) {
from, err := address.StringToUint160(acc.Address)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("bad account address: %v", err)
}
result, err := c.InvokeScript(script, []transaction.Signer{
{
Account: from,

1
pkg/rpc/server/server_test.go
View file

@ -1125,7 +1125,6 @@ func checkNep5Transfers(t *testing.T, e *executor, acc interface{}) {
TxHash: b.Hash(),
})
}
}
require.Equal(t, expected.Address, res.Address)
require.ElementsMatch(t, expected.Sent, res.Sent)

3
pkg/vm/emit/emit.go
View file

@ -79,9 +79,12 @@ func Array(w *io.BinWriter, es ...interface{}) {
case bool:
Bool(w, e)
default:
if es[i] != nil {
w.Err = errors.New("unsupported type")
return
}
Opcode(w, opcode.PUSHNULL)
}
}
Int(w, int64(len(es)))
Opcode(w, opcode.PACK)

3
pkg/vm/emit/emit_test.go
View file

@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ func TestBytes(t *testing.T) {
func TestEmitArray(t *testing.T) {
t.Run("good", func(t *testing.T) {
buf := io.NewBufBinWriter()
Array(buf.BinWriter, int64(1), "str", true, []byte{0xCA, 0xFE})
Array(buf.BinWriter, nil, int64(1), "str", true, []byte{0xCA, 0xFE})
require.NoError(t, buf.Err)
res := buf.Bytes()
@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ func TestEmitArray(t *testing.T) {
assert.EqualValues(t, 3, res[6])
assert.EqualValues(t, []byte("str"), res[7:10])
assert.EqualValues(t, opcode.PUSH1, res[10])
assert.EqualValues(t, opcode.PUSHNULL, res[11])
})
t.Run("empty", func(t *testing.T) {