410 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
410 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
---
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date: 2018-03-19T10:05:30Z
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title: "rclone mount"
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slug: rclone_mount
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url: /commands/rclone_mount/
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---
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## rclone mount
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Mount the remote as a mountpoint. **EXPERIMENTAL**
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### Synopsis
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rclone mount allows Linux, FreeBSD, macOS and Windows to
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mount any of Rclone's cloud storage systems as a file system with
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FUSE.
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This is **EXPERIMENTAL** - use with care.
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First set up your remote using `rclone config`. Check it works with `rclone ls` etc.
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Start the mount like this
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rclone mount remote:path/to/files /path/to/local/mount
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Or on Windows like this where X: is an unused drive letter
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rclone mount remote:path/to/files X:
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When the program ends, either via Ctrl+C or receiving a SIGINT or SIGTERM signal,
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the mount is automatically stopped.
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The umount operation can fail, for example when the mountpoint is busy.
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When that happens, it is the user's responsibility to stop the mount manually with
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# Linux
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fusermount -u /path/to/local/mount
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# OS X
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umount /path/to/local/mount
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### Installing on Windows
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To run rclone mount on Windows, you will need to
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download and install [WinFsp](http://www.secfs.net/winfsp/).
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WinFsp is an [open source](https://github.com/billziss-gh/winfsp)
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Windows File System Proxy which makes it easy to write user space file
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systems for Windows. It provides a FUSE emulation layer which rclone
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uses combination with
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[cgofuse](https://github.com/billziss-gh/cgofuse). Both of these
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packages are by Bill Zissimopoulos who was very helpful during the
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implementation of rclone mount for Windows.
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#### Windows caveats
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Note that drives created as Administrator are not visible by other
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accounts (including the account that was elevated as
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Administrator). So if you start a Windows drive from an Administrative
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Command Prompt and then try to access the same drive from Explorer
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(which does not run as Administrator), you will not be able to see the
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new drive.
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The easiest way around this is to start the drive from a normal
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command prompt. It is also possible to start a drive from the SYSTEM
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account (using [the WinFsp.Launcher
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infrastructure](https://github.com/billziss-gh/winfsp/wiki/WinFsp-Service-Architecture))
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which creates drives accessible for everyone on the system or
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alternatively using [the nssm service manager](https://nssm.cc/usage).
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### Limitations
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Without the use of "--vfs-cache-mode" this can only write files
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sequentially, it can only seek when reading. This means that many
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applications won't work with their files on an rclone mount without
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"--vfs-cache-mode writes" or "--vfs-cache-mode full". See the [File
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Caching](#file-caching) section for more info.
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The bucket based remotes (eg Swift, S3, Google Compute Storage, B2,
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Hubic) won't work from the root - you will need to specify a bucket,
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or a path within the bucket. So `swift:` won't work whereas
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`swift:bucket` will as will `swift:bucket/path`.
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None of these support the concept of directories, so empty
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directories will have a tendency to disappear once they fall out of
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the directory cache.
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Only supported on Linux, FreeBSD, OS X and Windows at the moment.
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### rclone mount vs rclone sync/copy
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File systems expect things to be 100% reliable, whereas cloud storage
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systems are a long way from 100% reliable. The rclone sync/copy
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commands cope with this with lots of retries. However rclone mount
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can't use retries in the same way without making local copies of the
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uploads. Look at the **EXPERIMENTAL** [file caching](#file-caching)
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for solutions to make mount mount more reliable.
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### Attribute caching
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You can use the flag --attr-timeout to set the time the kernel caches
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the attributes (size, modification time etc) for directory entries.
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The default is 0s - no caching - which is recommended for filesystems
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which can change outside the control of the kernel.
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If you set it higher ('1s' or '1m' say) then the kernel will call back
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to rclone less often making it more efficient, however there may be
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strange effects when files change on the remote.
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This is the same as setting the attr_timeout option in mount.fuse.
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### Filters
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Note that all the rclone filters can be used to select a subset of the
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files to be visible in the mount.
