When the network is big enough, MinPeers may be suboptimal for good network
connectivity, but if we know the network size we can do some estimation on the
number of sufficient peers.
We have a number of queues for different purposes:
* regular broadcast queue
* direct p2p queue
* high-priority queue
And two basic egress scenarios:
* direct p2p messages (replies to requests in Server's handle* methods)
* broadcasted messages
Low priority broadcasted messages:
* transaction inventories
* block inventories
* notary inventories
* non-consensus extensibles
High-priority broadcasted messages:
* consensus extensibles
* getdata transaction requests from consensus process
* getaddr requests
P2P messages are a bit more complicated, most of the time they use p2p queue,
but extensible message requests/replies use HP queue.
Server's handle* code is run from Peer's handleIncoming, every peer has this
thread that handles incoming messages. When working with the peer it's
important to reply to requests and blocking this thread until we send (queue)
a reply is fine, if the peer is slow we just won't get anything new from
it. The queue used is irrelevant wrt this issue.
Broadcasted messages are radically different, we want them to be delivered to
many peers, but we don't care about specific ones. If it's delivered to 2/3 of
the peers we're fine, if it's delivered to more of them --- it's not an
issue. But doing this fairly is not an easy thing, current code tries performing
unblocked sends and if this doesn't yield enough results it then blocks (but
has a timeout, we can't wait indefinitely). But it does so in sequential
manner, once the peer is chosen the code will wait for it (and only it) until
timeout happens.
What can be done instead is an attempt to push the message to all of the peers
simultaneously (or close to that). If they all deliver --- OK, if some block
and wait then we can wait until _any_ of them pushes the message through (or
global timeout happens, we still can't wait forever). If we have enough
deliveries then we can cancel pending ones and it's again not an error if
these canceled threads still do their job.
This makes the system more dynamic and adds some substantial processing
overhead, but it's a networking code, any of this overhead is much lower than
the actual packet delivery time. It also allows to spread the load more
fairly, if there is any spare queue it'll get the packet and release the
broadcaster. On the next broadcast iteration another peer is more likely to be
chosen just because it didn't get a message previously (and had some time to
deliver already queued messages).
It works perfectly in tests, with optimal networking conditions we have much
better block times and TPS increases by 5-25%% depending on the scenario.
I'd go as far as to say that it fixes the original problem of #2678, because
in this particular scenario we have empty queues in ~100% of the cases and
this new logic will likely lead to 100% fan out in this case (cancelation just
won't happen fast enough). But when the load grows and there is some waiting
in the queue it will optimize out the slowest links.
Peers can be slow, very slow, slow enough to affect node's regular
operation. We can't wait for them indefinitely, there has to be a timeout for
send operations.
This patch uses TimePerBlock as a reference for its timeout. It's relatively
big and it doesn't affect tests much, 4+1 scenarios tend to perform a little
worse with while 7+2 scenarios work a little better. The difference is in some
percents, but all of these tests easily have 10-15% variations from run to
run.
It's an important step in making our gossip better because we can't have any
behavior where neighbors directly block the node forever, refs. #2678 and
Blockchain's notificationDispatcher sends events to channels and these
channels must be read from. Unfortunately, regular service shutdown procedure
does unsubscription first (outside of the read loop) and only then drains the
channel. While it waits for unsubscription request to be accepted
notificationDispatcher can try pushing more data into the same channel which
will lead to a deadlock. Reading in the same method solves this, any number of
events can be pushed until unsub channel accepts the data.
Unsubscribe and drain first, then return from the Shutdown method. It's
important wrt to subsequent chain shutdown process (normally it's closed right
after the network server).
Some tests are failing on Windows due to slow runners with errors like the following:
```
2022-02-09T17:11:20.3127016Z --- FAIL: TestGetData/transaction (1.82s)
2022-02-09T17:11:20.3127385Z server_test.go:500:
2022-02-09T17:11:20.3127878Z Error Trace: server_test.go:500
2022-02-09T17:11:20.3128533Z server_test.go:520
2022-02-09T17:11:20.3128978Z Error: Condition never satisfied
2022-02-09T17:11:20.3129479Z Test: TestGetData/transaction
```
Consensus can require conflicting transactions and it can require more
transactions than mempool can fit, all of this should work. Transactions will
be checked anyway using its secondary mempool. See the scenario from #668.
Notice that it makes the node accept Extensible payloads with any category
which is the same way C# node works. We're trusting Extensible senders,
improper payloads are harmless until they DoS the network, but we have some
protections against that too (and spamming with proper category doesn't differ
a lot).
