certificates/ca/client.go

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package ca
import (
"bytes"
"crypto"
"crypto/ecdsa"
"crypto/elliptic"
"crypto/rand"
"crypto/sha256"
"crypto/tls"
"crypto/x509"
"crypto/x509/pkix"
"encoding/hex"
"encoding/json"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"strconv"
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"strings"
"github.com/pkg/errors"
"github.com/smallstep/certificates/api"
"github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority"
"github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/provisioner"
"github.com/smallstep/cli/config"
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"github.com/smallstep/cli/crypto/x509util"
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"gopkg.in/square/go-jose.v2/jwt"
)
// ClientOption is the type of options passed to the Client constructor.
type ClientOption func(o *clientOptions) error
type clientOptions struct {
transport http.RoundTripper
rootSHA256 string
rootFilename string
rootBundle []byte
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}
func (o *clientOptions) apply(opts []ClientOption) (err error) {
for _, fn := range opts {
if err = fn(o); err != nil {
return
}
}
return
}
// checkTransport checks if other ways to set up a transport have been provided.
// If they have it returns an error.
func (o *clientOptions) checkTransport() error {
if o.transport != nil || o.rootFilename != "" || o.rootSHA256 != "" || o.rootBundle != nil {
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return errors.New("multiple transport methods have been configured")
}
return nil
}
// getTransport returns the transport configured in the clientOptions.
func (o *clientOptions) getTransport(endpoint string) (tr http.RoundTripper, err error) {
if o.transport != nil {
tr = o.transport
}
if o.rootFilename != "" {
if tr, err = getTransportFromFile(o.rootFilename); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
if o.rootSHA256 != "" {
if tr, err = getTransportFromSHA256(endpoint, o.rootSHA256); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
if o.rootBundle != nil {
if tr, err = getTransportFromCABundle(o.rootBundle); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
// As the last option attempt to load the default root ca
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if tr == nil {
rootFile := getRootCAPath()
if _, err := os.Stat(rootFile); err == nil {
if tr, err = getTransportFromFile(rootFile); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return tr, nil
}
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return nil, errors.New("a transport, a root cert, or a root sha256 must be used")
}
return tr, nil
}
// WithTransport adds a custom transport to the Client. It will fail if a
// previous option to create the transport has been configured.
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func WithTransport(tr http.RoundTripper) ClientOption {
return func(o *clientOptions) error {
if err := o.checkTransport(); err != nil {
return err
}
o.transport = tr
return nil
}
}
// WithRootFile will create the transport using the given root certificate. It
// will fail if a previous option to create the transport has been configured.
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func WithRootFile(filename string) ClientOption {
return func(o *clientOptions) error {
if err := o.checkTransport(); err != nil {
return err
}
o.rootFilename = filename
return nil
}
}
// WithRootSHA256 will create the transport using an insecure client to retrieve
// the root certificate using its fingerprint. It will fail if a previous option
// to create the transport has been configured.
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func WithRootSHA256(sum string) ClientOption {
return func(o *clientOptions) error {
if err := o.checkTransport(); err != nil {
return err
}
o.rootSHA256 = sum
return nil
}
}
// WithCABundle will create the transport using the given root certificates. It
// will fail if a previous option to create the transport has been configured.
func WithCABundle(bundle []byte) ClientOption {
return func(o *clientOptions) error {
if err := o.checkTransport(); err != nil {
return err
}
o.rootBundle = bundle
return nil
}
}
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func getTransportFromFile(filename string) (http.RoundTripper, error) {
data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filename)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", filename)
}
pool := x509.NewCertPool()
if !pool.AppendCertsFromPEM(data) {
return nil, errors.Errorf("error parsing %s: no certificates found", filename)
}
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return getDefaultTransport(&tls.Config{
MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12,
PreferServerCipherSuites: true,
RootCAs: pool,
})
}
func getTransportFromSHA256(endpoint, sum string) (http.RoundTripper, error) {
u, err := parseEndpoint(endpoint)
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if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
client := &Client{endpoint: u}
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root, err := client.Root(sum)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
pool := x509.NewCertPool()
pool.AddCert(root.RootPEM.Certificate)
return getDefaultTransport(&tls.Config{
MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12,
PreferServerCipherSuites: true,
RootCAs: pool,
})
}
func getTransportFromCABundle(bundle []byte) (http.RoundTripper, error) {
pool := x509.NewCertPool()
if !pool.AppendCertsFromPEM(bundle) {
return nil, errors.New("error parsing ca bundle: no certificates found")
}
return getDefaultTransport(&tls.Config{
MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12,
PreferServerCipherSuites: true,
RootCAs: pool,
})
}
// parseEndpoint parses and validates the given endpoint. It supports general
// URLs like https://ca.smallstep.com[:port][/path], and incomplete URLs like
// ca.smallstep.com[:port][/path].
