321 lines
8 KiB
Markdown
321 lines
8 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Local Filesystem"
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description: "Rclone docs for the local filesystem"
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date: "2014-04-26"
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---
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<i class="fas fa-hdd"></i> Local Filesystem
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-------------------------------------------
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Local paths are specified as normal filesystem paths, eg `/path/to/wherever`, so
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rclone sync /home/source /tmp/destination
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Will sync `/home/source` to `/tmp/destination`
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These can be configured into the config file for consistencies sake,
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but it is probably easier not to.
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### Modified time ###
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Rclone reads and writes the modified time using an accuracy determined by
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the OS. Typically this is 1ns on Linux, 10 ns on Windows and 1 Second
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on OS X.
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### Filenames ###
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Filenames are expected to be encoded in UTF-8 on disk. This is the
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normal case for Windows and OS X.
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There is a bit more uncertainty in the Linux world, but new
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distributions will have UTF-8 encoded files names. If you are using an
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old Linux filesystem with non UTF-8 file names (eg latin1) then you
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can use the `convmv` tool to convert the filesystem to UTF-8. This
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tool is available in most distributions' package managers.
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If an invalid (non-UTF8) filename is read, the invalid characters will
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be replaced with the unicode replacement character, '�'. `rclone`
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will emit a debug message in this case (use `-v` to see), eg
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```
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Local file system at .: Replacing invalid UTF-8 characters in "gro\xdf"
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```
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### Long paths on Windows ###
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Rclone handles long paths automatically, by converting all paths to long
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[UNC paths](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365247(v=vs.85).aspx#maxpath)
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which allows paths up to 32,767 characters.
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This is why you will see that your paths, for instance `c:\files` is
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converted to the UNC path `\\?\c:\files` in the output,
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and `\\server\share` is converted to `\\?\UNC\server\share`.
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However, in rare cases this may cause problems with buggy file
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system drivers like [EncFS](https://github.com/rclone/rclone/issues/261).
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To disable UNC conversion globally, add this to your `.rclone.conf` file:
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```
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[local]
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nounc = true
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```
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If you want to selectively disable UNC, you can add it to a separate entry like this:
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```
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[nounc]
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type = local
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nounc = true
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```
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And use rclone like this:
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`rclone copy c:\src nounc:z:\dst`
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This will use UNC paths on `c:\src` but not on `z:\dst`.
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Of course this will cause problems if the absolute path length of a
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file exceeds 258 characters on z, so only use this option if you have to.
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### Symlinks / Junction points
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Normally rclone will ignore symlinks or junction points (which behave
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like symlinks under Windows).
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If you supply `--copy-links` or `-L` then rclone will follow the
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symlink and copy the pointed to file or directory. Note that this
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flag is incompatible with `-links` / `-l`.
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This flag applies to all commands.
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For example, supposing you have a directory structure like this
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```
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$ tree /tmp/a
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/tmp/a
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├── b -> ../b
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├── expected -> ../expected
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├── one
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└── two
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└── three
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```
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Then you can see the difference with and without the flag like this
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```
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$ rclone ls /tmp/a
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6 one
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6 two/three
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```
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and
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```
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$ rclone -L ls /tmp/a
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4174 expected
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6 one
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6 two/three
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6 b/two
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6 b/one
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```
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#### --links, -l
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Normally rclone will ignore symlinks or junction points (which behave
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like symlinks under Windows).
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If you supply this flag then rclone will copy symbolic links from the local storage,
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and store them as text files, with a '.rclonelink' suffix in the remote storage.
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The text file will contain the target of the symbolic link (see example).
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This flag applies to all commands.
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For example, supposing you have a directory structure like this
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```
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$ tree /tmp/a
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/tmp/a
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├── file1 -> ./file4
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└── file2 -> /home/user/file3
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```
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Copying the entire directory with '-l'
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```
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$ rclone copyto -l /tmp/a/file1 remote:/tmp/a/
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```
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The remote files are created with a '.rclonelink' suffix
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```
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$ rclone ls remote:/tmp/a
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5 file1.rclonelink
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14 file2.rclonelink
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```
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The remote files will contain the target of the symbolic links
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```
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$ rclone cat remote:/tmp/a/file1.rclonelink
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./file4
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$ rclone cat remote:/tmp/a/file2.rclonelink
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/home/user/file3
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```
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Copying them back with '-l'
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```
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$ rclone copyto -l remote:/tmp/a/ /tmp/b/
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$ tree /tmp/b
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/tmp/b
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├── file1 -> ./file4
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└── file2 -> /home/user/file3
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```
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However, if copied back without '-l'
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```
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$ rclone copyto remote:/tmp/a/ /tmp/b/
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$ tree /tmp/b
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/tmp/b
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├── file1.rclonelink
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└── file2.rclonelink
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````
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Note that this flag is incompatible with `-copy-links` / `-L`.