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### systemd
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When running rclone mount as a systemd service, it is possible
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to use Type=notify. In this case the service will enter the started state
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after the mountpoint has been successfully set up.
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Units having the rclone mount service specified as a requirement
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will see all files and folders immediately in this mode.
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### Directory Cache
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Using the `--dir-cache-time` flag, you can set how long a
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directory should be considered up to date and not refreshed from the
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backend. Changes made locally in the mount may appear immediately or
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invalidate the cache. However, changes done on the remote will only
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be picked up once the cache expires.
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Alternatively, you can send a `SIGHUP` signal to rclone for
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it to flush all directory caches, regardless of how old they are.
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Assuming only one rclone instance is running, you can reset the cache
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like this:
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kill -SIGHUP $(pidof rclone)
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If you configure rclone with a [remote control](/rc) then you can use
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rclone rc to flush the whole directory cache:
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rclone rc vfs/forget
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Or individual files or directories:
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rclone rc vfs/forget file=path/to/file dir=path/to/dir
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### File Caching
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**NB** File caching is **EXPERIMENTAL** - use with care!
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These flags control the VFS file caching options. The VFS layer is
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used by rclone mount to make a cloud storage system work more like a
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normal file system.
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You'll need to enable VFS caching if you want, for example, to read
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and write simultaneously to a file. See below for more details.
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Note that the VFS cache works in addition to the cache backend and you
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may find that you need one or the other or both.
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--cache-dir string Directory rclone will use for caching.
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--vfs-cache-max-age duration Max age of objects in the cache. (default 1h0m0s)
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--vfs-cache-mode string Cache mode off|minimal|writes|full (default "off")
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--vfs-cache-poll-interval duration Interval to poll the cache for stale objects. (default 1m0s)
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If run with `-vv` rclone will print the location of the file cache. The
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files are stored in the user cache file area which is OS dependent but
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can be controlled with `--cache-dir` or setting the appropriate
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environment variable.
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The cache has 4 different modes selected by `--vfs-cache-mode`.
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The higher the cache mode the more compatible rclone becomes at the
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cost of using disk space.
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Note that files are written back to the remote only when they are
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closed so if rclone is quit or dies with open files then these won't
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get written back to the remote. However they will still be in the on
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disk cache.
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#### --vfs-cache-mode off
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In this mode the cache will read directly from the remote and write
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directly to the remote without caching anything on disk.
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This will mean some operations are not possible
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* Files can't be opened for both read AND write
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* Files opened for write can't be seeked
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* Existing files opened for write must have O_TRUNC set
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* Files open for read with O_TRUNC will be opened write only
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* Files open for write only will behave as if O_TRUNC was supplied
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* Open modes O_APPEND, O_TRUNC are ignored
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* If an upload fails it can't be retried
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#### --vfs-cache-mode minimal
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This is very similar to "off" except that files opened for read AND
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write will be buffered to disks. This means that files opened for
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write will be a lot more compatible, but uses the minimal disk space.
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These operations are not possible
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* Files opened for write only can't be seeked
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* Existing files opened for write must have O_TRUNC set
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* Files opened for write only will ignore O_APPEND, O_TRUNC
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* If an upload fails it can't be retried
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#### --vfs-cache-mode writes
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In this mode files opened for read only are still read directly from
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the remote, write only and read/write files are buffered to disk
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first.
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This mode should support all normal file system operations.
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If an upload fails it will be retried up to --low-level-retries times.
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#### --vfs-cache-mode full
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In this mode all reads and writes are buffered to and from disk. When
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a file is opened for read it will be downloaded in its entirety first.
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This may be appropriate for your needs, or you may prefer to look at
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the cache backend which does a much more sophisticated job of caching,
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including caching directory hierarchies and chunks of files.
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In this mode, unlike the others, when a file is written to the disk,
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it will be kept on the disk after it is written to the remote. It
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will be purged on a schedule according to `--vfs-cache-max-age`.
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This mode should support all normal file system operations.