func parseEndpoint(endpoint string) (*url.URL, error) {
u, err := url.Parse(endpoint)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error parsing endpoint '%s'", endpoint)
}
// URLs are generally parsed as:
// [scheme:][//[userinfo@]host][/]path[?query][#fragment]
// But URLs that do not start with a slash after the scheme are interpreted as
// scheme:opaque[?query][#fragment]
if u.Opaque == "" {
if u.Scheme == "" {
u.Scheme = "https"
}
if u.Host == "" {
// endpoint looks like ca.smallstep.com or ca.smallstep.com/1.0/sign
if u.Path != "" {
parts := strings.SplitN(u.Path, "/", 2)
u.Host = parts[0]
if len(parts) == 2 {
u.Path = parts[1]
} else {
u.Path = ""
}
return parseEndpoint(u.String())
}
return nil, errors.Errorf("error parsing endpoint: url '%s' is not valid", endpoint)
}
return u, nil
}
// scheme:opaque[?query][#fragment]
// endpoint looks like ca.smallstep.com:443 or ca.smallstep.com:443/1.0/sign
return parseEndpoint("https://" + endpoint)
}
// ProvisionerOption is the type of options passed to the Provisioner method.
type ProvisionerOption func(o *provisionerOptions) error
type provisionerOptions struct {
cursor string
limit int
}
func (o *provisionerOptions) apply(opts []ProvisionerOption) (err error) {
for _, fn := range opts {
if err = fn(o); err != nil {
return
}
}
return
}
func (o *provisionerOptions) rawQuery() string {
v := url.Values{}
if len(o.cursor) > 0 {
v.Set("cursor", o.cursor)
}
if o.limit > 0 {
v.Set("limit", strconv.Itoa(o.limit))
}
return v.Encode()
}
// WithProvisionerCursor will request the provisioners starting with the given cursor.
func WithProvisionerCursor(cursor string) ProvisionerOption {
return func(o *provisionerOptions) error {
o.cursor = cursor
return nil
}
}
// WithProvisionerLimit will request the given number of provisioners.
func WithProvisionerLimit(limit int) ProvisionerOption {
return func(o *provisionerOptions) error {
o.limit = limit
return nil
}
}
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// Client implements an HTTP client for the CA server.
type Client struct {
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client *http.Client
endpoint *url.URL
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}
// NewClient creates a new Client with the given endpoint and options.
func NewClient(endpoint string, opts ...ClientOption) (*Client, error) {
u, err := parseEndpoint(endpoint)
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if err != nil {
return nil, err
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}
// Retrieve transport from options.
o := new(clientOptions)
if err := o.apply(opts); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
tr, err := o.getTransport(endpoint)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &Client{
client: &http.Client{
Transport: tr,
},
endpoint: u,
}, nil
}
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// SetTransport updates the transport of the internal HTTP client.
func (c *Client) SetTransport(tr http.RoundTripper) {
c.client.Transport = tr
}
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// Health performs the health request to the CA and returns the
// api.HealthResponse struct.
func (c *Client) Health() (*api.HealthResponse, error) {
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/health"})
resp, err := c.client.Get(u.String())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client GET %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var health api.HealthResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &health); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &health, nil
}
// Root performs the root request to the CA with the given SHA256 and returns
// the api.RootResponse struct. It uses an insecure client, but it checks the
// resulting root certificate with the given SHA256, returning an error if they
// do not match.
func (c *Client) Root(sha256Sum string) (*api.RootResponse, error) {
sha256Sum = strings.ToLower(strings.Replace(sha256Sum, "-", "", -1))
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/root/" + sha256Sum})
resp, err := getInsecureClient().Get(u.String())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client GET %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var root api.RootResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &root); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
// verify the sha256
sum := sha256.Sum256(root.RootPEM.Raw)
if sha256Sum != strings.ToLower(hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])) {
return nil, errors.New("root certificate SHA256 fingerprint do not match")
}
return &root, nil
}
// Sign performs the sign request to the CA and returns the api.SignResponse
// struct.
