diff --git a/policy/encode.go b/policy/encode.go
index 080ba7a..39c9dcc 100644
--- a/policy/encode.go
+++ b/policy/encode.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func Encode(p *netmap.PlacementPolicy) []string {
 	return result
 }
 
-func encodeReplicas(replicas []*netmap.Replica, dst *[]string) {
+func encodeReplicas(replicas []netmap.Replica, dst *[]string) {
 	builder := new(strings.Builder)
 
 	for _, replica := range replicas {
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func encodeReplicas(replicas []*netmap.Replica, dst *[]string) {
 	}
 }
 
-func encodeSelectors(selectors []*netmap.Selector, dst *[]string) {
+func encodeSelectors(selectors []netmap.Selector, dst *[]string) {
 	builder := new(strings.Builder)
 
 	for _, selector := range selectors {
@@ -94,13 +94,13 @@ func encodeSelectors(selectors []*netmap.Selector, dst *[]string) {
 	}
 }
 
-func encodeFilters(filters []*netmap.Filter, dst *[]string) {
+func encodeFilters(filters []netmap.Filter, dst *[]string) {
 	builder := new(strings.Builder)
 
 	for _, filter := range filters {
 		builder.WriteString("FILTER ")
 
-		builder.WriteString(encodeFilter(filter))
+		builder.WriteString(encodeFilter(&filter))
 
 		*dst = append(*dst, builder.String())
 		builder.Reset()
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func encodeFilter(filter *netmap.Filter) string {
 			builder.WriteString(" ")
 		}
 
-		builder.WriteString(encodeFilter(subfilter))
+		builder.WriteString(encodeFilter(&subfilter))
 	}
 
 	if n := filter.Name(); n != "" && !unspecified {
diff --git a/policy/json.go b/policy/json.go
index 53cb9c5..595fceb 100644
--- a/policy/json.go
+++ b/policy/json.go
@@ -41,15 +41,15 @@ func ToJSON(np *netmap.PlacementPolicy) ([]byte, error) {
 	p.CBF = np.ContainerBackupFactor()
 	p.Filters = make([]filter, len(np.Filters()))
 	for i, f := range np.Filters() {
-		p.Filters[i].fromNetmap(f)
+		p.Filters[i].fromNetmap(&f)
 	}
 	p.Selectors = make([]selector, len(np.Selectors()))
 	for i, s := range np.Selectors() {
-		p.Selectors[i].fromNetmap(s)
+		p.Selectors[i].fromNetmap(&s)
 	}
 	p.Replicas = make([]replica, len(np.Replicas()))
 	for i, r := range np.Replicas() {
-		p.Replicas[i].fromNetmap(r)
+		p.Replicas[i].fromNetmap(&r)
 	}
 	return json.Marshal(p)
 }
@@ -61,32 +61,32 @@ func FromJSON(data []byte) (*netmap.PlacementPolicy, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	rs := make([]*netmap.Replica, len(p.Replicas))
+	rs := make([]netmap.Replica, len(p.Replicas))
 	for i := range p.Replicas {
-		rs[i] = p.Replicas[i].toNetmap()
+		rs[i] = *p.Replicas[i].toNetmap()
 	}
 
-	var fs []*netmap.Filter
+	var fs []netmap.Filter
 	if len(p.Filters) != 0 {
-		fs = make([]*netmap.Filter, len(p.Filters))
+		fs = make([]netmap.Filter, len(p.Filters))
 		for i := range p.Filters {
 			f, err := p.Filters[i].toNetmap()
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			fs[i] = f
+			fs[i] = *f
 		}
 	}
 
-	var ss []*netmap.Selector
+	var ss []netmap.Selector
 	if len(p.Selectors) != 0 {
-		ss = make([]*netmap.Selector, len(p.Selectors))
+		ss = make([]netmap.Selector, len(p.Selectors))
 		for i := range p.Selectors {
 			s, err := p.Selectors[i].toNetmap()
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			ss[i] = s
+			ss[i] = *s
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -134,15 +134,16 @@ func (f *filter) toNetmap() (*netmap.Filter, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: '%s'", ErrUnknownOp, f.Op)
 	}
 