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If an upload or download fails it will be retried up to
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--low-level-retries times.
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```
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rclone mount remote:path /path/to/mountpoint [flags]
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```
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### Options
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```
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--allow-non-empty Allow mounting over a non-empty directory.
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--allow-other Allow access to other users.
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--allow-root Allow access to root user.
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--attr-timeout duration Time for which file/directory attributes are cached.
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--daemon Run mount as a daemon (background mode).
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--debug-fuse Debug the FUSE internals - needs -v.
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--default-permissions Makes kernel enforce access control based on the file mode.
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--dir-cache-time duration Time to cache directory entries for. (default 5m0s)
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--fuse-flag stringArray Flags or arguments to be passed direct to libfuse/WinFsp. Repeat if required.
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--gid uint32 Override the gid field set by the filesystem. (default 502)
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-h, --help help for mount
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--max-read-ahead int The number of bytes that can be prefetched for sequential reads. (default 128k)
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--no-checksum Don't compare checksums on up/download.
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--no-modtime Don't read/write the modification time (can speed things up).
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--no-seek Don't allow seeking in files.
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-o, --option stringArray Option for libfuse/WinFsp. Repeat if required.
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--poll-interval duration Time to wait between polling for changes. Must be smaller than dir-cache-time. Only on supported remotes. Set to 0 to disable. (default 1m0s)
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--read-only Mount read-only.
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--uid uint32 Override the uid field set by the filesystem. (default 502)
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--umask int Override the permission bits set by the filesystem.
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--vfs-cache-max-age duration Max age of objects in the cache. (default 1h0m0s)
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--vfs-cache-mode string Cache mode off|minimal|writes|full (default "off")
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--vfs-cache-poll-interval duration Interval to poll the cache for stale objects. (default 1m0s)
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--write-back-cache Makes kernel buffer writes before sending them to rclone. Without this, writethrough caching is used.
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```
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### Options inherited from parent commands
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```
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--acd-templink-threshold int Files >= this size will be downloaded via their tempLink. (default 9G)
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--acd-upload-wait-per-gb duration Additional time per GB to wait after a failed complete upload to see if it appears. (default 3m0s)
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--ask-password Allow prompt for password for encrypted configuration. (default true)
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--auto-confirm If enabled, do not request console confirmation.
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--azureblob-chunk-size int Upload chunk size. Must fit in memory. (default 4M)
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--azureblob-upload-cutoff int Cutoff for switching to chunked upload (default 256M)
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--b2-chunk-size int Upload chunk size. Must fit in memory. (default 96M)
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--b2-hard-delete Permanently delete files on remote removal, otherwise hide files.
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--b2-test-mode string A flag string for X-Bz-Test-Mode header.
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--b2-upload-cutoff int Cutoff for switching to chunked upload (default 190.735M)
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--b2-versions Include old versions in directory listings.
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--backup-dir string Make backups into hierarchy based in DIR.
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--bind string Local address to bind to for outgoing connections, IPv4, IPv6 or name.
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--box-upload-cutoff int Cutoff for switching to multipart upload (default 50M)
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--buffer-size int Buffer size when copying files. (default 16M)
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--bwlimit BwTimetable Bandwidth limit in kBytes/s, or use suffix b|k|M|G or a full timetable.