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### Restricting filesystems with --one-file-system
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Normally rclone will recurse through filesystems as mounted.
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However if you set `--one-file-system` or `-x` this tells rclone to
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stay in the filesystem specified by the root and not to recurse into
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different file systems.
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For example if you have a directory hierarchy like this
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```
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root
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├── disk1 - disk1 mounted on the root
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│ └── file3 - stored on disk1
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├── disk2 - disk2 mounted on the root
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│ └── file4 - stored on disk12
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├── file1 - stored on the root disk
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└── file2 - stored on the root disk
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```
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Using `rclone --one-file-system copy root remote:` will only copy `file1` and `file2`. Eg
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```
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$ rclone -q --one-file-system ls root
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0 file1
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0 file2
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```
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```
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$ rclone -q ls root
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0 disk1/file3
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0 disk2/file4
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0 file1
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0 file2
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```
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**NB** Rclone (like most unix tools such as `du`, `rsync` and `tar`)
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treats a bind mount to the same device as being on the same
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filesystem.
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**NB** This flag is only available on Unix based systems. On systems
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where it isn't supported (eg Windows) it will be ignored.
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<!--- autogenerated options start - DO NOT EDIT, instead edit fs.RegInfo in backend/local/local.go then run make backenddocs -->
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### Standard Options
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Here are the standard options specific to local (Local Disk).
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#### --local-nounc
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Disable UNC (long path names) conversion on Windows
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- Config: nounc
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- Env Var: RCLONE_LOCAL_NOUNC
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- Type: string
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- Default: ""
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- Examples:
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- "true"
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- Disables long file names
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### Advanced Options
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Here are the advanced options specific to local (Local Disk).
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#### --copy-links
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Follow symlinks and copy the pointed to item.
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- Config: copy_links
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- Env Var: RCLONE_LOCAL_COPY_LINKS
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- Type: bool
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- Default: false
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#### --links
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Translate symlinks to/from regular files with a '.rclonelink' extension
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- Config: links
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- Env Var: RCLONE_LOCAL_LINKS
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- Type: bool
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- Default: false
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#### --skip-links
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Don't warn about skipped symlinks.
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This flag disables warning messages on skipped symlinks or junction
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points, as you explicitly acknowledge that they should be skipped.
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- Config: skip_links
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- Env Var: RCLONE_LOCAL_SKIP_LINKS
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- Type: bool
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- Default: false
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#### --local-no-unicode-normalization
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Don't apply unicode normalization to paths and filenames (Deprecated)
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This flag is deprecated now. Rclone no longer normalizes unicode file
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names, but it compares them with unicode normalization in the sync
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routine instead.
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- Config: no_unicode_normalization
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- Env Var: RCLONE_LOCAL_NO_UNICODE_NORMALIZATION
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- Type: bool
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- Default: false
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#### --local-no-check-updated
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Don't check to see if the files change during upload
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Normally rclone checks the size and modification time of files as they
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are being uploaded and aborts with a message which starts "can't copy
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- source file is being updated" if the file changes during upload.
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However on some file systems this modification time check may fail (eg
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[Glusterfs #2206](https://github.com/rclone/rclone/issues/2206)) so this
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check can be disabled with this flag.
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- Config: no_check_updated
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- Env Var: RCLONE_LOCAL_NO_CHECK_UPDATED
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- Type: bool
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- Default: false
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#### --one-file-system
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Don't cross filesystem boundaries (unix/macOS only).
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- Config: one_file_system
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- Env Var: RCLONE_LOCAL_ONE_FILE_SYSTEM
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- Type: bool
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- Default: false
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<!--- autogenerated options stop -->
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