func (c *Client) Sign(req *api.SignRequest) (*api.SignResponse, error) {
body, err := json.Marshal(req)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error marshaling request")
}
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/sign"})
resp, err := c.client.Post(u.String(), "application/json", bytes.NewReader(body))
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client POST %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var sign api.SignResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &sign); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
// Add tls.ConnectionState:
// We'll extract the root certificate from the verified chains
sign.TLS = resp.TLS
return &sign, nil
}
// Renew performs the renew request to the CA and returns the api.SignResponse
// struct.
func (c *Client) Renew(tr http.RoundTripper) (*api.SignResponse, error) {
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/renew"})
client := &http.Client{Transport: tr}
resp, err := client.Post(u.String(), "application/json", http.NoBody)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client POST %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var sign api.SignResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &sign); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &sign, nil
}
// Revoke performs the revoke request to the CA and returns the api.RevokeResponse
// struct.
func (c *Client) Revoke(req *api.RevokeRequest, tr http.RoundTripper) (*api.RevokeResponse, error) {
body, err := json.Marshal(req)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error marshaling request")
}
var client *http.Client
if tr != nil {
client = &http.Client{Transport: tr}
} else {
client = c.client
}
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/revoke"})
resp, err := client.Post(u.String(), "application/json", bytes.NewReader(body))
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client POST %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var revoke api.RevokeResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &revoke); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &revoke, nil
}
// Provisioners performs the provisioners request to the CA and returns the
// api.ProvisionersResponse struct with a map of provisioners.
//
// ProvisionerOption WithProvisionerCursor and WithProvisionLimit can be used to
// paginate the provisioners.
func (c *Client) Provisioners(opts ...ProvisionerOption) (*api.ProvisionersResponse, error) {
o := new(provisionerOptions)
if err := o.apply(opts); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{
Path: "/provisioners",
RawQuery: o.rawQuery(),
})
resp, err := c.client.Get(u.String())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client GET %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var provisioners api.ProvisionersResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &provisioners); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &provisioners, nil
}
// ProvisionerKey performs the request to the CA to get the encrypted key for
// the given provisioner kid and returns the api.ProvisionerKeyResponse struct
// with the encrypted key.
func (c *Client) ProvisionerKey(kid string) (*api.ProvisionerKeyResponse, error) {
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/provisioners/" + kid + "/encrypted-key"})
resp, err := c.client.Get(u.String())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client GET %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var key api.ProvisionerKeyResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &key); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &key, nil
}
// Roots performs the get roots request to the CA and returns the
// api.RootsResponse struct.
func (c *Client) Roots() (*api.RootsResponse, error) {
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/roots"})
resp, err := c.client.Get(u.String())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client GET %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
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var roots api.RootsResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &roots); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
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return &roots, nil
}
// Federation performs the get federation request to the CA and returns the
// api.FederationResponse struct.
func (c *Client) Federation() (*api.FederationResponse, error) {
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/federation"})
resp, err := c.client.Get(u.String())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client GET %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var federation api.FederationResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &federation); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &federation, nil
}
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// SSHSign performs the POST /ssh/sign request to the CA and returns the
// api.SSHSignResponse struct.
func (c *Client) SSHSign(req *api.SSHSignRequest) (*api.SSHSignResponse, error) {
body, err := json.Marshal(req)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error marshaling request")
}
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/ssh/sign"})
resp, err := c.client.Post(u.String(), "application/json", bytes.NewReader(body))
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client POST %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var sign api.SSHSignResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &sign); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &sign, nil
}
// SSHRoots performs the GET /ssh/roots request to the CA and returns the
// api.SSHRootsResponse struct.
func (c *Client) SSHRoots() (*api.SSHRootsResponse, error) {
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/ssh/roots"})
resp, err := c.client.Get(u.String())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client GET %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
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var keys api.SSHRootsResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &keys); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &keys, nil
}
// SSHFederation performs the get /ssh/federation request to the CA and returns
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// the api.SSHRootsResponse struct.