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--cache-chunk-clean-interval string Interval at which chunk cleanup runs (default "1m")
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--cache-chunk-no-memory Disable the in-memory cache for storing chunks during streaming
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--cache-chunk-path string Directory to cached chunk files (default "/home/ncw/.cache/rclone/cache-backend")
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--cache-chunk-size string The size of a chunk (default "5M")
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--cache-db-path string Directory to cache DB (default "/home/ncw/.cache/rclone/cache-backend")
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--cache-db-purge Purge the cache DB before
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--cache-db-wait-time duration How long to wait for the DB to be available - 0 is unlimited (default 1s)
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--cache-dir string Directory rclone will use for caching. (default "/home/ncw/.cache/rclone")
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--cache-info-age string How much time should object info be stored in cache (default "6h")
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--cache-read-retries int How many times to retry a read from a cache storage (default 10)
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--cache-rps int Limits the number of requests per second to the source FS. -1 disables the rate limiter (default -1)
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--cache-tmp-upload-path string Directory to keep temporary files until they are uploaded to the cloud storage
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--cache-tmp-wait-time string How long should files be stored in local cache before being uploaded (default "15m")
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--cache-total-chunk-size string The total size which the chunks can take up from the disk (default "10G")
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--cache-workers int How many workers should run in parallel to download chunks (default 4)
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--cache-writes Will cache file data on writes through the FS
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--checkers int Number of checkers to run in parallel. (default 8)
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-c, --checksum Skip based on checksum & size, not mod-time & size
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--config string Config file. (default "/home/ncw/.rclone.conf")
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--contimeout duration Connect timeout (default 1m0s)
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-L, --copy-links Follow symlinks and copy the pointed to item.
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--cpuprofile string Write cpu profile to file
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--crypt-show-mapping For all files listed show how the names encrypt.
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--delete-after When synchronizing, delete files on destination after transfering
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--delete-before When synchronizing, delete files on destination before transfering
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--delete-during When synchronizing, delete files during transfer (default)
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--delete-excluded Delete files on dest excluded from sync
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--disable string Disable a comma separated list of features. Use help to see a list.
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--drive-auth-owner-only Only consider files owned by the authenticated user.
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--drive-chunk-size int Upload chunk size. Must a power of 2 >= 256k. (default 8M)
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--drive-formats string Comma separated list of preferred formats for downloading Google docs. (default "docx,xlsx,pptx,svg")
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--drive-impersonate string Impersonate this user when using a service account.
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--drive-list-chunk int Size of listing chunk 100-1000. 0 to disable. (default 1000)
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--drive-shared-with-me Only show files that are shared with me
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--drive-skip-gdocs Skip google documents in all listings.
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--drive-trashed-only Only show files that are in the trash
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--drive-upload-cutoff int Cutoff for switching to chunked upload (default 8M)
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--drive-use-created-date Use created date instead of modified date.
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--drive-use-trash Send files to the trash instead of deleting permanently. (default true)
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--dropbox-chunk-size int Upload chunk size. Max 150M. (default 48M)
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-n, --dry-run Do a trial run with no permanent changes
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--dump string List of items to dump from: headers,bodies,requests,responses,auth,filters
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--dump-bodies Dump HTTP headers and bodies - may contain sensitive info
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--dump-headers Dump HTTP bodies - may contain sensitive info
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--exclude stringArray Exclude files matching pattern
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--exclude-from stringArray Read exclude patterns from file
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--exclude-if-present string Exclude directories if filename is present
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--fast-list Use recursive list if available. Uses more memory but fewer transactions.
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--files-from stringArray Read list of source-file names from file
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-f, --filter stringArray Add a file-filtering rule
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--filter-from stringArray Read filtering patterns from a file
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--gcs-location string Default location for buckets (us|eu|asia|us-central1|us-east1|us-east4|us-west1|asia-east1|asia-noetheast1|asia-southeast1|australia-southeast1|europe-west1|europe-west2).
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--gcs-storage-class string Default storage class for buckets (MULTI_REGIONAL|REGIONAL|STANDARD|NEARLINE|COLDLINE|DURABLE_REDUCED_AVAILABILITY).
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--ignore-checksum Skip post copy check of checksums.
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--ignore-existing Skip all files that exist on destination
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--ignore-size Ignore size when skipping use mod-time or checksum.
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-I, --ignore-times Don't skip files that match size and time - transfer all files
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--immutable Do not modify files. Fail if existing files have been modified.
