diff --git a/authority/provisioner/sign_options.go b/authority/provisioner/sign_options.go
index 2eefd331..c3868e5f 100644
--- a/authority/provisioner/sign_options.go
+++ b/authority/provisioner/sign_options.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"crypto/ed25519"
 	"crypto/rsa"
 	"crypto/x509"
-	"crypto/x509/pkix"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
@@ -425,18 +424,6 @@ func (v *x509NamePolicyValidator) Valid(cert *x509.Certificate, _ SignOptions) e
 	return v.policyEngine.IsX509CertificateAllowed(cert)
 }
 
-// var (
-// 	stepOIDRoot = asn1.ObjectIdentifier{1, 3, 6, 1, 4, 1, 37476, 9000, 64}
-// 	stepOIDProvisioner = append(asn1.ObjectIdentifier(nil), append(stepOIDRoot, 1)...)
-// )
-
-// type stepProvisionerASN1 struct {
-// 	Type          int
-// 	Name          []byte
-// 	CredentialID  []byte
-// 	KeyValuePairs []string `asn1:"optional,omitempty"`
-// }
-
 type forceCNOption struct {
 	ForceCN bool
 }
@@ -481,13 +468,14 @@ func (o *provisionerExtensionOption) Modify(cert *x509.Certificate, _ SignOption
 	if err != nil {
 		return errs.NewError(http.StatusInternalServerError, err, "error creating certificate")
 	}
-	// Prepend the provisioner extension. In the auth.Sign code we will
-	// force the resulting certificate to only have one extension, the
-	// first stepOIDProvisioner that is found in the ExtraExtensions.
-	// A client could pass a csr containing a malicious stepOIDProvisioner
-	// ExtraExtension. If we were to append (rather than prepend) the correct
-	// stepOIDProvisioner extension, then the resulting certificate would
-	// contain the malicious extension, rather than the one applied by step-ca.
-	cert.ExtraExtensions = append([]pkix.Extension{ext}, cert.ExtraExtensions...)
+	// Replace or append the provisioner extension to avoid the inclusions of
+	// malicious stepOIDProvisioner using templates.
+	for i, e := range cert.ExtraExtensions {
+		if e.Id.Equal(StepOIDProvisioner) {
+			cert.ExtraExtensions[i] = ext
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	cert.ExtraExtensions = append(cert.ExtraExtensions, ext)
 	return nil
 }
diff --git a/authority/provisioner/sign_options_test.go b/authority/provisioner/sign_options_test.go
index fc4d675a..198462c7 100644
--- a/authority/provisioner/sign_options_test.go
+++ b/authority/provisioner/sign_options_test.go
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package provisioner
 import (
 	"crypto/x509"
 	"crypto/x509/pkix"
+	"encoding/asn1"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/url"
@@ -625,6 +626,16 @@ func Test_profileDefaultDuration_Option(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func Test_newProvisionerExtension_Option(t *testing.T) {
+	expectedValue, err := asn1.Marshal(extensionASN1{
+		Type:          int(TypeJWK),
+		Name:          []byte("name"),
+		CredentialID:  []byte("credentialId"),
+		KeyValuePairs: []string{"key", "value"},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	type test struct {
 		cert  *x509.Certificate
 		valid func(*x509.Certificate)
@@ -636,18 +647,22 @@ func Test_newProvisionerExtension_Option(t *testing.T) {
 				valid: func(cert *x509.Certificate) {
 					if assert.Len(t, 1, cert.ExtraExtensions) {
 						ext := cert.ExtraExtensions[0]
-						assert.Equals(t, ext.Id, StepOIDProvisioner)
+						assert.Equals(t, StepOIDProvisioner, ext.Id)
+						assert.Equals(t, expectedValue, ext.Value)
+						assert.False(t, ext.Critical)
+
 					}
 				},
 			}
 		},
-		"ok/prepend": func() test {
+		"ok/replace": func() test {
 			return test{
 				cert: &x509.Certificate{ExtraExtensions: []pkix.Extension{{Id: StepOIDProvisioner, Critical: true}, {Id: []int{1, 2, 3}}}},
 				valid: func(cert *x509.Certificate) {
-					if assert.Len(t, 3, cert.ExtraExtensions) {
+					if assert.Len(t, 2, cert.ExtraExtensions) {
 						ext := cert.ExtraExtensions[0]
-						assert.Equals(t, ext.Id, StepOIDProvisioner)
+						assert.Equals(t, StepOIDProvisioner, ext.Id)
+						assert.Equals(t, expectedValue, ext.Value)
 						assert.False(t, ext.Critical)
 					}
 				},
@@ -657,7 +672,7 @@ func Test_newProvisionerExtension_Option(t *testing.T) {
 	for name, run := range tests {
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			tt := run()
-			assert.FatalError(t, newProvisionerExtensionOption(TypeJWK, "foo", "bar", "baz", "zap").Modify(tt.cert, SignOptions{}))
+			assert.FatalError(t, newProvisionerExtensionOption(TypeJWK, "name", "credentialId", "key", "value").Modify(tt.cert, SignOptions{}))
 			tt.valid(tt.cert)
 		})
 	}