-	var fs []*netmap.Filter
+	var fs []netmap.Filter
 	if len(f.Filters) != 0 {
-		fs = make([]*netmap.Filter, len(f.Filters))
+		fs = make([]netmap.Filter, len(f.Filters))
 		for i := range f.Filters {
 			var err error
-			fs[i], err = f.Filters[i].toNetmap()
+			fsp, err := f.Filters[i].toNetmap()
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
+			fs[i] = *fsp
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ func (f *filter) fromNetmap(nf *netmap.Filter) {
 	if nf.InnerFilters() != nil {
 		f.Filters = make([]filter, len(nf.InnerFilters()))
 		for i, sf := range nf.InnerFilters() {
-			f.Filters[i].fromNetmap(sf)
+			f.Filters[i].fromNetmap(&sf)
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/policy/query.go b/policy/query.go
index d291758..b1abd62 100644
--- a/policy/query.go
+++ b/policy/query.go
@@ -81,14 +81,14 @@ func (p *policyVisitor) VisitPolicy(ctx *parser.PolicyContext) interface{} {
 	pl := new(netmap.PlacementPolicy)
 
 	repStmts := ctx.AllRepStmt()
-	rs := make([]*netmap.Replica, 0, len(repStmts))
+	rs := make([]netmap.Replica, 0, len(repStmts))
 	for _, r := range repStmts {
 		res, ok := r.Accept(p).(*netmap.Replica)
 		if !ok {
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		rs = append(rs, res)
+		rs = append(rs, *res)
 	}
 	pl.SetReplicas(rs...)
 
@@ -101,21 +101,21 @@ func (p *policyVisitor) VisitPolicy(ctx *parser.PolicyContext) interface{} {
 	}
 
 	selStmts := ctx.AllSelectStmt()
-	ss := make([]*netmap.Selector, 0, len(selStmts))
+	ss := make([]netmap.Selector, 0, len(selStmts))
 	for _, s := range selStmts {
 		res, ok := s.Accept(p).(*netmap.Selector)
 		if !ok {
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		ss = append(ss, res)
+		ss = append(ss, *res)
 	}
 	pl.SetSelectors(ss...)
 
 	filtStmts := ctx.AllFilterStmt()
-	fs := make([]*netmap.Filter, 0, len(filtStmts))
+	fs := make([]netmap.Filter, 0, len(filtStmts))
 	for _, f := range filtStmts {
-		fs = append(fs, f.Accept(p).(*netmap.Filter))
+		fs = append(fs, *f.Accept(p).(*netmap.Filter))
 	}
 	pl.SetFilters(fs...)
 
@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ func (p *policyVisitor) VisitFilterExpr(ctx *parser.FilterExprContext) interface
 	op := operationFromString(ctx.GetOp().GetText())
 	f.SetOperation(op)
 
-	f1 := ctx.GetF1().Accept(p).(*netmap.Filter)
-	f2 := ctx.GetF2().Accept(p).(*netmap.Filter)
+	f1 := *ctx.GetF1().Accept(p).(*netmap.Filter)
+	f2 := *ctx.GetF2().Accept(p).(*netmap.Filter)
 
 	// Consider f1=(.. AND ..) AND f2. This can be merged because our AND operation
 	// is of arbitrary arity. ANTLR generates left-associative parse-tree by default.
diff --git a/policy/query_test.go b/policy/query_test.go
index 92fb8a6..888e481 100644
--- a/policy/query_test.go
+++ b/policy/query_test.go
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ import (
 func TestSimple(t *testing.T) {
 	q := `REP 3`
 	expected := new(netmap.PlacementPolicy)
-	expected.SetFilters([]*netmap.Filter{}...)
-	expected.SetSelectors([]*netmap.Selector{}...)
+	expected.SetFilters([]netmap.Filter{}...)
+	expected.SetSelectors([]netmap.Selector{}...)
 	expected.SetReplicas(newReplica("", 3))
 