func (c *Client) SSHFederation() (*api.SSHRootsResponse, error) {
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/ssh/federation"})
resp, err := c.client.Get(u.String())
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client GET %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
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var keys api.SSHRootsResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &keys); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &keys, nil
}
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// SSHConfig performs the POST /ssh/config request to the CA to get the ssh
// configuration templates.
func (c *Client) SSHConfig(req *api.SSHConfigRequest) (*api.SSHConfigResponse, error) {
body, err := json.Marshal(req)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error marshaling request")
}
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/ssh/config"})
resp, err := c.client.Post(u.String(), "application/json", bytes.NewReader(body))
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client POST %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var config api.SSHConfigResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &config); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &config, nil
}
// SSHCheckHost performs the POST /ssh/check-host request to the CA with the
// given principal.
func (c *Client) SSHCheckHost(principal string) (*api.SSHCheckPrincipalResponse, error) {
body, err := json.Marshal(&api.SSHCheckPrincipalRequest{
Type: provisioner.SSHHostCert,
Principal: principal,
})
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error marshaling request")
}
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/ssh/check-host"})
resp, err := c.client.Post(u.String(), "application/json", bytes.NewReader(body))
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "client POST %s failed", u)
}
if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
return nil, readError(resp.Body)
}
var check api.SSHCheckPrincipalResponse
if err := readJSON(resp.Body, &check); err != nil {
return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error reading %s", u)
}
return &check, nil
}
// RootFingerprint is a helper method that returns the current root fingerprint.
// It does an health connection and gets the fingerprint from the TLS verified
// chains.
func (c *Client) RootFingerprint() (string, error) {
u := c.endpoint.ResolveReference(&url.URL{Path: "/health"})
resp, err := c.client.Get(u.String())
if err != nil {
return "", errors.Wrapf(err, "client GET %s failed", u)
}
if resp.TLS == nil || len(resp.TLS.VerifiedChains) == 0 {
return "", errors.New("missing verified chains")
}
lastChain := resp.TLS.VerifiedChains[len(resp.TLS.VerifiedChains)-1]
if len(lastChain) == 0 {
return "", errors.New("missing verified chains")
}
return x509util.Fingerprint(lastChain[len(lastChain)-1]), nil
}
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// CreateSignRequest is a helper function that given an x509 OTT returns a
// simple but secure sign request as well as the private key used.
func CreateSignRequest(ott string) (*api.SignRequest, crypto.PrivateKey, error) {
token, err := jwt.ParseSigned(ott)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error parsing ott")
}
var claims authority.Claims
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if err := token.UnsafeClaimsWithoutVerification(&claims); err != nil {
return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error parsing ott")
}
pk, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P256(), rand.Reader)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error generating key")
}
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dnsNames, ips, emails := x509util.SplitSANs(claims.SANs)
if claims.Email != "" {
emails = append(emails, claims.Email)
}
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template := &x509.CertificateRequest{
Subject: pkix.Name{
CommonName: claims.Subject,
},
SignatureAlgorithm: x509.ECDSAWithSHA256,
DNSNames: dnsNames,
IPAddresses: ips,
EmailAddresses: emails,
}
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csr, err := x509.CreateCertificateRequest(rand.Reader, template, pk)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error creating certificate request")
}
cr, err := x509.ParseCertificateRequest(csr)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error parsing certificate request")
}
if err := cr.CheckSignature(); err != nil {
return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error signing certificate request")
}
return &api.SignRequest{
CsrPEM: api.CertificateRequest{CertificateRequest: cr},
OTT: ott,
}, pk, nil
}
func getInsecureClient() *http.Client {
return &http.Client{
Transport: &http.Transport{
TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{InsecureSkipVerify: true},
},
}
}
// getRootCAPath returns the path where the root CA is stored based on the
// STEPPATH environment variable.
func getRootCAPath() string {
return filepath.Join(config.StepPath(), "certs", "root_ca.crt")
}
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func readJSON(r io.ReadCloser, v interface{}) error {
defer r.Close()
return json.NewDecoder(r).Decode(v)
}
func readError(r io.ReadCloser) error {
defer r.Close()
apiErr := new(api.Error)
if err := json.NewDecoder(r).Decode(apiErr); err != nil {
return err
}
return apiErr
}