156 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
156 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Token Scope Documentation"
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description: "Describes the scope and access fields used for registry authorization tokens"
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keywords: registry, on-prem, images, tags, repository, distribution, advanced, access, scope
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---
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# Distribution Registry Token Scope and Access
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Tokens used by the registry are always restricted what resources they may
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be used to access, where those resources may be accessed, and what actions
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may be done on those resources. Tokens always have the context of a user which
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the token was originally created for. This document describes how these
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restrictions are represented and enforced by the authorization server and
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resource providers.
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## Scope Components
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### Subject (Authenticated User)
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The subject represents the user for which a token is valid. Any actions
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performed using an access token should be considered on behalf of the subject.
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This is included in the `sub` field of access token JWT. A refresh token should
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be limited to a single subject and only be able to give out access tokens for
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that subject.
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### Audience (Resource Provider)
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The audience represents a resource provider which is intended to be able to
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perform the actions specified in the access token. Any resource provider which
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does not match the audience should not use that access token. The audience is
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included in the `aud` field of the access token JWT. A refresh token should be
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limited to a single audience and only be able to give out access tokens for that
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audience.
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### Resource Type
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The resource type represents the type of resource which the resource name is
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intended to represent. This type may be specific to a resource provider but must
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be understood by the authorization server in order to validate the subject
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is authorized for a specific resource.
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#### Resource Class
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{{< hint type=warning >}}
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Resource Class is deprecated and ignored.
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`repository` and `repository(plugin)` are considered equal when authorizing a token.
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Authorization services should no longer return scopes with a resource class.
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{{< /hint >}}
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The resource type might have a resource class which further classifies the
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the resource name within the resource type. A class is not required and
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is specific to the resource type.
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#### Example Resource Types
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- `repository` - represents a single repository within a registry. A
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repository may represent many manifest or content blobs, but the resource type
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is considered the collections of those items. Actions which may be performed on
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a `repository` are `pull` for accessing the collection and `push` for adding to
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it. By default the `repository` type has the class of `image`.
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- `repository(plugin)` - represents a single repository of plugins within a
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registry. A plugin repository has the same content and actions as a repository.
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- `registry` - represents the entire registry. Used for administrative actions
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or lookup operations that span an entire registry.
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### Resource Name
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The resource name represent the name which identifies a resource for a resource
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provider. A resource is identified by this name and the provided resource type.
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An example of a resource name would be the name component of an image tag, such
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as "samalba/myapp" or "hostname/samalba/myapp".
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### Resource Actions
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The resource actions define the actions which the access token allows to be
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performed on the identified resource. These actions are type specific but will
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normally have actions identifying read and write access on the resource. Example
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for the `repository` type are `pull` for read access and `push` for write
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access.
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## Authorization Server Use
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Each access token request may include a scope and an audience. The subject is
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always derived from the passed in credentials or refresh token. When using
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a refresh token the passed in audience must match the audience defined for
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the refresh token. The audience (resource provider) is provided using the
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`service` field. Multiple resource scopes may be provided using multiple `scope`
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fields on the `GET` request. The `POST` request only takes in a single
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`scope` field but may use a space to separate a list of multiple resource
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scopes.
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### Resource Scope Grammar
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```
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scope := resourcescope [ ' ' resourcescope ]*
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resourcescope := resourcetype ":" resourcename ":" action [ ',' action ]*
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resourcetype := resourcetypevalue [ '(' resourcetypevalue ')' ]
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resourcetypevalue := /[a-z0-9]+/
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resourcename := [ hostname '/' ] component [ '/' component ]*
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hostname := hostcomponent ['.' hostcomponent]* [':' port-number]
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hostcomponent := /([a-zA-Z0-9]|[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9-]*[a-zA-Z0-9])/
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port-number := /[0-9]+/
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action := /[a-z]*/
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component := alpha-numeric [ separator alpha-numeric ]*
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alpha-numeric := /[a-z0-9]+/
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separator := /[_.]|__|[-]*/
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```
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Full reference grammar is defined
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[here](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/distribution/distribution/reference). Currently
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the scope name grammar is a subset of the reference grammar.
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{{< hint type=note >}}
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Note that the `resourcename` may contain one `:` due to a possible port
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number in the hostname component of the `resourcename`, so a naive
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implementation that interprets the first three `:`-delimited tokens of a
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`scope` to be the `resourcetype`, `resourcename`, and a list of `action`
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would be insufficient.
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{{< /hint >}}
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## Resource Provider Use
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Once a resource provider has verified the authenticity of the scope through
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JWT access token verification, the resource provider must ensure that scope
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satisfies the request. The resource provider should match the given audience
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according to name or URI the resource provider uses to identify itself. Any
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denial based on subject is not defined here and is up to resource provider, the
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subject is mainly provided for audit logs and any other user-specific rules
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which may need to be provided but are not defined by the authorization server.
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The resource provider must ensure that ANY resource being accessed as the
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result of a request has the appropriate access scope. Both the resource type
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and resource name must match the accessed resource and an appropriate action
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scope must be included.
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When appropriate authorization is not provided either due to lack of scope
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or missing token, the resource provider to return a `WWW-AUTHENTICATE` HTTP
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header with the `realm` as the authorization server, the `service` as the
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expected audience identifying string, and a `scope` field for each required
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resource scope to complete the request.
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## JWT Access Tokens
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Each JWT access token may only have a single subject and audience but multiple
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resource scopes. The subject and audience are put into standard JWT fields
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`sub` and `aud`. The resource scope is put into the `access` field. The
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structure of the access field can be seen in the
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[jwt documentation](../jwt).
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## Refresh Tokens
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A refresh token must be defined for a single subject and audience. Further
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restricting scope to specific type, name, and actions combinations should be
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done by fetching an access token using the refresh token. Since the refresh
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token is not scoped to specific resources for an audience, extra care should
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be taken to only use the refresh token to negotiate new access tokens directly
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with the authorization server, and never with a resource provider.
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