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--include stringArray Include files matching pattern
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--include-from stringArray Read include patterns from file
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--local-no-unicode-normalization Don't apply unicode normalization to paths and filenames
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--log-file string Log everything to this file
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--log-level string Log level DEBUG|INFO|NOTICE|ERROR (default "NOTICE")
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--low-level-retries int Number of low level retries to do. (default 10)
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--max-age duration Don't transfer any file older than this in s or suffix ms|s|m|h|d|w|M|y (default off)
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--max-delete int When synchronizing, limit the number of deletes (default -1)
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--max-depth int If set limits the recursion depth to this. (default -1)
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--max-size int Don't transfer any file larger than this in k or suffix b|k|M|G (default off)
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--memprofile string Write memory profile to file
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--min-age duration Don't transfer any file younger than this in s or suffix ms|s|m|h|d|w|M|y (default off)
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--min-size int Don't transfer any file smaller than this in k or suffix b|k|M|G (default off)
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--modify-window duration Max time diff to be considered the same (default 1ns)
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--no-check-certificate Do not verify the server SSL certificate. Insecure.
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--no-gzip-encoding Don't set Accept-Encoding: gzip.
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--no-traverse Obsolete - does nothing.
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--no-update-modtime Don't update destination mod-time if files identical.
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-x, --one-file-system Don't cross filesystem boundaries.
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--onedrive-chunk-size int Above this size files will be chunked - must be multiple of 320k. (default 10M)
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-q, --quiet Print as little stuff as possible
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--rc Enable the remote control server.
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--rc-addr string IPaddress:Port or :Port to bind server to. (default "localhost:5572")
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--rc-cert string SSL PEM key (concatenation of certificate and CA certificate)
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--rc-client-ca string Client certificate authority to verify clients with
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--rc-htpasswd string htpasswd file - if not provided no authentication is done
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--rc-key string SSL PEM Private key
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--rc-max-header-bytes int Maximum size of request header (default 4096)
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--rc-pass string Password for authentication.
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--rc-realm string realm for authentication (default "rclone")
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--rc-server-read-timeout duration Timeout for server reading data (default 1h0m0s)
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--rc-server-write-timeout duration Timeout for server writing data (default 1h0m0s)
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--rc-user string User name for authentication.
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--retries int Retry operations this many times if they fail (default 3)
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--s3-acl string Canned ACL used when creating buckets and/or storing objects in S3
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--s3-storage-class string Storage class to use when uploading S3 objects (STANDARD|REDUCED_REDUNDANCY|STANDARD_IA)
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--sftp-ask-password Allow asking for SFTP password when needed.
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--size-only Skip based on size only, not mod-time or checksum
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--skip-links Don't warn about skipped symlinks.
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--stats duration Interval between printing stats, e.g 500ms, 60s, 5m. (0 to disable) (default 1m0s)
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--stats-file-name-length int Max file name length in stats. 0 for no limit (default 40)
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--stats-log-level string Log level to show --stats output DEBUG|INFO|NOTICE|ERROR (default "INFO")
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--stats-unit string Show data rate in stats as either 'bits' or 'bytes'/s (default "bytes")
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--streaming-upload-cutoff int Cutoff for switching to chunked upload if file size is unknown. Upload starts after reaching cutoff or when file ends. (default 100k)
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--suffix string Suffix for use with --backup-dir.
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--swift-chunk-size int Above this size files will be chunked into a _segments container. (default 5G)
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--syslog Use Syslog for logging
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--syslog-facility string Facility for syslog, eg KERN,USER,... (default "DAEMON")
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--timeout duration IO idle timeout (default 5m0s)
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--tpslimit float Limit HTTP transactions per second to this.
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--tpslimit-burst int Max burst of transactions for --tpslimit. (default 1)
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--track-renames When synchronizing, track file renames and do a server side move if possible
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--transfers int Number of file transfers to run in parallel. (default 4)
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-u, --update Skip files that are newer on the destination.
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--user-agent string Set the user-agent to a specified string. The default is rclone/ version (default "rclone/v1.40")
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-v, --verbose count Print lots more stuff (repeat for more)
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```
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### SEE ALSO
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* [rclone](/commands/rclone/) - Sync files and directories to and from local and remote object stores - v1.40
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###### Auto generated by spf13/cobra on 19-Mar-2018
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