 	r, err := Parse(q)
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ func TestSimple(t *testing.T) {
 func TestSimpleWithHRWB(t *testing.T) {
 	q := `REP 3 CBF 4`
 	expected := new(netmap.PlacementPolicy)
-	expected.SetFilters([]*netmap.Filter{}...)
-	expected.SetSelectors([]*netmap.Selector{}...)
+	expected.SetFilters([]netmap.Filter{}...)
+	expected.SetSelectors([]netmap.Selector{}...)
 	expected.SetReplicas(newReplica("", 3))
 	expected.SetContainerBackupFactor(4)
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func TestFromSelect(t *testing.T) {
 	q := `REP 1 IN SPB
 SELECT 1 IN City FROM * AS SPB`
 	expected := new(netmap.PlacementPolicy)
-	expected.SetFilters([]*netmap.Filter{}...)
+	expected.SetFilters([]netmap.Filter{}...)
 	expected.SetSelectors(newSelector(1, netmap.ClauseUnspecified, "City", "*", "SPB"))
 	expected.SetReplicas(newReplica("SPB", 1))
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func TestFromSelectNoAttribute(t *testing.T) {
 		SELECT 6 FROM *`
 
 		expected := new(netmap.PlacementPolicy)
-		expected.SetFilters([]*netmap.Filter{}...)
+		expected.SetFilters([]netmap.Filter{}...)
 		expected.SetSelectors(newSelector(6, netmap.ClauseUnspecified, "", "*", ""))
 		expected.SetReplicas(newReplica("", 2))
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ FILTER Property EQ %s AND Something NE 7 AS Filt`
 			expected := newFilter("Filt", "", "", netmap.OpAND,
 				newFilter("", "Property", s[1:len(s)-1], netmap.OpEQ),
 				newFilter("", "Something", "7", netmap.OpNE))
-			require.EqualValues(t, []*netmap.Filter{expected}, r.Filters())
+			require.EqualValues(t, []netmap.Filter{expected}, r.Filters())
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ SELECT 3 IN Country FROM *
 SELECT 2 IN SAME City FROM *
 SELECT 1 IN DISTINCT Continent FROM *`
 	expected := new(netmap.PlacementPolicy)
-	expected.SetFilters([]*netmap.Filter{}...)
+	expected.SetFilters([]netmap.Filter{}...)
 	expected.SetSelectors(
 		newSelector(3, netmap.ClauseUnspecified, "Country", "*", ""),
 		newSelector(2, netmap.ClauseSame, "City", "*", ""),
@@ -299,8 +299,7 @@ FILTER "UN-LOCODE" EQ "RU LED" AS F`
 	require.EqualValues(t, expected, r)
 }
 
-func newFilter(name, key, value string, op netmap.Operation, sub ...*netmap.Filter) *netmap.Filter {
-	f := new(netmap.Filter)
+func newFilter(name, key, value string, op netmap.Operation, sub ...netmap.Filter) (f netmap.Filter) {
 	f.SetName(name)
 	f.SetKey(key)
 	f.SetValue(value)
@@ -309,15 +308,13 @@ func newFilter(name, key, value string, op netmap.Operation, sub ...*netmap.Filt
 	return f
 }
 
-func newReplica(s string, c uint32) *netmap.Replica {
-	r := new(netmap.Replica)
+func newReplica(s string, c uint32) (r netmap.Replica) {
 	r.SetSelector(s)
 	r.SetCount(c)
 	return r
 }
 
-func newSelector(count uint32, c netmap.Clause, attr, f, name string) *netmap.Selector {
-	s := new(netmap.Selector)
+func newSelector(count uint32, c netmap.Clause, attr, f, name string) (s netmap.Selector) {
 	s.SetCount(count)
 	s.SetClause(c)
 	s.SetAttribute(attr)